1-Kestose
(Synonyms: 1-蔗果三糖) 目录号 : GC32294
1-酮糖是一种在蔬菜中发现的三糖，由β-D-呋喃果糖组成，在 1 位和 2 位分别连接有 β-D-呋喃果糖和 α-D-吡喃葡萄糖残基，具有益生元和抗糖尿病活性
Cas No.:470-69-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
1-Kestose is a fructooligosaccharide that has been found in onions and has prebiotic and antidiabetic activities.1,2,3 It increases levels of the beneficial bacterium B. longum in diluted adult human fecal samples when added to culture broth at a concentration of 0.5% w/v.3 Dietary supplementation with 1-kestose increases the proportion of cecal Anaerostipes and Bifidobacterium content, improves glucose tolerance, and prevents the development of type 2 diabetes in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats.2
1.Tochio, T., Kadota, Y., Tanaka, T., et al.1-Kestose, the smallest fructooligosaccharide component, which efficiently stimulates Faecalibacterium prausnitzii as well as bifidobacteria in humansFoods7(9)140(2018) 2.Watanabe, A., Kadota, Y., Kamio, R., et al.1-Kestose supplementation mitigates the progressive deterioration of glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes OLETF ratsSci. Rep.10(1)15674(2020) 3.Endo, A., Hirano, K., Ose, R., et al.Impact of kestose supplementation on the healthy adult microbiota in in vitro fecal batch culturesAnaerobe61102076(2020)
| Cas No. | 470-69-9 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 1-蔗果三糖 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC[C@]1(O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O)OC[C@]2(O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O)O[C@H]3O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)CO | ||
| 分子式 | C18H32O16 | 分子量 | 504.44 |
| 溶解度 | Water: 100 mg/mL (198.24 mM); DMSO: 100 mg/mL (198.24 mM) | 储存条件 | -20°C, protect from light |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.9824 mL | 9.912 mL | 19.824 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3965 mL | 1.9824 mL | 3.9648 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1982 mL | 0.9912 mL | 1.9824 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
1-Kestose, the Smallest Fructooligosaccharide Component, Which Efficiently Stimulates Faecalibacterium prausnitzii as Well as Bifidobacteria in Humans
Foods 2018 Sep 1;7(9):140.PMID:30200390DOI:10.3390/foods7090140.
The concept of prebiotics was established more than 30 years ago. While the prebiotic concept has now expanded thus includes non-carbohydrate substances and diverse categories other than foods, fructooligosaccharides (FOS) have still predominantly been used as pebiotics, because the effects of FOS exclusively act through the enrichment of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp., which have been classified as beneficial intestinal commensals so far. Now the commercially available FOS products are synthetic mixture of several kinds of FOS components including 1-Kestose (GF鈧?, nystose (GF鈧? and GF鈧? In our previous studies, superiority of 1-Kestose to the longer-chain FOS components such as nystose with regard to bifidogenic activity was clearly demonstrated. Recently, a broader range of beneficial bacteria including butyrate-producing indigenous bacteria have been recognized and expected to be new probiotic strains. Among them, resident Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is a butyrate producer with a significant anti-inflammatory effect thus expected to be useful as a next-generation probiotic. However, this bacterium is extremely oxygen-sensitive thus can be difficult to grow industrially. On the other hand, we have clearly demonstrated a significant prebiotic effect of 1-Kestose, which is the smallest component of FOS, on F. prausnitzii in the gut of humans. These findings suggest that 1-Kestose has impressive potential as a new prebiotic targeting F. prausnitzii, a next-generation probiotic strain, as well as bifidobacteria.
Feeding of 1-Kestose Induces Glutathione-S-Transferase Expression in Mouse Liver
Foods 2019 Feb 13;8(2):69.PMID:30781821DOI:10.3390/foods8020069.
Functional food ingredients, including prebiotics, have been increasingly developed for human health. The improvement of the human intestinal environment is one of their main targets. Fructooligosaccarides (FOS) are oligosaccharide fructans that are well studied and commercialized prebiotics. 1-Kestose, one of the components of FOS, is considered to be a key prebiotic component in FOS. However, to our knowledge, no studies have been reported on the physiological efficacy of 1-Kestose regarding its anti-oxidative activity. In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-Kestose on gene expression of antioxidative enzymes in the liver, kidney and epididymal adipose tissue of mice by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). We demonstrated that a 1-Kestose-rich diet increased mRNA and enzymatic activity levels of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in mouse liver. These results suggest the possibility that dietary 1-Kestose as a prebiotic may enhance antioxidative activity in mice.
