A23187

A23187, free acid is a Ca2+ ionophore [1].

Ca2+ ionophore acts as a Ca2+ ionophore, allowing Ca2+ to cross cell membranes.

A23187, free acid is a Ca2+ ionophore. In rat Kupffer cells, A23187 induced hydrolysis of phosphoinositides to inositol phosphates and released inositol phosphates from the cells in a concentration- and time-dependent way [1]. In HL-60 cells, A23187 increased intracellular Ca2+ levels. Also, A23187 generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) both in intracellular and extracellular and induced apoptotic cell death, which was dependent on mitochondrial permeability transition [2]. In ileal muscle, A23187 (10-5 M) induced initial contraction and small rhythmic contractions with decrease in phosphocreatinine (PCr), ATP and glycogen contents under hypoxic conditions. However, A23187 (10-5 M) induced initial contraction and successive rhythmic contractions with a significant decrease in the ATP and glycogen contents in glucose-free medium [3]. In rat C6 glioma cells that was resistant to ZnCl2 (250 μM), A23187 (100 nM) and Zn2+ (150 μM) significantly induced apoptosis. Also, A23187 (1.9 nM) significantly increased the intracellular mobile Zn2+ content. These results suggested that the apoptosis induced by Zn2+ and A23187 was the result of increased Zn2+ influx induced by A23187 [4].

A23187自由酸是一种Ca2+离子载体。

Ca2+离子载体作为一种离子载体，可以让钙离子穿过细胞膜。

A23187是一种Ca2+离子载体。在大鼠库普弗细胞中，A23187会引起磷脂酰肌醇的水解并以浓度和时间依赖方式释放出细胞内的肌醇磷酸盐[1]。在HL-60细胞中，A23187增加了细胞内钙离子水平，并产生了反应性氧自由基（ROS），导致线粒体通透性转变相关的凋亡[2]。在小肠平滑肌中，在缺氧条件下，A23187（10-5 M）会引起初始收缩和小幅节律性收缩，并降低磷酸肌酸、ATP和糖原含量；但在无葡萄糖培养基中，A23187（10-5 M）则会引起初始收缩和连续节律性收缩，并显著降低ATP和糖原含量[3]。对于对ZnCl2（250μM）具有抵抗力的大鼠C6神经胶质瘤细胞而言，A23187（100 nM）和Zn2+ （150 μM）均能显著诱导凋亡；此外， A23187（1.9 nM）还能显著增加细胞内可移动的Zn2+含量。这些结果表明，A23187诱导的Zn2+通入是导致Zn2+和A23187诱导凋亡的原因[4]。

References:
[1].  Gandhi CR, Harvey SA, Cevallos M, et al. A23187 causes release of inositol phosphates from cultured rat Kupffer cells. Eur J Pharmacol, 2001, 415(1): 13-18.
[2].  Kajitani N, Kobuchi H, Fujita H, et al. Mechanism of A23187-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells: dependency on mitochondrial permeability transition but not on NADPH oxidase. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 2007, 71(11): 2701-2711.
[3].  Nasu T, Nishikawa M. Metabolic dependency of ionophore A23187-induced contraction of ileal longitudinal smooth muscle. J Auton Pharmacol, 2000, 20(2): 99-109.
[4].  Jansen S, Arning J, Beyersmann D. Effects of the Ca ionophore a23187 on zinc-induced apoptosis in C6 glioma cells. Biol Trace Elem Res, 2003, 96(1-3): 133-142.