APF
目录号 : GC42825APF是一种新型ROS指示剂，可选择性、剂量依赖性地与溶液和细胞中某些活性氧结合后产生荧光，其最大激发/发射波长分别为490/515nm。
Cas No.:359010-70-1
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >95.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
以下方案仅供参考，实际使用方案需根据您实际情况进行改进。
一、 储存液制备
将低温保存的1mg粉末置于室温回温至少20min，之后加入472μL无水DMF配置成5mM储存液。充分溶解和混匀后，按照每次使用量进行分装，-20℃避光保存，避免反复冻融。
注意：APF可溶于DMSO，但有数据显示DMSO是羟基自由基的淬灭剂，会干扰检测和降低灵敏性。因此，不建议用DMSO作为溶剂。
二、 溶液体系检测
正式实验前，取一管APF储存液置于室温，使其充分溶解。之后用合适的缓冲液（如HHBS缓冲液或PBS缓冲液）稀释至所需工作液浓度，建议起始浓度为1-10μM，实际使用浓度还需根据实验体系或参考文献进行优化。
三、 细胞体系检测
1、 制备细胞悬浮液或载玻片上的活细胞。
2、 将DMF储备液稀释到合适的缓冲液中，建议起始浓度范围为1-10μM.
3、 将细胞与稀释后的APF在37°C下孵育20–60分钟，贴壁细胞无需进行胰蛋白酶消化可直接进行孵育检测。
4、 洗涤2-3次细胞，更换为新鲜的缓冲液或培养基。
5、 选用合适荧光仪器于Ex/Em：490/515nm条件下检测。
注意：
1、牛血清白蛋白（BSA）和酚红会影响荧光值，应谨慎使用。
2、APF产生的荧光相对于其他活性氧探针（如DCFH）弱很多，这是探针本身特性所决定的。
References:
[1]. Flemmig J, Zschaler J, Remmler J, et al. The fluorescein-derived dye aminophenyl fluorescein is a suitable tool to detect hypobromous acid (HOBr)-producing activity in eosinophils[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2012, 287(33): 27913-27923.
[2]. Cohn C A, Pedigo C E, Hylton S N, et al. Evaluating the use of 3'-(p-Aminophenyl) fluorescein for determining the formation of highly reactive oxygen species in particle suspensions[J]. Geochemical Transactions, 2009, 10: 1-9.
APF is a novel ROS indicator that selectively and dose-dependently fluoresces upon binding to certain reactive oxygen species in solution and in cells with a maximum excitation/emission wavelength of 490/515 nm. APF has higher specificity and stability than HDCFDA. APF is cell membrane permeable, non-fluorescent, and reacts with reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl radical, peroxynitroso anion, or hypochlorite anion, to produce strong green fluorescence, which can be detected by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry. After reacting with hydroxyl radicals, peroxynitrite anion or hypochlorite anion, APF produces strong green fluorescence, which can be detected by fluorescence microscope, high throughput imager, fluorescence zymography or flow cytometry. At the same time, it can also be coupled with a variety of molecules to achieve specific labeling detection, which is widely used in the fields of biomarkers, cell imaging and fluorescence microscopy[1].
References:
[1]. Cohn C A, Pedigo C E, Hylton S N, et al. Evaluating the use of 3'-(p-Aminophenyl) fluorescein for determining the formation of highly reactive oxygen species in particle suspensions[J]. Geochemical Transactions, 2009, 10: 1-9.
APF是一种新型ROS指示剂，可选择性、剂量依赖性地与溶液和细胞中某些活性氧结合后产生荧光，其最大激发/发射波长分别为490/515nm。APF比HDCFDA具有更高的特异性和稳定性。APF具有细胞膜渗透性，本身无荧光，与羟基自由基、过氧亚硝基阴离子或次氯酸阴离子等活性氧物质反应后产生强绿色荧光，可用荧光显微镜，高通量成像仪，荧光酶标板或流式细胞仪检测。同时，它还可以与多种分子偶联，实现特异性标记检测，广泛应用于生物标
| Cas No. | 359010-70-1 | SDF | |
| Canonical SMILES | Nc1ccc(cc1)Oc1ccc2c(c1)Oc1cc(O)ccc1C12OC(=O)c2ccccc12 | ||
| 分子式 | C26H17NO5 | 分子量 | 423.4 |
| 溶解度 | DMF: 20 mg/ml,DMSO: 10 mg/ml,Ethanol: 10 mg/ml,Ethanol:PBS (pH 7.2)(1:3): .5 mg/ml | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C; protect from light |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.3618 mL | 11.8092 mL | 23.6183 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4724 mL | 2.3618 mL | 4.7237 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2362 mL | 1.1809 mL | 2.3618 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
APF Gold Medal Award for Impact in Psychology: Robert D. Enright
Am Psychol 2022 Jul-Aug;77(5):646-648.PMID:35878090DOI:10.1037/amp0001026.
The APF Gold Medal for Impact in Psychology recognizes Robert D. Enright for his innovative work in forgiveness. Enright pioneered the psychological study and therapeutic intervention on forgiveness, establishing forgiveness as a central and important concept to psychological health in trauma healing. The International Forgiveness Institute, developed by Dr. Enright in 1994, develops educational materials on forgiveness for children and adolescents that have been requested for use in over 30 different countries. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Efficacy of soft tissue augmentation around dental implants and in partially edentulous areas: a systematic review
J Clin Periodontol 2014 Apr;41 Suppl 15:S77-91.PMID:24641003DOI:10.1111/jcpe.12220.
