Captopril Disulfide
(Synonyms: 卡托普利二硫化物,SQ 14551) 目录号 : GC43140
A metabolite and degradation product of captopril
Cas No.:64806-05-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >95.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Captopril disulfide is a metabolite and symmetrical disulfide form of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril . Captopril disulfide is the main degradation product of captopril and is formed by oxidation. It is a potential impurity in commercial preparations of captopril. Captopril disulfide inhibits angiotensin I-induced increases in mean arterial pressure in anesthetized dogs (ID50 = 0.231 mg/kg, i.v.).
| Cas No. | 64806-05-9 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 卡托普利二硫化物,SQ 14551 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(O)[C@H]1N(C([C@H](C)CSSC[C@@H](C)C(N2CCC[C@H]2C(O)=O)=O)=O)CCC1 | ||
| 分子式 | C18H28N2O6S2 | 分子量 | 432.6 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 116.67 mg/mL (269.73 mM; Need ultrasonic) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.3116 mL | 11.558 mL | 23.116 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4623 mL | 2.3116 mL | 4.6232 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2312 mL | 1.1558 mL | 2.3116 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Captopril Disulfide conjugates may act as prodrugs: disposition of the disulfide dimer of captopril in the rat
Biochem Pharmacol 1984 Nov 15;33(22):3567-71.PMID:6095854DOI:10.1016/0006-2952(84)90138-2.
The absorption and metabolism of the disulfide dimer conjugate of captopril has been studied in the rat following both oral and intravenous dosing and compared with that of the active monomer, captopril. Metabolism of the dimer to captopril has been shown after both oral and intravenous administration of the dimer (10 mg/kg) with peak plasma levels of captopril (154 ng/ml) occurring at 1 hr post dose. By contrast the peak plasma level of captopril after oral administration of captopril (10 mg/kg) at the same dose was much higher at 678 ng/ml and also occurred at 1 hr post dose. Plasma Captopril Disulfide species were much higher than the plasma levels of captopril after the administration of either dimer or captopril and tended to persist for much longer than for monomeric captopril particularly after administration of the dimer. Both the dimer and its pharmacologically active product captopril were found in relatively large amounts in lung, kidney and liver following the oral administration of the dimer.
Captopril and its dimer Captopril Disulfide: comparative structural and conformational studies
Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2015 Mar;71(Pt 3):199-203.PMID:25734850DOI:10.1107/S2053229615002582.
The crystal structures of captopril {systematic name: (2S)-1-[(2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid}, C(9)H(15)NO(3)S, (1), and its dimer disulfide metabolite, 1,1'-{disulfanediylbis[(2S)-2-methyl-1-oxopropane-3,1-diyl]}bis-L-proline, C(18)H(28)N(2)O(6)S(2), (2), were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound (1) crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), while compound (2) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1), both with one molecule per asymmetric unit. The molecular geometries of (1) and (2) are quite similar, but certain differences appear in the conformations of the five-membered proline rings and the side chains containing the sulfhydryl group. The proline ring adopts an envelope conformation in (1), while in (2) it exists in envelope and slightly deformed half-chair conformations. The conformation adopted by the side chain is extended in (1) and folded in (2). A minimum-energy conformational search using Monte Carlo methods in the aqueous phase reveals that the optimized conformations of the title compounds differ from those determined crystallographically, which depend on their immediate environment. Intermolecular O-H...O and relatively weak C-H...O interactions seem to be effective in both structures and, together with S-H...O and C-H...S contacts, they create three-dimensional networks.
The pharmacokinetics of captopril and Captopril Disulfide conjugates in uraemic patients on maintenance dialysis: comparison with patients with normal renal function
Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1987;32(3):267-71.PMID:3297733DOI:10.1007/BF00607574.
