Ametryn
(Synonyms: 莠灭净) 目录号 : GC60575
Ametryn，是一种抑制光合作用和其他酶的过程的除草剂。Ametryn对一年生阔叶杂草和草本植物是有效的。
Cas No.:834-12-8
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Ametryn, a member of the Triazine chemical family, is a herbicide which inhibits photosynthesis and other enzymatic processes. Ametryn is effective against annual broadleaf weeds and grasses[1].
[1]. Ametryn.
| Cas No. | 834-12-8 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 莠灭净 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | CSC1=NC(NCC)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 | ||
| 分子式 | C9H17N5S | 分子量 | 227.33 |
| 溶解度 | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C | |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 4.3989 mL | 21.9945 mL | 43.9889 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8798 mL | 4.3989 mL | 8.7978 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4399 mL | 2.1994 mL | 4.3989 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Ametryn removal by Metarhizium brunneum: Biodegradation pathway proposal and metabolic background revealed
Chemosphere 2018 Jan;190:174-183.PMID:28987406DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.011.
Ametryn is a representative of a class of s-triazine herbicides absorbed by plant roots and leaves and characterized as a photosynthesis inhibitor. It is still in use in some countries in the farming of pineapples, soybean, corn, cotton, sugar cane or bananas; however, due to the adverse effects of s-triazine herbicides on living organisms use of these pesticides in the European Union has been banned. In the current study, we characterized the biodegradation of Ametryn (100 mg L-1) by entomopathogenic fungal cosmopolite Metarhizium brunneum. Ametryn significantly inhibited the growth and glucose uptake in fungal cultures. The concentration of the xenobiotic drops to 87.75 mg L-1 at the end of culturing and the biodegradation process leads to formation of four metabolites: 2-hydroxy atrazine, ethyl hydroxylated Ametryn, S-demethylated Ametryn and deethylametryn. Inhibited growth is reflected in the metabolomics data, where significant differences in concentrations of L-proline, gamma-aminobutyric acid, L-glutamine, 4-hydroxyproline, L-glutamic acid, ornithine and L-arginine were observed in the presence of the xenobiotic when compared to control cultures. The metabolomics data demonstrated that the presence of Ametryn in the fungal culture induced oxidative stress and serious disruptions of the carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Our results provide deeper insights into the microorganism strategy for xenobiotic biodegradation which may result in future enhancements to Ametryn removal by the tested strain.
Ametryn degradation in the ultraviolet (UV) irradiation/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment
J Hazard Mater 2009 May 30;164(2-3):640-5.PMID:18824296DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.08.038.
Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation (253.7nm) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) was used to decompose aqueous Ametryn. The concentrations of Ametryn were measured with time under various experiment conditions. The investigated factors included H(2)O(2) dosages, initial pH, initial Ametryn concentrations, and a variety of inorganic anions. Results showed that Ametryn degradation in UV/H(2)O(2) process was a pseudo-first-order reaction. Removal rates of Ametryn were greatly affected by H(2)O(2) dosage and initial concentrations of Ametryn, but appeared to be slightly influenced by initial pH. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of four anions (SO(4)(2-), Cl(-), HCO(3)(-), and CO(3)(2-)) on Ametryn degradation by UV/H(2)O(2). The impact of SO(4)(2-) seemed to be insignificant; however, Cl(-), HCO(3)(-), and CO(3)(2-) considerably slowed down the degradation rate because they could strongly scavenge hydroxyl radicals (OH) produced during the UV/H(2)O(2) process. Finally, a preliminary cost analysis revealed that UV/H(2)O(2) process was more cost-effective than the UV alone in removal of Ametryn from water.
Removal of Ametryn and organic matter from wastewater using sequential anaerobic-aerobic batch reactor: A performance evaluation study
J Environ Manage 2019 Nov 1;249:109390.PMID:31434048DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109390.
The present study was aimed to investigate biodegradation of 2-(ethylamino)-4-(isopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-s-triazine (Ametryn) in a laboratory-scale anaerobic sequential batch reactor (ASBR) and followed by aerobic post-treatment. Co-treatment of Ametryn with starch is carried out at ambient environmental conditions. The treatment process lasted up to 150 days of operation at a constant hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h and an organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.21-0.215 kg-COD/m3/d. Ametryn concentration of 4 and 6 mg/L was removed completely within 48-50 days of operation with chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies >85% at optimum reactor conditions. Ametryn acted as a nutrient/carbon source rather causing toxicity and contributed to methane gas production and sludge granulation in the anaerobic reactor. Biotransformation products of Ametryn to cyanuric acid, biuret, and their further conversion to ammonia nitrogen and CO2 are monitored during the study. Adsorption of Ametryn on to reactor sludge was negligible, sludge granulation, presence of ANAMMOX bacteria, and low MLVSS/MLSS ratio between 0.68 and 0.72. The study revealed that Ametryn removal occurred mainly due to biodegradation and co-metabolism processes. Aerobic post-treatment of anaerobic effluent was able to remove COD up to 95%. The results of this study exhibit that anaerobic-aerobic treatment is feasible due to easy operation, economic, and highly efficient.
