C6 Ceramide-d7 (d18:1-d7/6:0)

C6 Ceramide-d₇ is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of short-chain ceramides, such as C2 ceramide , C6 ceramide , and C8 ceramide , by GC- or LC-MS. C6 Ceramide is a cell-permeable analog of naturally occurring ceramides. With a longer carbon chain than C2 ceramide, it is somewhat more hydrophobic, and may more closely mimic the effects of natural ceramides.¹ C6 Ceramide mediates many diverse biological activities including apoptosis, activation of protein phosphatase 2A, and inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.^1,2,3,4 It also enhances the expression of COX-2 in rat granulosa cells and stimulates the growth of bovine aortic smooth muscle cells.^5,6 C6 Ceramide acts in neuronal axons to inhibit neurite growth.⁷

1.Dobrowsky, R.T., and Hannun, Y.A.Ceramide stimulates a cytosolic protein phosphataseJ. Biol. Chem.267(8)5048-5051(1992) 2.Cai, Z., Bettaieb, A., El Mahdani, N., et al.Alteration of the sphingomyelin/ceramide pathway is associated with resistance of human breast carcinoma MCF7 cells to tumor necrosis factor-α-mediated cytotoxicityJ. Biol. Chem.272(11)6918-6926(1997) 3.Dobrowsky, R.T., Kamibayashi, C., Mumby, M.C., et al.Ceramide activates heterotrimeric protein phosphatase 2AJ. Biol. Chem.268(21)15523-15530(1993) 4.Gudz, T.I., Tserng, K.Y., and Hoppel, C.L.Direct inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III by cell-permeable ceramideJ. Biol. Chem.272(39)24154-24158(1997) 5.Santana, P., Llanes, L., Hernandez, I., et al.Interleukin-1β stimulates sphingomyelin hydrolysis in cultured granulosa cells: Evidence for a regulatory role of ceramide on progesterone and prostaglandin biosynthesisEndocrinology137(6)2480-2489(1996) 6.AugÉ, N., Andrieu, N., NÈgre-Salvayre, A., et al.The sphingomyelin-ceramide signaling pathway is involved in oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced cell proliferationJ. Biol. Chem.271(32)19251-19255(1996) 7.Posse de Chaves, E.I., BussiÈre, M., Vance, D.E., et al.Elevation of ceramide within distal neurites inhibits neurite growth in cultured rat sympathetic neuronsJ. Biol. Chem.272(4)2038-3035(1997)