We have measured the plasma concentrations of captopril and total disulfide conjugates of captopril after a 50 mg oral dose in 6 uraemic patients on maintenance dialysis and in 8 hypertensive subjects with normal renal function. The mean peak plasma concentration of captopril was 2.5 times higher (0.447 micrograms X ml-1 vs 0.181 micrograms X ml-1) and the concentrations of the disulfides 4 times higher (3.62 micrograms X ml-1 vs 0.924 micrograms X ml-1) in the uraemic patients. Moreover Captopril Disulfide conjugates in the uraemic subjects reached peak concentrations at 8 h after the dose and subsequently felt. The apparent plasma half-time was 46 +/- 19 h. Only 15% of these conjugates were removed by dialysis. This marked accumulation of captopril conjugates was associated with a sustained fall in both systolic and diastolic blood pressures. In uraemic patients the mean maximum reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 37 +/- 7 mmHg and 24 +/- 9 mmHg respectively, occurring 6 h after the dose, compared with 8 +/- 7 and 8 +/- 1 mmHg respectively at 30 min in normal renal function patients. These results are consistent with the results of animal experiments, which show that captopril disulfides can be converted back to free captopril and can contribute to the antihypertensive effect of the drug. They provide a reationale for reducing the dose and frequency of administration of captopril in patients with significant renal impairment.
Vibrational spectroscopic studies on the disulfide formation and secondary conformational changes of captopril-HSA mixture after UV-B irradiation
Photochem Photobiol 2005 Nov-Dec;81(6):1404-10.PMID:16354113DOI:10.1562/2005-04-25-RN-497.
The effects of pH and ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation on the secondary structure of human serum albumin (HSA) in the absence or presence of captopril were investigated by an attenuated total reflection (ATR)/Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The UV-B exposure affecting the stability of captopril before and after captopril-HSA interaction was also examined by using confocal Raman microspectroscopy. The results indicate that the transparent pale-yellow solution for captopril-HSA mixture in all pH buffer solutions, except pH 5.0 approximately 7.0, changed into a viscous form then a gel form with UV-B exposure time. The secondary structural transformation of HSA in the captopril-HSA mixture with or without UV-B irradiation was found to shift the maxima amide I peak in IR spectra from 1652 cm(-1) assigned to alpha-helix structure to 1622 cm(-1) because of a beta-sheet structure, which was more evident in pH 3.0, 8.0 or 9.0 buffer solutions. The Raman shift from 1653 cm(-1) (alpha-helix) to 1670 cm(-1) (beta-sheet) also confirmed this result. Captopril dissolved in distilled water with or without UV-B irradiation was determined to form a Captopril Disulfide observed from the Raman spectra of 512 cm(-1), which was exacerbated by UV-B irradiation. There was little disulfide formation in the captopril-HSA mixture even with long-term UV-B exposure, but captopril might interact with HSA to change the protein secondary structure of HSA whether there was UV-B irradiation or not. The pH of the buffer solution and captopril-HSA interaction may play more important roles in transforming the secondary structure of HSA from alpha-helix to beta-sheet in the corresponding captopril-HSA mixture than UV-B exposure. The present study also implies that HSA has the capability to protect the instability of captopril in the course of UV-B irradiation. In addition, a partial unfolding of HSA induced by pH or captopril-HSA interaction under UV-B exposure is proposed.
Captopril and its dimer Captopril Disulfide: photodegradation, aerobic biodegradation and identification of transformation products by HPLC-UV and LC-ion trap-MS(n)
Chemosphere 2012 Aug;88(10):1170-7.PMID:22534199DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.03.064.
In some countries effluents from hospitals and households are directly emitted into open ditches without any further treatment and with very little dilution. Under such circumstances photo- and biodegradation in the environment can occur. However, these processes do not necessarily end up with the complete mineralization of a chemical. Therefore, the biodegradability of photoproduct(s) by environmental bacteria is of interest. Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of death globally. Captopril (CP) is used in this study as it is widely used in Egypt and stated as one of the essential drugs in Egypt for hypertension. Three tests from the OECD series were used for biodegradation testing: Closed Bottle test (CBT; OECD 301 D), Manometric Respirometry test (MRT; OECD 301 F) and the modified Zahn-Wellens test (ZWT; OECD 302 B). Photodegradation (150 W medium-pressure Hg-lamp) of CP was studied. Also CBT was performed for Captopril Disulfide (CPDS) and samples received after 64 min and 512 min of photolysis. The primary elimination of CP and CPDS was monitored by LC-UV at 210 nm and structures of photoproducts were assessed by LC-UV-MS/MS (ion trap). Analysis of photodegradation samples by LC-MS/MS revealed CP sulfonic acid as the major photodegradation product of CP. No biodegradation was observed for CP, CPDS and of the mixture resulting from photo-treatment after 64 min in CBT. Partial biodegradation in the CBT and MRT was observed in samples taken after 512 min photolysis and for CP itself in MRT. Complete biodegradation and mineralization of CP occurred in the ZWT.