Carbaryl
(Synonyms: 甲萘威) 目录号 : GC47036
A carbamate insecticide
Cas No.:63-25-2
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.50%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Carbaryl is a carbamate insecticide that inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE; IC50 = 13.6 nM for A. gambiae AChE2 expressed in Sf9 cells; Ki = 5.7 µM for rat brain AChE).1,2 Carbaryl administered at a dose of 30 mg/kg for 28 days in rats decreases the weight of spleen and thymus, proliferation of lymphocytes, and serum levels of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and TNF-α, and increases the serum levels of IL-4 and IL-10.3 It increases CaMKII, GAP-43, and tau protein levels in the hippocampus and tau levels in the cortex of mice 24 hours after administration of doses ranging from 0.5 to 20 mg/kg on postnatal day ten, whereas tau protein levels are decreased four months after administration with no change in CaMKII or GAP-43 compared with control mice. These effects occur at non-toxic doses where acetylcholinesterase is inhibited only during the first six hours following treatment. Formulations containing carbaryl have been used to control insects in agriculture.
1.Zhao, P., Wang, Y., and Jiang, H.Biochemical properties, expression profiles, and tissue localization of orthologous acetylcholinesterase-2 in the mosquito, Anopheles gambiaeInsect. Biochem. Mol. Biol.43(3)260-271(2013) 2.Hassan, A., Abdel-Hamid, F.M., and Bahig, M.R.E.Kinetics of inhibition of rat brain acetylcholinesterase by SevinZ. Naturforsch. B.22(5)505-507(1967) 3.Jorsaraei, S.G., Maliji, G., Azadmehr, A., et al.Immunotoxicity effects of carbaryl in vivo and in vitroEnviron. Toxicol. Pharmacol.38(3)838-844(2014)
| Cas No. | 63-25-2 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 甲萘威 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(NC)OC1=C2C(C=CC=C2)=CC=C1 | ||
| 分子式 | C12H11NO2 | 分子量 | 201.2 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 100 mg/mL (496.97 mM; Need ultrasonic) | 储存条件 | Store at RT |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 4.9702 mL | 24.8509 mL | 49.7018 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.994 mL | 4.9702 mL | 9.9404 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.497 mL | 2.4851 mL | 4.9702 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Carbaryl waste-water treatment by Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides
Chemosphere 2019 Oct;233:597-602.PMID:31195264DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.237.
Carbaryl wastewater treatment and the resource recycling of biomass as sludge by Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides (R. sphaeroides) with the assistance of starch processing wastewater (SPW) was investigated in this research. It was observed that Carbaryl was not degraded under the 100, 500 mg/L COD groups. The addition of SPW assisted R. sphaeroides to degrade Carbaryl efficiently. Carbaryl removal reached 100% after 5 days under the optimal group (3500 mg/L). Interestingly, Carbaryl in the mixed wastewater began to be degraded after day 1. Further research indicated that cehA gene was expressed after day 1. Subsequently, Carbaryl hydrolase was synthesized under gene regulation. Analysis revealed that cehA and Carbaryl hydrolase were adaptive gene expressions and enzymes. Carbaryl as stimulus signal started cehA gene expression through signal transduction pathway. This process took one day for R. sphaeroides. However, organics in 100, 500 mg/L COD groups were deficient, which could not maintain R. sphaeroides growth for over one day. Organics in SPW provided sufficient carbon sources for R. sphaeroides under other groups. The method could complete the mixed (SPW and Carbaryl) wastewater treatment, Carbaryl removal, the resource recycling of R. sphaeroides biomass as sludge simultaneously.
Environmental fate and toxicology of Carbaryl
Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 2008;196:95-121.PMID:19025094DOI:10.1007/978-0-387-78444-1_4.
Carbaryl is an agricultural and garden insecticide that controls a broad spectrum of insects. Although moderately water soluble, it neither vaporizes nor volatilizes readily. However, upon spray application the insecticide is susceptible to drift. It is unstable under alkaline conditions, thus easily hydrolyzed. Carbaryl has been detected in water at ppb concentrations but degradation is relatively rapid, with 1-naphthol identified as the major degradation product. Indirect and direct photolysis of Carbaryl produces different naphthoquinones as well as some hydroxyl substituted naphthoquinones. Sorption of the insecticide to soil is kinetically rapid. However, although both the mineral and organic fractions contribute, because of its moderate water solubility it is only minimally sorbed. Also, sorption to soil minerals strongly depends on the presence of specific exchangeable cations and increases with organic matter aromaticity and age. Soil microbes (bacteria and fungi) are capable of degrading Carbaryl; the process is more rapid in anoxic than aerobic systems and with increased temperature and moisture. Carbaryl presents a significant problem to pregnant dogs and their offspring, but some have questioned the applicability of these data to humans. In addition, for toxicokinetic and/or physiological reasons, it has been argued that dogs are more sensitive than humans to carbaryl-induced reproductive or developmental toxicity. However, these arguments are based on either older pharmacokinetic studies or on speculation about possible reproductive differences between dogs on the one hand and rats and humans on the other. In view of the wider evidence from both human epidemiological and laboratory animal studies, the question of the possible developmental and reproductive toxicity of Carbaryl should be considered open and requiring further study.
