Efavirenz
(Synonyms: 依法韦仑; DMP 266; EFV; L-743726) 目录号 : GC12389
A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Cas No.:154598-52-4
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Efavirenz is a highly potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase with Ki value of 2.93nM [1].
Efavirenz is an antiretroviral drug approved by the FDA in 1998. It is usually used in a combination therapy with other antiretroviral drugs. Efavirenz is a potent inhibitor of both wild-type HIV-1 RT and HIV-1 variants which express series of NNRTI resistance-associated amino acid substitutions. The Ki value of efavirenz against the purified wild-type HIV-1 RT is 2.93nM. For the mutants A98G, L100I, K101G and K103N, the Ki values are 3.85nM, 17.13nM, 7.27nM and 17.6nM, respectively. Efavirenz is also a selective inhibitor of HIV-1 RT. It shows no inhibitory activity against a variety of polymerase enzymes including avian myeloblastosis virus RT, Moloney murine leukemia virus RT, human DNA polymerases and Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. In the acute infection assay, efavirenz also exerts potency with both wild-type HIV-1 RT (IC95s ranging from 1.5nM-3nM) and mutant HIV-1 RT [1, 2].
References:
[1] Young S D, Britcher S F, Tran L O, et al. L-743, 726 (DMP-266): a novel, highly potent nonnucleoside inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1995, 39(12): 2602-2605.
[2] de Béthune M P. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), their discovery, development, and use in the treatment of HIV-1 infection: a review of the last 20 years (1989–2009). Antiviral research, 2010, 85(1): 75-90.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
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Cell lines |
human glioma U-251MG (CLS 300385) and neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y (ATCC CRL-2266) cells |
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Preparation method |
The solubility of this compound in DMSO is >15.6mg/mL. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37℃ for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. |
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Reacting condition |
10 or 25μM for 1 h |
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Applications |
Incubation with efavirenz provoked a significant and concentration-dependent decrease in basal respiration and specifically in ATP production-coupled O2 consumption in both SH-SY5Y and U-251MG cells. In vehicle-treated SH-SY5Y, 66% of the basal respiration was used for ATP synthesis, but this value dropped to 52.7% with 25μM efavirenz, an effect that was even more pronounced in U-251MG cells (with values of 49.6% and 30.3%, respectively). The effect was more pronounced in the glioblastoma cells, where 25μM efavirenz induced a 57.1% reduction compared with the 39.3% seen for differentiated neuroblastoma cells. The U251-MG cells were more susceptible (SH-SY5Y cells displayed reductions of 14.2% and 51.5% whereas the corresponding values in the glioblastoma cells were 65.9% and 73.8% upon exposure to 10 and 25 uM efavirenz, respectively). Both the MRC (maximum respiratory capacity) and the SRC (respiratory control ratio) were diminished in cells treated with efavirenz. In U-251MG cells, 61.9% of the basal OCR was of mitochondrial origin and 10μM efavirenz modified this proportion, diminishing it by 10%. Efavirenz provoked a major decrease in RCR, which was again more prominent in U-251MG cells. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
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Animal models |
Male apolipoprotein E-null (ApoE-/-) mice at 6 weeks of age |
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Dosage form |
75 mg/kg/day, oral gavage, for 35 days |
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Application |
Efavirenz played a role in early vascular remodeling contributing to HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy)-induced CVD (cardiovascular disease) but may not independently contribute to late-stage atherosclerosis. 5 weeks of efavirenz treatment leaded to changes in the biomechanical behavior of the abdominal aorta, namely arterial stiffening and reduction in axial loading, but not elevated plaque coverage in ApoE-/- mouse aortas. Efavirenz did not, in fact, accelerate plaque progression. Aortas from efavirenz -treated mice demonstrated decreased compliance (i.e., increased arterial stiffness) and decreased axial force and a trend toward decreased in vivo axial stretch, but efavirenz treatment had no effect on intima-media thickness of the aortic wall or plaque coverage in thoracic aortas and aortic arches. Taken together, efavirenz leaded to arterial stiffening but, for the dose and duration tested, did not lead to elevated plaque progression in ApoE-/- mice. |
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Other notes |
Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal. |
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References: [1]. Funes HA,Blas-Garcia A,Esplugues JV., et al. Efavirenz alters mitochondrial respiratory function in cultured neuron and glial cell lines. J Antimicrob Chemother.2015 Aug;70(8):2249-54. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkv098. Epub 2015 Apr 29. [2]. Caulk AW,Soler J,Platt MO., et al. Efavirenz treatment causes arterial stiffening in apolipoprotein E-null mice. J Biomech.2015 Jul 16;48(10):2176-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.05.010. Epub 2015 May 21. | |
| Cas No. | 154598-52-4 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 依法韦仑; DMP 266; EFV; L-743726 | ||
| 化学名 | (4S)-6-chloro-4-(2-cyclopropylethynyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one | ||
| Canonical SMILES | C1CC1C#CC2(C3=C(C=CC(=C3)Cl)NC(=O)O2)C(F)(F)F | ||
| 分子式 | C14H9ClF3NO2 | 分子量 | 315.68 |
| 溶解度 | ≥ 15.55mg/mL in DMSO | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.1678 mL | 15.8388 mL | 31.6776 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6336 mL | 3.1678 mL | 6.3355 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3168 mL | 1.5839 mL | 3.1678 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet