ACT-389949
目录号 : GC60564
ACT-389949是一种首创、高效、选择性的甲酰肽受体2/脂蛋白A4受体(FPR2)/(ALX)激动剂，对FPR2/ALX进行内化入单核细胞的EC50值为3nM。ACT-389949具有研究炎性疾病的潜力。
Cas No.:1258417-54-7
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
ACT-389949 is a first-in-class, potent and selective and agonist of formyl peptide receptor type 2 (FPR2)/Lipoxin A4 receptor (ALX), with an EC50 of 3 nM for FPR2/ALX internalization into monocytes. ACT-389949 has potential for the treatment of inflammatory disorders[1][2].
ACT-389949 has well tolerated. Maximum concentrations are reached around 2 hours after dosing, with a mean terminal half-life of 29.3 hours[1]. Administration of ACT-389949 results in a dose-dependent, long-lasting internalization of FPR2/ALX into leukocytes[1].
[1]. Stalder AK,et al. Biomarker-guided clinical development of the first-in-class anti-inflammatory FPR2/ALX agonist ACT-389949. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Mar;83(3):476-486. [2]. Lind S, et al. Functional and signaling characterization of the neutrophil FPR2 selective agonist Act-389949. Biochem Pharmacol. 2019 Aug;166:163-173.
| Cas No. | 1258417-54-7 | SDF | |
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(C1=C(C2=CC=CC(C)=C2)OC(C)=N1)NC3=NN(CC4=NC(C(F)(F)C)=CO4)N=C3 | ||
| 分子式 | C20H18F2N6O3 | 分子量 | 428.39 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: 10 mg/mL (23.34 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 1 with HCl) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C,unstable in solution, ready to use. |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.3343 mL | 11.6716 mL | 23.3432 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4669 mL | 2.3343 mL | 4.6686 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2334 mL | 1.1672 mL | 2.3343 mL |
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| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
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| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
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工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
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2.
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Functional and signaling characterization of the neutrophil FPR2 selective agonist ACT-389949
Biochem Pharmacol 2019 Aug;166:163-173.PMID:31085160DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2019.04.030.
Despite the steadily increased numbers of formyl peptide receptor (FPR) ligands identified over the years, few have been characterized in studies using animal disease models and even less have entered clinical trials in human subjects. A small-molecule compound, ACT-389949, was however recently tested in a phase I clinical trial and found to be safe and well tolerated in healthy human subjects. The desired anti-inflammatory property of ACT-389949 was proposed to be mediated through FPR2, one of the FPRs expressed in neutrophils, but no basic characterization was included in the study. To gain more insights into FPR2 recognition of this first-in-class compound for future utility of the agonist, we have in this study determined the receptor preference and down-stream signaling characteristics induced by ACT-389949 in human blood neutrophils isolated from healthy donors. Our data demonstrate that ACT-389949 is an agonist for FPR2 that triggers functional/signaling repertoires comparable to what has been earlier described for other FPR2 agonists, including neutrophil chemotaxis, granule mobilization and activation of the NADPH-oxidase. In fact, ACT-389949 was found to be as potent as the prototype FPR2 peptide agonist WKYMVM and had the advantage of being resistant to oxidation by MPO-H2O2-halide derived oxidants, as compared to the sensitive WKYMVM. The down-stream signals generated by ACT-389949 include an FPR2-dependent and Gαq-independent transient rise in intracellular Ca2+ and recruitment of β-arrestin. In summary, our data show that ACT-389949 serves as an excellent tool-compound for further dissection of FPR2-regulated activities in vitro and in vivo. Potent and stable FPR ligands such as ACT-389949 may therefore be used to develop the next generation of FPR signaling regulating anti-inflammatory therapeutics.
Biomarker-guided clinical development of the first-in-class anti-inflammatory FPR2/ALX agonist ACT-389949
Br J Clin Pharmacol 2017 Mar;83(3):476-486.PMID:27730665DOI:10.1111/bcp.13149.
Aims: The main objectives of these two phase I studies were to investigate safety and tolerability as well as the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile of the novel potent and selective formyl peptide receptor type 2 (FPR2)/Lipoxin A4 receptor (ALX) agonist ACT-389949. A challenge model was used to assess the drug's anti-inflammatory potential, with the aim of selecting a dosing regimen for future patient studies. Methods: Two double-blind, randomized phase I studies investigated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ACT-389949 at different doses and dosing regimens. Drug exposure was correlated with target engagement markers such as receptor internalization and cytokine measurements. The effect of FPR2/ALX agonism on neutrophil migration was studied in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhalation model. Results: ACT-389949 was well tolerated. Maximum concentrations were reached around 2 h after dosing, with a mean terminal half-life of 29.3 h [95% confidence interval (CI) 25.5, 33.7]. After multiple-dose administration, exposure increased by 111% (95% CI 89, 136), indicating drug accumulation. Administration of ACT-389949 resulted in a dose-dependent, long-lasting internalization of FPR2/ALX into leukocytes. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were dose-dependently but transiently upregulated only after the first dose. No pharmacological effect on neutrophil count was observed in the LPS challenge test performed at steady state. Conclusions: FPR2/ALX agonism with ACT-389949 was shown to be safe and well tolerated in healthy subjects. Receptor internalization and downstream mediators pointed towards a desensitization of the system, which may explain the lack of effect on neutrophil recruitment in the LPS challenge model.