Environmental levels of Carbaryl impair zebrafish larvae behaviour: The potential role of ADRA2B and HTR2B
J Hazard Mater 2022 Jun 5;431:128563.PMID:35248961DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128563.
The insecticide Carbaryl is commonly found in indirectly exposed freshwater ecosystems at low concentrations considered safe for fish communities. In this study, we showed that after only 24 h of exposure to environmental concentrations of Carbaryl (0.066-660 ng/L), zebrafish larvae exhibit impairments in essential behaviours. Interestingly, the observed behavioural effects induced by Carbaryl were acetylcholinesterase-independent. To elucidate the molecular initiating event that resulted in the observed behavioural effects, in silico predictions were followed by in vitro validation. We identified two target proteins that potentially interacted with Carbaryl, the α2B adrenoceptor (ADRA2B) and the serotonin 2B receptor (HTR2B). Using a pharmacological approach, we then tested the hypothesis that Carbaryl had antagonistic interactions with both receptors. Similar to yohimbine and SB204741, which are prototypic antagonists of ADRA2B and HTR2B, respectively, Carbaryl increased the heart rate of zebrafish larvae. When we compared the behavioural effects of a 24-h exposure to these pharmacological antagonists with those of Carbaryl, a high degree of similarity was found. These results strongly suggest that antagonism of both ADRA2B and HTR2B is the molecular initiating event that leads to adverse outcomes in zebrafish larvae that have undergone 24 h of exposure to environmentally relevant levels of Carbaryl.
Variability in Assembly of Degradation Operons for Naphthalene and its derivative, Carbaryl, Suggests Mobilization through Horizontal Gene Transfer
Genes (Basel) 2019 Jul 27;10(8):569.PMID:31357661DOI:10.3390/genes10080569.
In the biosphere, the largest biological laboratory, increased anthropogenic activities have led microbes to evolve and adapt to the changes occurring in the environment. Compounds, specifically xenobiotics, released due to such activities persist in nature and undergo bio-magnification in the food web. Some of these compounds act as potent endocrine disrupters, mutagens or carcinogens, and therefore their removal from the environment is essential. Due to their persistence, microbial communities have evolved to metabolize them partially or completely. Diverse biochemical pathways have evolved or been assembled by exchange of genetic material (horizontal gene transfer) through various mobile genetic elements like conjugative and non-conjugative plasmids, transposons, phages and prophages, genomic islands and integrative conjugative elements. These elements provide an unlimited opportunity for genetic material to be exchanged across various genera, thus accelerating the evolution of a new xenobiotic degrading phenotype. In this article, we illustrate examples of the assembly of metabolic pathways involved in the degradation of naphthalene and its derivative, Carbaryl, which are speculated to have evolved or adapted through the above-mentioned processes.
Phytoextraction Potential of Sunn Hemp, Sunflower, and Marigold for Carbaryl Contamination: Hydroponic Experiment
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Dec 8;19(24):16482.PMID:36554374DOI:10.3390/ijerph192416482.
The phytoextraction ability and responses of sunn hemp, sunflower, and marigold plants were investigated toward Carbaryl insecticide at 10 mg L-1 and its degradative product (1-naphthol). All test plants exhibited significant Carbaryl removal capability (65-93%) with different mechanisms. Marigold had the highest translocation factor, with Carbaryl taken up, translocated and accumulated in the shoots, where it was biotransformed into 1-naphthol. Consequently, marigold had the least observable toxicity symptoms caused by Carbaryl and the highest bioconcentration factor (1848), indicating its hyperaccumulating capability. Sunflower responded to Carbaryl exposure differently, with the highest Carbaryl accumulation (8.7 mg kg-1) in roots within 4 days of cultivation, leading to a partial toxicity effect. Sunn hemp exhibited severe toxicity, having the highest Carbaryl accumulation (91.7 mg kg-1) that was biotransformed to 1-naphthol in the sunn hemp shoots. In addition, the different models were discussed on plant hormone formation in response to Carbaryl exposure.