Chicoric acid
(Synonyms: 菊苣酸; Cichoric acid; Dicaffeoyltartaric acid) 目录号 : GC64993
A dicaffeoyl ester with diverse biological activities
Cas No.:6537-80-0
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Chicoric acid is a dicaffeoyl ester that has been found in C. intybus with diverse biological activities.1 Chicoric acid (50-200 μg/ml) dose-dependently reduces the viability of Caco-2 and HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells.2 It inhibits HIV integrase activities, including 3'-processing of a DNA oligonucleotide and integration with template DNA (IC50s = 1.1 and 0.8 μM, respectively).3 Chicoric acid (0.5-10 μM) noncompetitively inhibits integration of HIV DNA by HIV integrase and, at concentrations greater than or equal to 5 μM, inhibits HIV entry into H9 cells.4 Oral administration of chicoric acid (10 and 30 mg/kg) reduces hepatic lipid accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and fibrosis, inhibits production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of NF-kB, and activates the AMPK signaling pathway in a mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) induced by a methionine and choline-deficient diet.5 Chicoric acid (2 mg/kg) also reduces blood glucose levels by 54% in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.6
1.Xiao, H., Xie, G., Wang, J., et al.Chicoric acid prevents obesity by attenuating hepatic steatosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-fed miceFood Res. Int.54(1)345-353(2013) 2.Tsai, Y.-L., Chiu, C.-C., Chen, J.Y.-F., et al.Cytotoxic effects of Echinacea purpurea flower extracts and cichoric acid on human colon cancer cells through induction of apoptosisJ. Ethnaopharmacol.143(3)914-919(2012) 3.Lin, Z., Neamati, N., Zhao, H., et al.Chicoric acid analogues as HIV-1 integrase inhibitorsJ. Med. Chem.42(8)1401-1414(1999) 4.Reinke, R.A., Lee, D.J., McDougall, B.R., et al.L-chicoric acid inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integration in vivo and is a noncompetitive but reversible inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase in vitroVirology326(2)203-219(2004) 5.Kim, M., Yoo, G., Randy, A., et al.Chicoric acid attenuate a nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting key regulators of lipid metabolism, fibrosis, oxidation, and inflammation in mice with methionine and choline deficiencyMol. Nutr. Food Res.61(5)(2017) 6.Casanova, L.M., da Silva, D., Sola-Penna, M., et al.Identification of chicoric acid as a hypoglycemic agent from Ocimum gratissimum leaf extract in a biomonitoring in vivo studyFiloterapia93132-141(2014)
| Cas No. | 6537-80-0 | SDF | Download SDF |
| 别名 | 菊苣酸; Cichoric acid; Dicaffeoyltartaric acid | ||
| 分子式 | C22H18O12 | 分子量 | 474.37 |
| 溶解度 | Water : 100 mg/mL (210.81 mM; Need ultrasonic)|DMSO : 1 mg/mL (2.11 mM; Need ultrasonic) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.1081 mL | 10.5403 mL | 21.0806 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4216 mL | 2.1081 mL | 4.2161 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2108 mL | 1.054 mL | 2.1081 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Chicoric acid: Natural Occurrence, Chemical Synthesis, Biosynthesis, and Their Bioactive Effects
Front Chem 2022 Jun 23;10:888673.PMID:35815211DOI:10.3389/fchem.2022.888673.
Chicoric acid has been widely used in food, medicine, animal husbandry, and other commercial products because of its significant pharmacological activities. However, the shortage of Chicoric acid limits its further development and utilization. Currently, Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench serves as the primary natural resource of Chicoric acid, while other sources of it are poorly known. Extracting Chicoric acid from plants is the most common approach. Meanwhile, Chicoric acid levels vary in different plants as well as in the same plant from different areas and different medicinal parts, and different extraction methods. We comprehensively reviewed the information regarding the sources of Chicoric acid from plant extracts, its chemical synthesis, biosynthesis, and bioactive effects.
Chicoric acid prevents PDGF-BB-induced VSMC dedifferentiation, proliferation and migration by suppressing ROS/NFκB/mTOR/P70S6K signaling cascade
Redox Biol 2018 Apr;14:656-668.PMID:29175753DOI:10.1016/j.redox.2017.11.012.
Phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is characterized by increased expressions of VSMC synthetic markers and decreased levels of VSMC contractile markers, which is an important step for VSMC proliferation and migration during the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis. Chicoric acid (CA) is identified to exert powerful cardiovascular protective effects. However, little is known about the effects of CA on VSMC biology. Herein, in cultured VSMCs, we showed that pretreatment with CA dose-dependently suppressed platelet-derived growth factor type BB (PDGF-BB)-induced VSMC phenotypic alteration, proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, PDGF-BB-treated VSMCs exhibited higher mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and P70S6K phosphorylation, which was attenuated by CA pretreatment, diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI), reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) and nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) inhibitor Bay117082. PDGF-BB-triggered ROS production and p65-NFκB activation were inhibited by CA. In addition, both NAC and DPI abolished PDGF-BB-evoked p65-NFκB nuclear translocation, phosphorylation and degradation of Inhibitor κBα (IκBα). Of note, blockade of ROS/NFκB/mTOR/P70S6K signaling cascade prevented PDGF-BB-evoked VSMC phenotypic transformation, proliferation and migration. CA treatment prevented intimal hyperplasia and vascular remodeling in rat models of carotid artery ligation in vivo. These results suggest that CA impedes PDGF-BB-induced VSMC phenotypic switching, proliferation, migration and neointima formation via inhibition of ROS/NFκB/mTOR/P70S6K signaling cascade.
Chicoric acid Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via the AMPK/Nrf2/NF κ B Signaling Pathway and Restores Gut Microbiota in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice
Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020 Nov 3;2020:9734560.PMID:33204402DOI:10.1155/2020/9734560.
This study examines the effects of Chicoric acid (CA) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in high-fat-diet- (HFD-) fed C57BL/6 mice. CA treatment decreased body weight and white adipose weight, mitigated hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, and reduced hepatic steatosis in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, CA treatment reversed HFD-induced oxidative stress and inflammation both systemically and locally in the liver, evidenced by the decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) abundance, increased serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, lowered in situ reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the liver, decreased serum and hepatic inflammatory cytokine levels, and reduced hepatic inflammatory cell infiltration in HFD-fed mice. In addition, CA significantly reduced lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in palmitic acid- (PA-) treated HepG2 cells. In particular, we identified AMPK as an activator of Nrf2 and an inactivator of NFκB. CA upregulated AMPK phosphorylation, the nuclear protein level of Nrf2, and downregulated NFκB protein level both in HFD mice and PA-treated HepG2 cells. Notably, AMPK inhibitor compound C blocked the regulation of Nrf2 and NFκB, as well as ROS overproduction mediated by CA in PA-treated HepG2 cells, while AMPK activator AICAR mimicked the effects of CA. Similarly, Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 partly blocked the regulation of antioxidative genes and ROS overproduction by CA in PA-treated HepG2 cells. Interestingly, high-throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA suggested that CA could increase Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio and modify gut microbial composition towards a healthier microbial profile. In summary, CA plays a preventative role in the amelioration of oxidative stress and inflammation via the AMPK/Nrf2/NFκB signaling pathway and shapes gut microbiota in HFD-induced NAFLD.
Chicoric acid Attenuated Renal Tubular Injury in HFD-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease Mice through the Promotion of Mitophagy via the Nrf2/PINK/Parkin Pathway
J Agric Food Chem 2022 Mar 9;70(9):2923-2935.PMID:35195395DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07795.
As the main factor in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the excessive apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) and its underlying mechanism of action are worth further investigation. Chicoric acid (CA), a major active constituent of the Uyghur folk medicine chicory, was recorded to possess a renal protective effect. The precise effect of CA on renal tubular injury in obesity-related CKD remains unknown. In the current study, CA was proven to ameliorate metabolic disorders including overweight, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hyperuricemia in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Furthermore, the reverse effect of CA on renal histological changes and functional damage was confirmed. In vitro, the alleviation of lipid accumulation and cell apoptosis was observed in palmitic acid (PA)-exposed HK2 cells. Treatment with CA reduced mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress in the renal tubule of HFD-fed mice and PA-treated HK2 cells. Finally, CA was observed to activate the Nrf2 pathway; increase PINK and Parkin expression; and regulate LC3, SQSTM1, Mfn2, and FIS1 expression; therefore, it would improve mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy to alleviate mitochondrial damage in RTECs of obesity-related CKD. These results may provide fresh insights into the promotion of mitophagy in the prevention and alleviation of obesity-related CKD.
Chicoric acid: chemistry, distribution, and production
Front Chem 2013 Dec 31;1:40.PMID:24790967DOI:10.3389/fchem.2013.00040.
Though Chicoric acid was first identified in 1958, it was largely ignored until recent popular media coverage cited potential health beneficial properties from consuming food and dietary supplements containing this compound. To date, plants from at least 63 genera and species have been found to contain Chicoric acid, and while the compound is used as a processing quality indicator, it may also have useful health benefits. This review of Chicoric acid summarizes research findings and highlights gaps in research knowledge for investigators, industry stakeholders, and consumers alike. Additionally, Chicoric acid identification, and quantification methods, biosynthesis, processing improvements to increase Chicoric acid retention, and potential areas for future research are discussed.