Cefalonium
(Synonyms: 头孢洛宁) 目录号 : GC49274
A cephalosporin antibiotic
Cas No.:5575-21-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Cefalonium is a cephalosporin antibiotic.1 It is active against pooled isolates of S. aureus from the milk of lactating dairy cows with subclinical mastitis (MIC90 = 2 µg/ml). Formulations containing cefalonium have previously been used in dry cow therapy in the treatment and prevention of mastitis.
1.Moroni, P., Pisoni, G., Antonini, M., et al.Short communication: Antimicrobial drug susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus from subclinical bovine mastitis in ItalyJ. Dairy Sci.89(8)2973-2976(2006)
| Cas No. | 5575-21-3 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 头孢洛宁 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | [H][C@]12SCC(C[N+]3=CC=C(C(N)=O)C=C3)=C(C([O-])=O)N1C([C@H]2NC(CC4=CC=CS4)=O)=O | ||
| 分子式 | C20H18N4O5S2 | 分子量 | 458.5 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: 25 mg/ml,DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:10): 0.09 mg/ml | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C,protect from light |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.181 mL | 10.9051 mL | 21.8103 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4362 mL | 2.181 mL | 4.3621 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2181 mL | 1.0905 mL | 2.181 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Assessment of the Usefulness of Cefapirin and Cefalonium Disks for Susceptibility Testing of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Bovine Mastitis
Antibiotics (Basel) 2020 Apr 21;9(4):197.PMID:32326215DOI:10.3390/antibiotics9040197.
Cefapirin (CEP) and Cefalonium (CNM) are first-generation cephalosporins widely used to treat bovine mastitis caused by Gram-positive bacteria including staphylococci. However, disks for susceptibility testing of those drugs in causative bacteria are not available. This study evaluated the efficacy of 10 µg and 30 µg pilot disks of CEP (CEP10 and CEP30) and CNM (CNM10 and CNM30) against 130 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine mastitis. Scattergrams of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and zone diameters (ZDs) illustrated significant correlations between the MICs and ZDs of CEP10 (r = -0.912), CEP30 (r = -0.933), CNM10 (r = -0.847), and CNM30 (r = -0.807). The analysis by Normalized Resistance Interpretation indicated that the epidemiolocal cut-off value (ECV) of MIC for both cefapirin and Cefalonium is ≤ 0.5 µg/mL, and the ECV of ZD for CEP10, CEP30, CNM10, and CNM30 were ≥ 22 mm, ≥ 25 mm, ≥ 22 mm, and ≥ 29 mm, respectively. We believe that both 10 μg and 30 μg CEP and CNM susceptibility disks will be helpful for guiding the appropriate use of these antibiotics for bovine mastitis. Further studies toward the establishment of clinical breakpoint of CEP and CNM would be needed for their routine use.
[Determination of Cefalonium residue in milk by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]
Se Pu 2014 May;32(5):519-23.PMID:25185313DOI:10.3724/sp.j.1123.2013.12028.
An analytical method was developed for the determination of Cefalonium in milk by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). A total of 1 g milk was deproteinized by acetonitrile. The supernatant was transferred into a test tube to be blown dry with N2 at 37 degrees C. Then the residue was dissolved with methanol-0.1% formic acid in water (3:7, v/v). The sample was determined by HPLC-MS/MS after the purification. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 column using 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile as mobile phases with gradient elution. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were achieved by HPLC-MS/MS under positive ionization and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Matrix-matched calibration curve was used for the quantification. Good correlation coefficients were obtained (r > 0. 999) in the mass concentration range of 2-200 microg/L. The limit of detection (LOD, S/N > or = 3) was 0.5 microg/kg in milk, and the limit of quantification (LOQ, S/N 10) was 2 microg/kg. The mean recoveries at the four levels of LOQ, 1/2MRL (maximum residue level), MRL, 2MRL were between 78.5% and 86.2%, with the intra-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1.5% to 6.2% and inter-day RSDs of 2.9% to 5.6%. In conclusion, the established method can be applied for the determination of Cefalonium residue in milk.
