Cytochalasin B (Phomin)

Cytochalasin B is a cyto-permeable mycotoxin, and it is isolated from an ascomycete fungus belonging to the Phoma genus[1-2]. Cytochalasin B is able to inhibit the formation of actin microfilaments through a direct effect on the polymerization of the cytoskeletal protein. By binding the fast-growing end of F-actin and interacting with capping proteins, influences the nucleation-elongation of actin microfilaments[3-4].

Cytochalasin B (0.1-10 µM; 0-72 h) influenced the metabolism, proliferation, and morphology of hASCs in a dose-dependent manner, in association with progressive disorganization of actin microfilaments[5]. Cytochalasin B is capable of inducing DNA fragmentation in a number of cells lines[6]. Cytochalasin B (10-8-10-1M; 24-96 h) effectively inhibited U251 cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cytochalasin B increased the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase in a dose-dependent manner, thus increasing the mitotic index and decreasing CDC2 and cyclin B1 protein levels[7].

Cytochalasin B(Cytochalasins B was prepared in suspension form in 2% carboxymethyl cellulose 1% tween 20 (CMC/Tw); i.p.;10, 25, or 50 mg/kg; 8days ) dose-dependently increases the life expectancy of Balb/c mice bearing with P388/ADR leukemias[8].Cytochalasin B(5 µg/ml Cytochalasin B; 30 min) treatment of mouse oocytes during intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) increases embryo survival without impairment of development[9].

References:
[1]. Van Goietsenoven G, Mathieu V, et,al. In vitro growth inhibitory effects of cytochalasins and derivatives in cancer cells. Planta Med. 2011 May;77(7):711-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1250523. Epub 2010 Nov 5. PMID: 21058241.
[2]. Trendowski M. Using cytochalasins to improve current chemotherapeutic approaches. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2015;15(3):327-35. doi: 10.2174/1871520614666141016164335. PMID: 25322987; PMCID: PMC4485394.
[3]. MacLean-Fletcher S, Pollard TD. Mechanism of action of cytochalasin B on actin. Cell. 1980 Jun;20(2):329-41. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90619-4. PMID: 6893016.
[4]. Flanagan MD, Lin S. Cytochalasins block actin filament elongation by binding to high affinity sites associated with F-actin. J Biol Chem. 1980 Feb 10;255(3):835-8. PMID: 7356663.
[5]. Bianconi E, Tassinari R, et,al. Cytochalasin B Modulates Nanomechanical Patterning and Fate in Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Cells. 2022 May 12;11(10):1629. doi: 10.3390/cells11101629. PMID: 35626666; PMCID: PMC9139657.
[6]. Kolber MA, Broschat KO, et,al. Cytochalasin B induces cellular DNA fragmentation. FASEB J. 1990 Sep;4(12):3021-7. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.4.12.2394319. PMID: 2394319.
[7]. Tong ZG, Liu N, et,al. Cytochalasin B inhibits the proliferation of human glioma U251 cells through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Genet Mol Res. 2014 Dec 19;13(4):10811-22. doi: 10.4238/2014.December.19.2. PMID: 25526201.
[8]. Trendowski M, Mitchell JM, et,al. Chemotherapy with cytochalasin congeners in vitro and in vivo against murine models. Invest New Drugs. 2015 Apr;33(2):290-9. doi: 10.1007/s10637-014-0203-5. Epub 2015 Jan 7. PMID: 25563824; PMCID: PMC4387261.
[9].Hu LL, Shen XH, et,al. Cytochalasin B treatment of mouse oocytes during intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) increases embryo survival without impairment of development. Zygote. 2012 Nov;20(4):361-9. doi: 10.1017/S0967199411000438. Epub 2011 Aug 15. PMID: 21838963.

Cytochalasin B(细胞松弛素B)是一种可渗透细胞的真菌毒素,从Phoma属的子囊菌真菌中分离得到[1-2]。它能够通过直接影响细胞骨架蛋白的聚合来抑制肌动蛋白微丝的形成。通过结合F-肌动蛋白的快速生长端并与封盖蛋白相互作用,影响肌动蛋白微丝的成核伸长[3-4]。

Cytochalasin B (0.1-10 µM;0-72 h)以剂量依赖的方式影响hASCs细胞的代谢、增殖和形态,这与肌动蛋白微丝的逐渐解体有关[5]。Cytochalasin B能够在许多细胞系中诱导DNA断裂[6]。Cytochalasin B (10-8-10-1M;24-96 h)有效抑制U251细胞增殖。Cytochalasin B以剂量依赖的方式增加G2/M期细胞的比例,从而增加有丝分裂指数,降低CDC2和cyclin B1蛋白水平[7]。

Cytochalasin B (Cytochalasins B was prepared in suspension form in 2% carboxymethyl cellulose 1% tween 20 (CMC/Tw); i.p.;10, 25, or 50 mg/kg; 8days)剂量依赖性地增加P388/ADR白血病Balb/c小鼠的预期寿命[8]。对小鼠卵母细胞进行胞浆内精子注射(ICSI)期间的Cytochalasin B(5 µg/ml Cytochalasin B; 30 min) 处理增加了胚胎的存活率,而不影响发育[9]。