Donecopride (fumarate hydrate)

Donecopride is a partial agonist of the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 5-HT_4E (K_i = 8.5 nM) and an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE; IC₅₀ = 16 nM).¹ It is selective for AChE over butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; IC₅₀ = 3,530 nM) but does bind to 5-HT_2B and sigma-2 (σ₂) receptors (K_i = 1.6 nM for both) in a panel of 42 neurotransmitter receptors and transporters. Donecopride induces release of soluble amyloid precursor protein-α (sAPP-α) in COS-7 cells transiently expressing 5-HT₄ with an EC₅₀ value of 11.3 nM. Oral administration of donecopride (1 mg/kg) reduces brain soluble and insoluble amyloid-β (1-42) levels and increases the time spent exploring the novel object in the novel object recognition (NOR) test in the 5XFAD transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Donecopride (3 mg/kg, p.o.) prevents a reduction in spontaneous alternation behavior induced by intracerebroventricular administration of soluble Aβ42 (sAβ42) in the Y-maze in mice.²

1.Lecoutey, C., Hedou, D., Freret, T., et al.Design of donecopride, a dual serotonin subtype 4 receptor agonist/acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with potential interest for Alzheimer's disease treatmentProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA111(36)E3825-E3830(2014) 2.Rochais, C., Lecoutey, C., Hamidouche, K., et al.Donecopride, a Swiss army knife with potential against Alzheimer's diseaseBr. J. Pharmacol.177(9)1988-2005(2020)