D-(+)-Glucose-13C6

D-(+)-Glucose-13C6 is the stable isotope labeled counterpart of D-(+)-Glucose and is mainly used as an internal standard for the quantification of D-(+)-Glucose by GC- or LC-MS measurement ^[1]. D-(+)-Glucose is a monosaccharide that exists in nature and is used as an energy source by organisms. It is the common enantiomer of L-(-)-Glucose ^[2]. D-(+)-Glucose-13C6 can be used as a metabolic tracer to track glucose-related metabolic components in animals. For example, when added to the diet of fruit flies, changes in the concentrations of 15 amino acids can be detected ^[3]. D-(+)-Glucose-13C6 can be added to cell cultures to monitor fluctuations in cellular metabolite levels ^{[4, 5]}.

References:
[1] Zhang H, Stevens R D, Young S P, et al. A convenient LC-MS method for assessment of glucose kinetics in vivo with D-[13C6] glucose as a tracer[J]. Clinical chemistry, 2009, 55(3): 527-532.
[2] Toxvaerd S. The role of carbohydrates at the origin of homochirality in biosystems[J]. Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres, 2013, 43: 391-409.
[3] Al-Khshemawee H, Agarwal M, Du B, et al. Efficacy of D-glucose-13C6 as a label for amino acid identification and quantification in Mediterranean fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)[J]. Journal of Entomological Science, 2020, 55(1): 117-125.
[4] Mehrotra P, Saquib N, Rao K V S. 13C Kinetic Labeling and Extraction of Metabolites from Adherent Mammalian Cells[J]. Bio-protocol, 2015, 5(8): e1447-e1447.
[5] Luger A L, Lorenz N I, Urban H, et al. Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor sensitizes glioblastoma cells to hypoxia-induced cell death[J]. Cancers, 2020, 12(8): 2144.

D-(+)-Glucose-13C6是D-(+)-Glucose的稳定同位素标记对应物，主要用作定量 D-(+)-Glucose的内标，通过GC-或LC-MS测量^[1]。D-(+)-Glucose是一种存在于自然界中的单糖，被生物体用作能源，是 L-(-)-Glucose葡萄糖常见的对映体^[2]。D-(+)-Glucose-13C6作为代谢示踪剂，可追踪动物体内葡萄糖相关的代谢成分，例如添加到果蝇的饮食中可以检测15种氨基酸浓度变化^[3]。D-(+)-Glucose-13C6可添加到细胞培养物中检测细胞内代谢物水平的波动^{[4, 5]}。