Chikusetsusaponin Iva (Calenduloside F)

Chikusetsusaponin IVa is an oleanane-type triterpenoid that has been found in P. stipuleanatus and has diverse biological activities.^1,2,3 It inhibits the growth of human HL-60 leukemia and HCT116 colon cancer cells (IC₅₀s = 76.23 and 78.11 ?M, respectively).¹ Chikusetsusaponin IVa (50-200 ?g/ml) reduces LPS-induced increases in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in THP-1 macrophages differentiated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate .² It decreases plasma glucose, triglyceride, and LDL-cholesterol, and increases HDL-cholesterol, levels in a rat model of type 2 diabetes induced by streptozotocin and a high-fat diet when administered at doses ranging from 45 to 180 mg/kg.³ It also decreases malondialdehyde (MDA), and increases superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), levels in the pancreas in the same model.

1.Liang, C., Ding, Y., Nguyen, H.T., et al.Oleanane-type triterpenoids from Panax stipuleanatus and their anticancer activitiesBioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.20(23)7110-7115(2010) 2.Wang, H., Qi, J., Li, L., et al.Inhibitory effects of Chikusetsusaponin IVa on lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory responses in THP-1 cellsInt. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol.28(3)308-317(2015) 3.Wang, L., Duan, J., Jia, N., et al.IRS-2/Akt/GSK-3β/Nrf2 pathway contributes to the protective effects of Chikusetsu Saponin IVa against lipotoxicityOxid. Med. Cell. Longev.8832318(2021)