Multipathway In Vitro Pharmacological Characterization of Specialized Proresolving G Protein-Coupled Receptors
Mol Pharmacol 2022 Apr;101(4):246-256.PMID:35125345DOI:10.1124/molpharm.121.000422.
Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) and their cognate G protein-coupled receptors are implicated in autoimmune disorders, including chronic inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic scleroderma, and lupus erythematosus. To date, six G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been paired with numerous endogenous and synthetic ligands. However, the function and downstream signaling of these receptors remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we systematically expressed each receptor in a human embryonic kindney 293 (HEK293)-Flp-In-CD8a-FLAG cell system. Each receptor was pharmacologically characterized with both synthetic and putative endogenous ligands across different signaling assays, covering both G protein-dependent (Gs, Gi, and Gq) and independent mechanisms (β-arrestin2 recruitment). Three orphan GPCRs previously identified as SPM receptors (GPR 18, GPR32 and GPR37) failed to express in HEK 293 cells. Although we were unsuccessful in identifying an endogenous ligand for formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2)/lipoxin A4 receptor (ALX), with only a modest response to N-formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), we did reveal clear signaling bias away from extracelluar signal-related kinase (ERK) 1/2 phosphorylation for the clinically tested agonist N-(2-{[4-(1,1-difluoroethyl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]methyl}-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-2-methyl-5-(3-methylphenyl)-1,3-oxazole-4-carboxamide (ACT-389949), adding further evidence for its poor efficacy in two phase I studies. We also identified neuroprotectin D1 as a new leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (BLT1) agonist, implying an alternative target for the neuroprotective effects of the ligand. We confirmed activity for resolvin E1 (RvE1) at BLT1 but failed to observe any response at the chemerin1 receptor. This study provides some much-needed clarity around published receptor-ligand pairings but indicates that the expression and function of these SPM GPCRs remains very much context-dependent. In addition, the identification of signaling bias at FPR2/ALX may assist in guiding design of new FPR2/ALX agonists for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: To our knowledge, this is the first study to comprehensibly show how several natural mediators and synthetic ligands signal through three specialized proresolving mediator GPCRs using multiple ligands from different classes across four-six endpoint signaling assays. This study discovers new ligand pairings, refutes others, reveals poly-pharmacology, and identifies biased agonism in formyl peptide receptor 2/lipoxin A4 receptor pharmacology. This study highlights the potential of these receptors in treating specific autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic scleroderma, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Molecular Mechanisms of Desensitization Underlying the Differential Effects of Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 Agonists on Cardiac Structure-Function Post Myocardial Infarction
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022 Sep 14;5(10):892-906.PMID:PMC9578139DOI:10.1021/acsptsci.2c00042.
Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) plays an integral role in the transition of macrophages from a pro-inflammatory program to one that is pro-resolving. FPR2-mediated stimulation of resolution post myocardial infarction has demonstrated efficacy in rodent models and is hypothesized to reduce progression into heart failure. FPR2 agonists that promote long-lasting receptor internalization can lead to persistent desensitization and diminished therapeutic benefits. In vitro signaling profiles and propensities for receptor desensitization of two clinically studied FPR2 agonists, namely, BMS-986235 and ACT-389949, were evaluated. In contrast to BMS-986235, pre-stimulation with ACT-389949 led to a decrease in its potency to inhibit cAMP production. Moreover, ACT-389949 displayed greater efficacy for β-arrestin recruitment, while efficacy of Gi activation was similar for both agonists. Following agonist-promoted FPR2 internalization, effective recycling to the plasma membrane was observed only with BMS-986235. Use of G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) knock-out cells revealed a differential impact of GRK2 versus GRK5/6 on β-arrestin recruitment and Gi activation promoted by the two FPR2 agonists. In vivo, decreases of granulocytes in circulation were greatly diminished in mice treated with ACT-389949 but not for BMS-986235. With short-term dosing, both compounds induced a pro-resolution polarization state in cardiac monocyte/macrophages post myocardial infarction. By contrast, with long-term dosing, only BMS-986235 preserved the infarct wall thickness and increased left ventricular ejection fraction in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Altogether, the study shows that differences in the desensitization profiles induced by ACT-389949 and BMS-986235 at the molecular level may explain their distinct inflammatory/pro-resolving activities in vivo.