Cochineal
(Synonyms: 胭脂红酸) 目录号 : GC49688
A hydroxyanthraquinone dye
Cas No.:1260-17-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >80.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Cochineal is a hydroxyanthraquinone dye originally isolated from female cochineal insects (D. coccus).1 Formulations containing cochineal have been used as color additives in food and pharmaceutical preparations.
1.Zuchelli, M., Villarruel, F.D., David-Gara, P., et al.Photophysics and photochemistry of carminic acid and related natural pigmentsPhys. Chem. Chem. Phys.22(17)9534-9542(2020)
| Cas No. | 1260-17-9 | SDF | Download SDF |
| 别名 | 胭脂红酸 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](C(C(O)=C2C(C(C3=CC(O)=C(C(C)=C3C2=O)C(O)=O)=O)=C4O)=C4O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O | ||
| 分子式 | C22H20O13 | 分子量 | 492.4 |
| 溶解度 | DMF: insol,DMSO: 2 mg/ml,Ethanol: insol,PBS (pH 7.2): 1 mg/ml | 储存条件 | -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.0309 mL | 10.1543 mL | 20.3087 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4062 mL | 2.0309 mL | 4.0617 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2031 mL | 1.0154 mL | 2.0309 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Controlled Mass Rearing of Cochineal Insect (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) Using Two Laboratory-Scale Production Systems in Peru
J Insect Sci 2022 Jan 1;22(1):1.PMID:34942006DOI:10.1093/jisesa/ieab098.
The carmine Cochineal (Dactylopius coccus Costa) has high economic value as it is a natural source of carminic acid, an organic chromophore used in a wide range of sectors including pharmaceutics, food, and cosmetics. High demand is fuelling the search for innovative production techniques in order to move away from dependence on the prickly pear, which carries a number of limitations. The aim of this study was to establish Cochineal colonies and breed and mass-produce the insects using two laboratory-scale production systems. The first system (STC-01) comprised a prismatic acrylic box with three compartments; synthetic matrices were placed vertically inside the box to provide support and a source of nutrients for the Cochineal, and the system was lit artificially during fixed daylight periods. The second system (STC-02) comprised an automated micro-tunnel allowing the insects to move towards the sunlight, containing synthetic matrices arranged horizontally. There was a significant difference in yield between the two systems in a Cochineal total life cycle of 120 d (80-90 d harvest period in both cases), with STC-01 being superior and producing a maximum yield of 4.86 ± 0.68 g fresh weight per day per square metre compared with 3.20 ± 0.14 g fresh weight per day per square metre production yield in STC-02. We conclude that Cochineal production under controlled artificial conditions is feasible and sustainable, removing the need for natural and biological support and overcoming the environmental limitations posed by traditional production methods.
Fluorescence determination of Cochineal in strawberry jam in the presence of carmoisine as a quencher by means of four-way PARAFAC decomposition
Food Chem 2019 Aug 30;290:178-186.PMID:31000035DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.113.
The determination of Cochineal (E-120) in strawberry jam was carried out in the presence of carmoisine (E-122) using the four-way PARAFAC decomposition and excitation-emission fluorescence matrices. In the measured conditions, there was no fluorescence signal for carmoisine due to a strong quenching effect and this colorant also led to a decrease of the fluorescence signal of Cochineal. The European Union has fixed a maximum residue level, MRL, for Cochineal in jam (100 mg kg-1). Therefore, the addition of other food colorant (carmoisine) in the jam could lead to false compliant decisions. The four-way PARAFAC decomposition avoided false compliant decisions caused by the quenching effect. Cochineal was unequivocally identified. Detection capability (CCβ) was 0.72 mg L-1 for probabilities of false positive and false negative fixed at 0.05. Cochineal was detected in the jam (104.63 mg kg-1) above the MRL. This amount was compared with the one obtained using a HPLC/DAD method.
Natural Dyeing of Modified Cotton Fabric with Cochineal Dye
Molecules 2022 Feb 7;27(3):1100.PMID:35164364DOI:10.3390/molecules27031100.