1-Kestose Supplementation Increases Levels of a 5伪-Reductase Gene, a Key Isoallolithocholic Acid Biosynthetic Gene, in the Intestinal Microbiota
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2022;68(5):446-451.PMID:36310079DOI:10.3177/jnsv.68.446.
1-Kestose (kestose) is the smallest fructooligosaccharide component and shows a particularly high prebiotic function. Both kestose and the bile acid metabolite isoallolithocholic acid (isoalloLCA) are known to be beneficial for human health, especially in terms of immune homeostasis in the gastrointestinal system; however, the effect of kestose on the levels of microbial isoalloLCA producers remains to be clarified. IsoalloLCA is known to be produced by several members of the phylum Bacteroidota that carry the 5伪-reductase (5AR) gene, a key isoalloLCA biosynthetic gene. Thus, we designed a specific primer set to detect the 5AR gene based on the consensus sequences of the genes from several isoalloLCA producers. Using real-time quantitative PCR with this primer set and fecal DNA samples, we compared the 5AR gene level (5ar-level) in the intestinal microbiota of a kestose-supplemented group (n=20) and a placebo group (n=16) before and after intake for 12 wk. The 5ar-level was significantly increased in the kestose-supplemented group (p=0.015), but not in the placebo group (p=0.379), indicating that kestose supplementation increased the 5ar-level in human intestinal microbiota. Our findings suggest that targeting functional gene levels could potentially be used to predict and understand the beneficial prebiotic effects associated with changes in gut microbiota.
1-Kestose supplementation mitigates the progressive deterioration of glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes OLETF rats
Sci Rep 2020 Sep 24;10(1):15674.PMID:32973311DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-72773-2.
The fructooligosaccharide 1-Kestose cannot be hydrolyzed by gastrointestinal enzymes, and is instead fermented by the gut microbiota. Previous studies suggest that 1-Kestose promotes increases in butyrate concentrations in vitro and in the ceca of rats. Low levels of butyrate-producing microbiota are frequently observed in the gut of patients and experimental animals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, little is known about the role of 1-Kestose in increasing the butyrate-producing microbiota and improving the metabolic conditions in type 2 diabetic animals. Here, we demonstrate that supplementation with 1-Kestose suppressed the development of diabetes in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, possibly through improved glucose tolerance. We showed that the cecal contents of rats fed 1-Kestose were high in butyrate and harbored a higher proportion of the butyrate-producing genus Anaerostipes compared to rats fed a control diet. These findings illustrate how 1-Kestose modifications to the gut microbiota impact glucose metabolism of T2D, and provide a potential preventative strategy to control glucose metabolism associated with dysregulated insulin secretion.
Supplementation of 1-Kestose Modulates the Gut Microbiota Composition to Ameliorate Glucose Metabolism in Obesity-Prone Hosts
Nutrients 2021 Aug 27;13(9):2983.PMID:34578862DOI:10.3390/nu13092983.
Insulin resistance leads to the onset of medical conditions such as type 2 diabetes, and its development is associated with the alteration in the gut microbiota. Although it has been demonstrated that supplementation with prebiotics modulates the gut microbiota, limited evidence is available for effects of prebiotics on insulin resistance, especially for humans. We investigated the prebiotic effect of 1-Kestose supplementation on fasting insulin concentration in obesity-prone humans and rats. In the preliminary study using rats, the hyperinsulinemia induced by high-fat diet was suppressed by intake of water with 2% (w/v) 1-Kestose. In the clinical study using obese-prone volunteers, the fasting serum insulin level was significantly reduced from 6.5 碌U/mL (95% CI, 5.5-7.6) to 5.3 (4.6-6.0) by the 12-week intervention with supplementation of 10 g 1-Kestose/day, whereas it was not changed by the intervention with placebo (6.2 碌U/mL (5.4-7.1) and 6.5 (5.5-7.6) before and after intervention, respectively). The relative abundance of fecal Bifidobacterium was significantly increased to 0.3244 (SD, 0.1526) in 1-kestose-supplemented participants compared to that in control participants (0.1971 (0.1158)). These results suggest that prebiotic intervention using 1-Kestose may potentially ameliorate insulin resistance in overweight humans via the modulation of the gut microbiota. UMIN 000028824.