Aim: To review the dental literature in terms of efficacy of soft tissue augmentation procedures around dental implants and in partially edentulous sites. Methods: A Medline search was performed for human studies augmenting keratinized mucosa (KM) and soft tissue volume around implants and in partially edentulous areas. Due to heterogeneity in between the studies, no meta-analyses could be performed. Results: Nine (KM) and eleven (volume) studies met the inclusion criteria. An apically positioned flap/vestibuloplasty (APF/V) plus a graft material [free gingival graft (FGG)/subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG)/collagen matrix (CM)] resulted in an increase of keratinized tissue (1.4-3.3 mm). Statistically significantly better outcomes were obtained for APF/V plus FGG/SCTG compared with controls (APF/V alone; no treatment) (p < 0.05). For surgery time and patient morbidity, statistically significantly more favourable outcomes were reported for CM compared to SCTGs (p < 0.05) in two randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), even though rendering less keratinized tissue. SCTGs were the best-documented method for gain of soft tissue volume at implant sites and partially edentulous sites. Aesthetically at immediate implant sites, better papilla fill and higher marginal mucosal levels were obtained using SCTGs compared to non-grafted sites. Conclusions: An APF/V plus FGG/SCTG was the best-documented and most successful method to increase the width of KM. APF/V plus CM demonstrated less gain in KM, but also less patient morbidity and surgery time compared to APF/V plus SCTG based on two RCTs. Autogenous grafts (SCTG) rendered an increase in soft tissue thickness and better aesthetics compared to non-grafted sites.
Expression of lncRNA APF in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Caused by Coronary Heart Disease and its Clinical Significance
Int Heart J 2022 Jul 30;63(4):742-748.PMID:35831141DOI:10.1536/ihj.21-434.
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death from cardiovascular disease. This study investigated the expression and clinical significance of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) autophagy promoting factor (APF) in peripheral blood of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) caused by CHD. Patients with angina pectoris (AP) (n = 80) and AMI (n = 96) and other patients (n = 60) with precordial discomfort but no CHD were included. The serum levels of lncRNA APF, MIAT, MALAT1, H19, CHAST, CDR1AS, miR-188-3p, and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) /creatine kinase (CK) /creatine kinase isozymes (CK-MB) were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients with AMI were divided into high/low expression groups based on the median level of APF, and the clinical baseline indicators of patients with AMI were compared. The correlation between lncRNA APF and cTnI/CK/CK-MB/miR-188-3p was analyzed using Pearson analysis, and the clinical value of lncRNA APF was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve. The levels of lncRNA APF, MIAT, MALAT1, H19, CHAST, and CDR1AS in patients with AMI were increased, whereas there were no differences in patients with AP. The APF levels in patients with AMI were higher than MIAT, MALAT1, and CHAST, whereas there were no differences between APF and H19 and CDR1AS. In patients with AMI, the high level of lncRNA APF was correlated with the history of smoking/drinking. Moreover, lncRNA APF was positively correlated with cTnI/CK/CK-MB levels and negatively correlated with miR-188-3p. LncRNA APF has high diagnostic efficacy for AMI. Overall, lncRNA APF is highly expressed in patients with AMI caused by CHD and has high diagnostic efficacy for AMI.
3D printed PLGA implants: APF DDM vs. FDM
J Control Release 2023 Jan;353:864-874.PMID:36464064DOI:10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.052.
3D Printing offers a considerable potential for personalized medicines. This is especially true for customized biodegradable implants, matching the specific needs of each patient. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is frequently used as matrix former in biodegradable implants. However, yet relatively little is known on the technologies, which can be used for the 3D printing of PLGA implants. The aim of this study was to compare: (i) Arburg Plastic Freeforming Droplet Deposition Modeling (APF DDM), and (ii) Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) to print mesh-shaped, ibuprofen-loaded PLGA implants. During APF DDM, individual drug-polymer droplets are deposited, fusing together to form filaments, which build up the implants. During FDM, continuous drug-polymer filaments are deposited to form the meshes. The implants were thoroughly characterized before and after exposure to phosphate buffer pH 7.4 using optical and scanning electron microscopy, GPC, DSC, drug release measurements and monitoring dynamic changes in the systems' dry & wet mass and pH of the bulk fluid. Interestingly, the mesh structures were significantly different, although the device design (composition & theoretical geometry) were the same. This could be explained by the fact that the deposition of individual droplets during APF DDM led to curved and rather thick filaments, resulting in a much lower mesh porosity. In contrast, FDM printing generated straight and thinner filaments: The open spaces between them were much larger and allowed convective mass transport during drug release. Consequently, most of the drug was already released after 4 d, when substantial PLGA set on. In the case of APF DDM printed implants, most of the drug was still entrapped at that time point and substantial polymer swelling transformed the meshes into more or less continuous PLGA gels. Hence, the diffusion pathways became much longer and ibuprofen release was controlled over 2 weeks.
Field performance measurements of half-facepiece respirators: developing probability estimates to evaluate the adequacy of an APF of 10
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1998 Nov;59(11):796-801.PMID:9830088DOI:10.1080/15428119891010983.
To evaluate the protection provided by negative-pressure, half-facepiece respirators, ambient and in-facepiece samples were collected on workers in foundry, aircraft-painting, and steel-manufacturing operations. Protection was assessed by workplace protection factors (WPF). The appropriateness of the assigned protection factor (APF) for half-facepiece respirators was evaluated with a new approach using the WPF data from these and other studies previously published. The new approach utilizes binomial statistics based on the number of successes (no overexposure) and failures (overexposure) and is illustrated with a graphical representation of WPF data. With this consideration of the data, the probability of overexposure occurring during a wearing period for workers wearing the half-facepiece respirators represented by the studies referenced here was 0.5%, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.01 to 2.7%. If 50% in-facepiece sampling errors are considered, the probability of overexposure was 2.9%, with a 95% confidence interval of 1.1 to 6.3%. The authors believe the current APF of 10 for half-facepiece respirators is appropriate.