Natural dyes are not harmful to the environment owing to their biodegradability. For dye application to textiles, salts are necessary as mordant or electrolytes and make an environmental impact. In this paper, the influence of cationization during mercerization to the dyeing of cotton fabric with natural dye from Dactylopius coccus was researched. For this purpose, bleached cotton fabric as well as fabric cationized with Rewin OS was pre-mordanted using iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O) and dyed with natural Cochineal dye with and without electrolyte addition. For the characterization of surface changes after cationization, an electrokinetic analysis on SurPASS was performed and compared to pre-mordanting. For determination of dye exhaustion, the analysis of dye solution was performed on a UV/VIS spectrophotometer Cary 50 Solascreen. Spectrophotometric analysis was performed using a Datacolor 850 spectrophotometer, measuring remission "until tolerance" and the whiteness degree, color parameters, color depth (K/S), and colorfastness of dyed fabric were calculated. Levelness was determined by visual assessment. Cationized cotton fabrics showed better absorption and colorfastness. Pre-mordanting and cationization showed synergism. The electrolytes improved the process of dye absorption. However, when natural dyeing was performed on cotton fabric cationized during mercerization, similar chromacity, uniform color, and colorfastness were achieved with and without electrolyte, resulting in pure purple hue of Cochineal. For achieving a violet hue, pre-mordanting with Fe-salt was needed. Therefore, salt can be reduced or even unnecessary, which makes this process of natural dyeing more environmentally friendly.
Determination of Cochineal and erythrosine in cherries in syrup in the presence of quenching effect by means of excitation-emission fluorescence data and three-way PARAFAC decomposition
Talanta 2019 May 1;196:153-162.PMID:30683345DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2018.12.046.
The simultaneous determination of two food colorants (Cochineal (E-120) and erythrosine (E-127)) was achieved by means of excitation-emission fluorescence matrices and three-way PARAFAC decomposition together with the use of a calibration set that contained binary mixtures of both analytes. In the measured conditions, the amount of Cochineal present in the sample affected the fluorescence signal of erythrosine since Cochineal caused a quenching effect in the fluorescence of the other food additive. However, the signal of Cochineal was not affected by the presence of erythrosine. A calibration line for erythrosine was built for each different concentration level of Cochineal. The slopes of these regressions were different depending on the amount of quencher, whereas the intercepts were statistically equal to 0 at a 95% confidence level. The quantification of erythrosine was possible using the regression "amount of Cochineal" versus "the slope of the calibration line for erythrosine". Using this procedure, the mean of the absolute values of the relative errors in prediction for mixtures of both colorants were 5.86% (n = 10) for Cochineal and 4.17% (n = 10) for erythrosine. Both analytes were unequivocally identified by the correlation between the pure spectra and the PARAFAC excitation and emission spectral loadings. Pitted cherries in syrup were analyzed. Cochineal and erythrosine were detected in those cherries at a concentration of 185.05 mg kg-1 and 10.76 mg kg-1, respectively. These concentration values were statistically equal to the ones obtained with a HPLC/DAD method.
Analysis of biomolecules in Cochineal dyed archaeological textiles by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Sci Rep 2021 Mar 22;11(1):6560.PMID:33753838DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-86074-9.
SERS spectroscopy is successfully employed in this work to reveal different components integrating the Cochineal colorant employed for dying archaeological textile samples from the Arica Region in North Chile. This analysis was done by in-situ experiments that does not imply the material (colorant and biomolecules) extraction. The spectroscopic analysis of the archaeological textiles by SERS reveals the presence of bands attributed to carminic acid and nucleobases, mainly adenine and guanine. The identification of these biomolecules was also verified in raw Cochineal extract and in Cochineal dyed replica wool fibers fabricated by us following ancient receipts. The effect of Al on the complexation of carminic acid and other biomolecules was also tested in order to understand the changes induced by the metal interaction on the colorant structure. This study revealed that Al can also complex biomolecules existing in the Cochineal extract. In particular, guanine residue seems to interact strongly with the metal, since SERS bands of this residue are enhanced. Furthermore, a theoretical analysis on the interaction of carminic acid and a silver surface was also performed in order to better understand the interaction mechanism between carminic acid and a metal surface that leads to the final SERS spectrum. The results of the present work will be very useful in the identification of different molecules and metal complexes that may be forming part of the Cochineal colorant found in archaeological materials.