Bismuth subgallate
(Synonyms: 碱性没食子酸铋) 目录号 : GC39847
Bismuth subgallate，一种止血剂，作用于凝血因子 XII (coagulation factor XII)，导致凝血级联的激活，并改善纤维蛋白凝块的早期形成。
Cas No.:99-26-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Bismuth subgallate, a hemostatic agent, acts on coagulation factor XII (Hageman factor), leading to the activation of the coagulation cascade and improving early formation of a fibrin clot[1][2].
[1]. Thorisdottir H, Ratnoff OD, Maniglia AJ. Activation of Hageman factor (factor XII) by bismuth subgallate, a hemostatic agent. J Lab Clin Med. 1988;112(4):481‐486. [2]. Puia SA, Renou SJ, Rey EA, Guglielmotti MB, Bozzini CE. Effect of bismuth subgallate (a hemostatic agent) on bone repair; a histologic, radiographic and histomorphometric study in rats. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;38(7):785‐789.
| Cas No. | 99-26-3 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 碱性没食子酸铋 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(C1=CC(O)=C(O[Bi](O)O2)C2=C1)O | ||
| 分子式 | C7H5BiO6 | 分子量 | 394.09 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble); H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.5375 mL | 12.6875 mL | 25.3749 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5075 mL | 2.5375 mL | 5.075 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2537 mL | 1.2687 mL | 2.5375 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Bismuth subgallate-epinephrine paste in adenotonsillectomies
Ann Pharmacother 2000 Apr;34(4):522-5.PMID:10772440DOI:10.1345/aph.19216.
Objective: To evaluate the role of bismuth subgallate-epinephrine (BSE) paste as a hemostatic in adenotonsillectomies. Data sources: MEDLINE (January 1966-October 1999) and Current Contents (January 1997-October 1999) were searched, using Bismuth subgallate, adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, and adenotonsillectomy as search terms. A citation search was performed using Science Citation Index (January 1977-October 1999). Data synthesis: Adenotonsillectomies are common procedures; although there are few complications, hemorrhage is a concern. Bismuth subgallate has historically been used as an astringent and hemostatic. An evaluation of studies of Bismuth subgallate and BSE paste was conducted. Conclusions: There is minimal evidence to support this practice, but data suggest that epinephrine may be the active ingredient in BSE paste. BSE paste is inexpensive, poses little risk, and may decrease postoperative bleeding; therefore, it may be a reasonable hemostatic agent.
Bismuth subgallate Toxicity in the Age of Online Supplement Use
Neurologist 2017 Nov;22(6):237-240.PMID:29095326DOI:10.1097/NRL.0000000000000144.
Introduction: Bismuth salts have been used to treat gastroenterological disorders and are readily available over-the-counter and via the internet. Even though generally considered safe, bismuth compounds can cause a syndrome of subacute, progressive encephalopathy when taken in large quantities. Case report: We present the case of woman who developed progressive encephalopathy, aphasia, myoclonus, and gait instability after chronically ingesting large amounts of Bismuth subgallate purchased from a major online marketing website to control symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. After extensive neurological work-up, elevated bismuth levels in her blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid confirmed the diagnosis of bismuth-related neurotoxicity. She improved slowly following cessation of exposure. Conclusion: This case highlights Bismuth subgallate as a neurotoxic bismuth formulation and reminds providers of the potential for safety misconceptions of positively reviewed online supplements.
Bismuth subgallate--its role in tonsillectomy
J Laryngol Otol 1995 Mar;109(3):203-5.PMID:7745334DOI:10.1017/s002221510012969x.
There have been many attempts at identifying substances and describing methods that would assist the surgeon and be of benefit to the patient undergoing a tonsillectomy. The use of Bismuth subgallate as a haemostatic adjunct during tonsillectomy has only been described previously in retrospective studies. A controlled prospective randomized trial of 100 paediatric patients, in which 50 patients had a tonsillectomy performed using Bismuth subgallate as a haemostatic agent and in which the remainder did not have any associated haemostatic substance, is presented here. Data on 72 patients was analysed, 39 patients belonging to the Bismuth subgallate group and the remaining 33 to the control group. The time for haemostasis was three to 18 (mean 7.8) minutes in the bismuth group. It was four to 16 (mean 9.9) minutes in the non-bismuth group. These figures are statistically significant. The range of ties used in the bismuth group was none to three (mean 1.5) ties and one to seven (mean 3.4) ties in the non-bismuth group. These figures are also statistically significant. The remainder of the recorded parameters did not differ significantly. It was found that Bismuth subgallate/adrenaline paste decreases operating time by significantly reducing the haemostasis time and the number of ties required but does not decrease post-operative morbidity.
Bismuth subgallate as a topical hemostatic agent at palatal donor sites
Quintessence Int 2010 Sep;41(8):645-649.PMID:20657853doi
Objective: To present Bismuth subgallate as a simplified and efficient method for promoting hemostasis at palatal donor sites, as evaluated by measuring hemostasis time and delayed bleeding. Method and materials: Ten patients received the Bismuth subgallate paste as a topical hemostatic agent, while another 10 patients received moistened gauze pressure. The time to obtain complete hemostasis, defined as no visual bleeding, was recorded for each subject. Results: Bismuth subgallate paste was found to decrease hemostasis time, when compared with moistened gauze pressure. The mean hemostasis time for the Bismuth subgallate group was significantly shorter (2.6 +/- 0.7 minutes) when compared to the moistened gauze group (7.2 +/- 1.4 minutes). While delayed bleeding was observed in the moistened gauze group, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups (P = .10). Conclusion: The use of Bismuth subgallate as a topical hemostatic for palatal wounds may be an option when performing free soft tissue grafts.
Does Bismuth subgallate have haemostatic effects in tonsillectomy?
Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 1999 Feb;24(1):72-4.PMID:10196655DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2273.1999.00220.x.
Previous studies have shown that Bismuth subgallate added to gauze swabs in tonsillectomy reduces the time to achieve haemostasis and probably reduces the risk of postoperative haemorrhage. All these studies have used Bismuth subgallate in combination with adrenaline. In this randomised clinical study we investigated the effect of Bismuth subgallate alone. A total of 204 patients were randomised into two groups. One hundred and six patients had swabs with Bismuth subgallate. In the control group (n = 98), plain swabs were used. Operating time time to achieve haemostasis, peroperative blood loss, and incidence of postoperative haemorrhages were recorded. There were no significant differences between the two groups. We conclude that the evidence for using Bismuth subgallate as a haemostatic agent in tonsillectomy is weak. The effect observed in previous studies can probably be ascribed to the effect of adrenaline.