Diosgenin

Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, can inhibit STAT3 signaling pathway[1]. Diosgenin is an exogenous activator of Pdia3/ERp57[2].

In MC65 cells, a cellular AD model, diosgenin exhibited weak protective abilities at 1 μM, may represent a good candidate as a steroidal moiety in our bivalent compounds against AD pathology[3]. Diosgenin inhibits the constitutive activation of STAT3 in C3A cells in a dose-dependent manner, with maximum inhibition occurring at around 100 μM[1].

Diosgenin treatment significantly reduces fasted and refed blood glucose level in HF dietfed mice. Diosgenin treatment significantly reduces blood glucose level in IPGTT test, compared with that of HF diet-fed mice[4].

References:
[1]. Li F, et al. Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, inhibits STAT3 signaling pathway leading to suppression of proliferation and chemosensitization of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett. 2010 Jun 28;292(2):197-207.
[2]. Tohda C, et al. Diosgenin is an exogenous activator of 1,25D₃-MARRS/Pdia3/ERp57 and improves Alzheimer's disease pathologies in 5XFAD mice. Sci Rep. 2012;2:535.
[3]. Jeremy E. Chojnacki, et al. Bivalent ligands incorporating curcumin and diosgenin asmultifunctional compounds against Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 23 (2015) 7324–7331
[4]. Wang X, et al. Effect of diosgenin on metabolic dysfunction: Role of ERβ in the regulation of PPARγ. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2015 Dec 1;289(2):286-96.