Toxicological evaluation of Ametryn effects in Wistar rats
Exp Toxicol Pathol 2015 Oct;67(10):525-32.PMID:26310382DOI:10.1016/j.etp.2015.08.001.
São Paulo state, Brazil, is one of the main areas of sugar cane planting in the world. Extensive use of Ametryn, a triazine herbicide, in sugar cane agriculture and the properties of this herbicide suggest it could be present in the environment as a potential contaminant of soil, surface water, groundwater, and river sediment. In order to clarify the mechanism through which Ametryn could be toxic, an in vivo study with Wistar rats was conducted using hematological, biochemical, molecular, morphological and genotoxic approaches. For this purpose, two sub-lethal Ametryn concentrations (15 mg and 30 mg/kg/day) were administered to 42 rats divided into three groups (n=12) by gavage during 56 days, whereupon blood, liver and bone marrow were collected. The results showed Ametryn genotoxic activity by in vivo micronuclei testing. This event probably occurred as consequence of oxidative stress induction demonstrated by GSTM1 transcript levels increase (indicating complexation between Ametryn and/or metabolites with GSH) and by SOD activity decrease. Also, Mn-SOD transcripts were increased, probably avoiding mtDNA damage caused by EROS. These mechanisms displayed hepatic stellate cell (HSCs) activation because two major biomarkers were regulated, connexin and cadherin. N-cad transcripts were increased on both exposed groups while E-cad decreased in the T1 group, indicating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In addition, Cx43 transcripts were decreased suggesting an increase in collagen content. Volumetric proportion of sinusoids was significantly decreased in T1 group and no significant alteration in hepatocyte volume was observed, indicating an increase in the space of Disse, due to fibrosis. Hepatocyte nuclei showed significant decrease in diameter and volume. Few hematological alterations were found. We emphasize the importance of other approaches, such as cell death and proliferation assays, so that Ametryn toxicity can better be understood.
Environmental photochemical fate of pesticides Ametryn and imidacloprid in surface water (Paranapanema River, São Paulo, Brazil)
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022 Jun;29(28):42290-42304.PMID:35031991DOI:10.1007/s11356-021-17991-5.
In addition to direct photolysis studies, in this work the second-order reaction rate constants of pesticides imidacloprid (IMD) and Ametryn (AMT) with hydroxyl radicals (HO●), singlet oxygen (1O2), and triplet excited states of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (3CDOM*) were determined by kinetic competition under sunlight. IMD and AMT exhibited low photolysis quantum yields: (1.23 ± 0.07) × 10-2 and (7.99 ± 1.61) × 10-3 mol Einstein-1, respectively. In contrast, reactions with HO● radicals and 3CDOM* dominate their degradation, with 1O2 exhibiting rates three to five orders of magnitude lower. The values of kIMD,HO● and kAMT,HO● were (3.51 ± 0.06) × 109 and (4.97 ± 0.37) × 109 L mol-1 s-1, respectively, while different rate constants were obtained using anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQ2S) or 4-carboxybenzophenone (CBBP) as CDOM proxies. For IMD this difference was significant, with kIMD,3AQ2S* = (1.02 ± 0.08) × 109 L mol-1 s-1 and kIMD,3CBBP* = (3.17 ± 0.14) × 108 L mol-1 s-1; on the contrary, the values found for AMT are close, kAMT,3AQ2S* = (8.13 ± 0.35) × 108 L mol-1 s-1 and kAMT,3CBBP* = (7.75 ± 0.80) × 108 L mol-1 s-1. Based on these results, mathematical simulations performed with the APEX model for typical levels of water constituents (NO3-, NO2-, CO32-, TOC, pH) indicate that the half-lives of these pesticides should vary between 24.1 and 18.8 days in the waters of the Paranapanema River (São Paulo, Brazil), which can therefore be impacted by intensive agricultural activity in the region.