Identification and quantification of multi-class veterinary drugs and their metabolites in beef using LC-MS/MS
Food Chem 2022 Jul 15;382:132313.PMID:35158273DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132313.
The practice of abusing antibiotics to improve livestock growth poses a threat to food safety. To prevent and regulate this, accurate monitoring of residual veterinary drugs (VDs) is required. A method based on QuEChERS with dispersive solid-phase extraction for the determination of multi-class VDs was investigated using selected product ions under optimized multiple reaction monitoring conditions. During the clean-up procedure, chitosan, octadecyl silica, primary-secondary amine, and enhanced matrix removal (EMR)-lipid were evaluated for simultaneous analysis of multi-class VDs in beef matrix. The EMR sorbent was most advantageous (113/115) compared to others, and showed a satisfactory recovery range (70.7-117.9%) except cefquinome (67.3%) and Cefalonium (69.8%). This methodology can be used to detect oxolinic acid and ractopamine (27.4% and 88.0% of maximum residue limit, respectively) in real beef samples. We thus study propose a simple and fast analytical method for multi-class VDs for the future health of humans and animals.
The intramammary efficacy of first generation cephalosporins against Staphylococcus aureus mastitis in mice
Vet Microbiol 2012 Nov 9;160(1-2):141-50.PMID:22677480DOI:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.05.017.
Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis in cattle causes important financial losses in the dairy industry due to lower yield and bad milk quality. Although S. aureus is susceptible to many antimicrobials in vitro, treatment often fails to cure the infected udder. Hence, comprehensive evaluation of antimicrobials against S. aureus mastitis is desirable to direct treatment strategies. The mouse mastitis model is an elegant tool to evaluate antimicrobials in vivo while circumventing the high costs associated with bovine experiments. An evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of the intramammary (imam) applied first generation cephalosporins cefalexin, Cefalonium, cefapirin and cefazolin, was performed using the S. aureus mouse mastitis model. In vivo determination of the effective dose 2log(10) (ED(2log10)), ED(4log10), protective dose 50 (PD(50)) and PD(100) in mouse mastitis studies, support that in vitro MIC data of the cephalosporins did not fully concur with the in vivo clinical outcome. Cefazolin was shown to be the most efficacious first generation cephalosporin to treat S. aureus mastitis whereas the MIC data indicate that Cefalonium and cefapirin were more active in vitro. Changing the excipient for imam application from mineral oil to miglyol 812 further improved the antimicrobial efficacy of cefazolin, confirming that the excipient can influence the in vivo efficacy. Additionally, statistical analysis of the variation of S. aureus-infected, excipient-treated mice from fourteen studies emphasizes the strength of the mouse mastitis model as a fast, cost-effective and highly reproducible screening tool to assess the efficacy of antimicrobial compounds against intramammary S. aureus infection.
Potential of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli selection in bovine feces after intramammary administration of first generation cephalosporins using in vitro experiments
Sci Rep 2022 Sep 5;12(1):15083.PMID:36065056DOI:10.1038/s41598-022-15558-z.
Selection and spread of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) -producing Enterobacteriaceae within animal production systems and potential spillover to humans is a major concern. Intramammary treatment of dairy cows with first-generation cephalosporins is a common practice and potentially selects for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, although it is unknown whether this really occurs in the bovine fecal environment. We aimed to study the potential effects of intramammary application of cephapirin (CP) and Cefalonium (CL) to select for ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in the intestinal content of treated dairy cows and in manure slurry, using in vitro competition experiments with ESBL and non-ESBL E. coli isolates. No selection of ESBL-producing E. coli was observed at or below concentrations of 0.8 µg/ml and 4.0 µg/ml in bovine feces for CP and CL, respectively, and at or below 8.0 µg/ml and 4.0 µg/ml, respectively, in manure slurry. We calculated that the maximum concentration of CP and CL after intramammary treatment with commercial products will not exceed 0.29 µg/ml in feces and 0.03 µg/ml in manure slurry. Therefore, the results of this study did not find evidence supporting the selection of ESBL-producing E. coli in bovine feces or in manure slurry after intramammary use of commercial CP or CL-containing products.