α-Amanitin
(Synonyms: alpha-鹅膏覃碱; α-Amatoxin) 目录号 : GC16277A selective RNA polymerase II inhibitor
Cas No.:23109-05-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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alpha-Amanitin is the principal toxin of several deadly poisonous mushrooms, exerting its toxic function by inhibiting RNA-polymerase II.
Alpha-Amanitin decreases TAF15 mRNA and TAF15 protein levels in MKN45 cells, and inhibits the RNAPII activity towards TAF15 mRNA[2]. alpha-Amanitin decreases cell viability by 14%, 21%, 41%, 44%, and 50% at concentrations of 100, 10, 1, 0.1, and 0.01 µg/mL, respectively. The LD50 of the alpha-Amanitin at 36 h is measured as 1 µg/mL. The total amount of protein within the cell at 24 h is significantly increased for the 1 µg/mL dose of alpha-Amanitin compared to the control[3]. Alpha-Amanitin dramatically decreases the expression of gap junctional genes (Gja1, Gja4 and Gjc1) and FSHr and LHr in cumulus cells[4].
The intravenous LD50 dose of alpha-Amanitin is 0.327 mg/kg body weight after intravenous injection into BALB/c mice. After 12 h of alpha-Amanitin injection in caudal vein, the levels of WBC, RBC and HGB decrease significantly, while those of BUN and Crea increase significantly in serum. alpha-Amanitin inhibits some genes (Hsp90b1, Irx4, etc.), whose encoded proteins regulate the RNA polymerase II activity. alpha-Amanitin down-regulates some proteins (Nmi, Trpc5, etc.) taking part in the transcription progress[1]. alpha-Amanitin has potent activity in DTC suppression. Mice injected with alpha-Amanitin (0.4 mg/kg, i.p.)-treated cells maintain their body weight, while those receiving a peritoneal injection of MKN45 cells show a constant decrease in body weight[2].
References:
[1]. Zhao J, et al. Pathological effects of the mushroom toxin alpha-amanitin on BALB/c mice. Peptides. 2006 Dec;27(12):3047-3052.
[2]. Kume K, et al. α-Amanitin Restrains Cancer Relapse from Drug-Tolerant Cell Subpopulations via TAF15. Sci Rep. 2016 May 16;6:25895
[3]. Kaya E, et al. Evaluation and comparison of alpha- and beta-amanitin toxicity on MCF-7 cell line. Turk J Med Sci. 2014;44(5):728-32
[4]. Park MW, et al. RNA Polymerase II Inhibitor, α-Amanitin, Affects Gene Expression for Gap Junctions and Metabolic Capabilities of Cumulus Cells, but Not Oocyte, during in vitro Mouse Oocyte Maturation. Dev Reprod. 2013 Mar;17(1):63-72
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Cell experiment: |
The MTT assay is used to evaluate the overall functional integrity and viability of the cultured cells. The MCF-7 cells are put into 96-well plates (2×104 for each well), which are incubated for 24 h. The specific concentrations of alpha-Amanitin and β-Amanitin are added to the cell culture medium, and plates are incubated for an additional 36 h. MTT solution (1:10 ratio) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (100 µL) are then added to the cell culture medium and plates are incubated overnight. The absorbance is measured at 570 nm on a plate reader. This experiment is repeated 3 times. The absorbance data are calculated as percentages according to the control group. |
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Animal experiment: |
For tumorigenicity tests, six colonies (untreated) and DTCs derived from MKN45 cells are individually injected subcutaneously into the left and right side of the backs of six 6-week-old female nude mice (BALB/cAjcl-nu/nu). These mice are monitored for 49 days after the inoculation or until tumors reach 10 mm in the largest diameter, and are then euthanized. For the PC model, 1.0×106 MKN45 cells are injected intraperitoneally into six 6-week-old female nude mice (BALB/cAjcl-nu/nu). Mice are then treated with CIS (4.0 mg/kg, intraperitoneal administration) or a combination of CIS and alpha-Amanitin (0.4 mg/kg, intraperitoneal administration). For the combination treatment, alpha-Amanitin is given 24 hours before CIS. Body weight is monitored for 28 days after the treatment. |
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References: [1]. Zhao J, et al. Pathological effects of the mushroom toxin alpha-amanitin on BALB/c mice. Peptides. 2006 Dec;27(12):3047-3052. |
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| Cas No. | 23109-05-9 | SDF | |
| 别名 | alpha-鹅膏覃碱; α-Amatoxin | ||
| Canonical SMILES | CCC(C)C1C(=O)NCC(=O)NC2CS(=O)C3=C(CC(C(=O)NCC(=O)N1)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C4CC(CN4C(=O)C(NC2=O)CC(=O)N)O)C(C)C(CO)O)C5=C(N3)C=C(C=C5)O | ||
| 分子式 | C39H54N10O14S | 分子量 | 918.97 |
| 溶解度 | Water: 1mg/ml | 储存条件 | -20°C, protect from light,unstable in solution, ready to use. |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.0882 mL | 5.4409 mL | 10.8817 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.2176 mL | 1.0882 mL | 2.1763 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1088 mL | 0.5441 mL | 1.0882 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >90.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet