Chloroxylenol (4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol)
(Synonyms: 氯二甲酚; 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol; PCMX) 目录号 : GC33937
Chloroxylenol is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial chemical compound used to control bacteria, algae, fungi and virus.
Cas No.:88-04-0
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Chloroxylenol is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial chemical compound used to control bacteria, algae, fungi and virus.
Chloroxylenol is inactivated by hard water[1]. It is used in hospitals and households for disinfection and sanitation. It is also commonly used in antibacterial soaps, wound-cleansing applications and household antiseptics such as Dettol liquid, cream and ointments. Its antibacterial action is due to disruption of cell membrane potentials[2].
[1] A Jafari, et al. J Basic Appl Sci Res. 2013, 3(6):397-401. [2] Aly R, et al. Am J Infect Control. 1998, 16(4):173-177.
| Cas No. | 88-04-0 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 氯二甲酚; 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol; PCMX | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC1=CC(C)=C(Cl)C(C)=C1 | ||
| 分子式 | C8H9ClO | 分子量 | 156.61 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : ≥ 250 mg/mL (1596.32 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 6.3853 mL | 31.9264 mL | 63.8529 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.2771 mL | 6.3853 mL | 12.7706 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.6385 mL | 3.1926 mL | 6.3853 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Degradation of the biocide 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol in aqueous medium with ozone in combination with ultraviolet irradiation: operating conditions influence and mechanism
Chemosphere 2009 Nov;77(8):1043-51.PMID:19818989DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.09.026.
Biocides usually persist during municipal sewage treatment and are subsequently distributed into aquatic environments. To explore the capability of advanced oxidation processes for the rapid removal of biocides, we examined the total organic carbon (TOC) reduction of 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol (PCMX) with a combination of UV/O(3). Moreover, the related important parameters, including the mass transfer coefficient and light utilization efficiency, in PCMX degradation were determined. The UV/O(3) experimental results showed a pronounced synergistic effect, leading to the nearly complete elimination of TOC within 75 min. Thus, the effect of operating variables was investigated as a function of pH, ozone dosage, bulk temperature and the initial concentration of PCMX. The efficiency of PCMX mineralization increased with an increase in ozone dose up to 3.1 gh(-1), and a decrease in the initial concentration from 250 to 100mg L(-1). The optimal pH value was 4.0, and the preferred bulk temperature was 20 degrees C on the basis of the influence of temperature on reaction rate and ozone solubility. The major aromatic intermediates identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry were 2,6-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diol, 2,6-dimethylbenzo-1,4-quinone, 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)benzo-1,4-quinone, and 2,6-dimethylbenzo-1,4-aldehyde. Quantitative determination of related carboxylic acid and inorganic anions was done by ion chromatography. On the basis of the identified reaction products, a possible degradation pathway for the UV/O(3) oxidation of PCMX in aqueous media is proposed.
Enhanced activation of PMS by a novel Fenton-like composite Fe3O4/S-WO3 for rapid Chloroxylenol degradation
Chem Eng J 2022 Oct 15;446:137067.PMID:36465814DOI:10.1016/j.cej.2022.137067.
Chloroxylenol (PCMX) is widely used as disinfectant since the epidemic outbreak due to its effective killing of Covid-19 virus. Its stable chemical properties make it frequently detected in surface water. Herein, we successfully modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles with S-WO3 (X-Fe3O4/S-WO3) to accelerate the Fe2+/Fe3+ cycle. The composite has outstanding PCMX degradation and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) decomposition efficiency over a wide pH range (3.0 ∼ 9.0). 80-Fe3O4/S-WO3/PMS system not only increased PMS decomposition efficiency from 27.7% to 100.0%, but also realized an enhancement of PCMX degradation efficiency by 16 times in comparison with that of Fe3O4 alone. The catalyst utilization efficiency reached 0.3506 mmol∙g-1∙min-1 which stands out among most Fenton-like catalysts. The composite has excellent degradation ability to a variety of emerging pollutants, such as antibiotics, drugs, phenols and endocrine disrupters, and at least a 90% removal efficiency reached in 10 min. The degradation of PCMX was dominated by HO•, SO4 •- and 1O2. The degradation pathways of PCMX were analyzed in detail. The component WS2 in S-WO3 plays a co-catalytic role instead of WO3. And the exposed active W4+ surf. efficiently enhanced the Fe3+/Fe2+ cycle, thereby complete PMS decomposition and high catalytic efficiency were achieved. Our findings clarify that applying two-dimensional transition metal sulfide WS2 to modify heterogeneous Fe3O4 is a feasible strategy to improve Fenton-like reaction and provide a promising catalyst for PCMX degradation.
Effect of Triclosan and Chloroxylenol on Bacterial Membranes
J Phys Chem B 2019 Jun 27;123(25):5291-5301.PMID:31242742DOI:10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b02588.
Triclosan and Chloroxylenol are broad-spectrum biocides used extensively in healthcare and consumer products. They have been suggested to perturb the structure of bacterial membranes, but studies so far have not considered that most bacterial membranes contain large amounts of branched-chain lipids. Here, molecular dynamics simulation is used to examine the effect of the two biocides on membranes consisting of lipids with methyl-branched chains, cyclopropanated chains, and nonbranched chains. It is shown that triclosan and Chloroxylenol induced a phase transition in membranes from a liquid-crystalline to a liquid-ordered phase irrespective of the presence and nature of branching groups. At high concentration, Chloroxylenol promoted chain interdigitation. Our results suggest that triclosan and Chloroxylenol decrease the degree of fluidity of membranes and that this effect is more pronounced in bacterial membranes. As a result, their biocidal activity could be associated with a change in the function of membrane proteins.
Impact of benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride and Chloroxylenol on bacterial antimicrobial resistance
J Appl Microbiol 2022 Dec;133(6):3322-3346.PMID:35882500DOI:10.1111/jam.15739.
This review examined 3655 articles on benzalkonium chloride (BKC), benzethonium chloride (BZT) and Chloroxylenol (CHO) aiming to understand their impact on antimicrobial resistance. Following the application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, only 230 articles were retained for analysis; 212 concerned BKC, with only 18 for CHO and BZT. Seventy-eight percent of studies used MIC to measure BKC efficacy. Very few studies defined the term 'resistance' and 85% of studies defined 'resistance' as <10-fold increase (40% as low as 2-fold) in MIC. Only a few in vitro studies reported on formulated products and when they did, products performed better. In vitro studies looking at the impact of BKC exposure on bacterial resistance used either a stepwise training protocol or exposure to constant BKC concentrations. In these, BKC exposure resulted in elevated MIC or/and MBC, often associated with efflux, and at time, a change in antibiotic susceptibility profile. The clinical relevance of these findings was, however, neither reported nor addressed. Of note, several studies reported that bacterial strains with an elevated MIC or MBC remained susceptible to the in-use BKC concentration. BKC exposure was shown to reduce bacterial diversity in complex microbial microcosms, although the clinical significance of such a change has not been established. The impact of BKC exposure on the dissemination of resistant genes (notably efflux) remains speculative, although it manifests that clinical, veterinary and food isolates with elevated BKC MIC carried multiple efflux pump genes. The correlation between BKC usage and gene carriage, maintenance and dissemination has also not been established. The lack of clinical interpretation and significance in these studies does not allow to establish with certainty the role of BKC on AMR in practice. The limited literature and BZT and CHO do not allow to conclude that these will impact negatively on emerging bacterial resistance in practice.
Surgical hand antisepsis: experimental study
Ann Surg Treat Res 2018 Jul;95(1):1-6.PMID:29963533DOI:10.4174/astr.2018.95.1.1.
Purpose: Nosocomial infections account for one of the most serious complications in hospitalized patients around the world. Surgical site infections have significant economic implications, and surgical antisepsis plays an important role in such processes. Methods: With prior approval by the Institutional Review Board and informed consent, 10 volunteers were randomly assigned to 3 protocols on hand antisepsis: protocol A (Chloroxylenol 3%), protocol B (benzalkonium chloride at 1%), and protocol C (ethyl alcohol 61%, 1% chlorhexidine gluconate). Smears from both hands were cultured after each hand pro tocol (t0) and at the end of suturing (t1). Colony forming units were counted (CFUs on blood agar dishes) with digital counting software (Open CFU). Friedman test was used to compare the mean values among the groups, and a Bonferroni correction was made to determine the dissimilar group, with a P = 0.015. Results: At t0 for protocol A the CFU count was 82.8 ± 1.3; protocol B was 9.7 ± 30; protocol C was 0.1 ± 0.3 (P < 0.001). At t1 for protocol A the CFU was 80.7 ± 89.4; protocol B was 7.5 ± 32; protocol C was 0.0 ± 0.0 (P < 0.001). No adverse events were present among the subjects. Conclusion: Ethyl alcohol at 61% with 1% chlorhexidine gluconate showed higher efficacy than the traditional washing antiseptics.