Epibetulinic acid
(Synonyms: 表白桦脂酸) 目录号 : GC60152
Epibetulinic acid 从 Maytenus cuzcoina 的根皮和 Maytenus chiapensis 的叶子中分离出的。Epibetulinic acid 作用于用细菌内毒素刺激的小鼠巨噬细胞 (RAW 264.7),抑制 NO 和前列腺素 E2 (PGE2) 产生,IC50 分别为 0.7 和 0.6 μM。具有抗炎活性。
Cas No.:38736-77-5
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Epibetulinic acid, isolated from the root bark of Maytenus cuzcoina and the leaves of Maytenus chiapensis, exhibits potent inhibitory effects on NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) stimulated with bacterial endotoxin with IC50s of 0.7 and 0.6 μM, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity[1].
[1]. Reyes CP, et al. Activity of lupane triterpenoids from Maytenus species as inhibitors of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2. Bioorg Med Chem. 2006 Mar 1;14(5):1573-9.
Cas No. | 38736-77-5 | SDF | |
别名 | 表白桦脂酸 | ||
Canonical SMILES | CC1(C)[C@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]4([H])[C@@]5([H])[C@H](C(C)=C)CC[C@@](C(O)=O)5CC[C@](C)4[C@@](C)3CC[C@@]12[H] | ||
分子式 | C30H48O3 | 分子量 | 456.7 |
溶解度 | DMSO : 100 mg/mL (218.96 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C) | 储存条件 | |
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
1 mM | 2.1896 mL | 10.9481 mL | 21.8962 mL |
5 mM | 0.4379 mL | 2.1896 mL | 4.3792 mL |
10 mM | 0.219 mL | 1.0948 mL | 2.1896 mL |
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Herb-drug interaction between Styrax and warfarin: Molecular basis and mechanism
Phytomedicine 2020 Oct;77:153287.PMID:32739573DOI:10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153287.
Background: Styrax, one of the most famous folk medicines, has been frequently used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and skin problems in Asia and Africa. It is unclear whether Styrax or Styrax-related herbal medicines may trigger clinically relevant herb-drug interactions. Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the inhibitory effects of Styrax on human cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) and to clarify whether this herb may modulate the pharmacokinetic behavior of the CYP-substrate drug warfarin when co-administered. Study design: The inhibitory effects of Styrax on CYPs were assayed in human liver microsomes (HLM), while the pharmacokinetic interactions between Styrax and warfarin were investigated in rats. The bioactive constituents in Styrax with strong CYP3A inhibitory activity were identified and their inhibitory mechanisms were carefully investigated. Methods: The inhibitory effects of Styrax on human CYPs were assayed in vitro, while the pharmacokinetic interactions between Styrax and warfarin were studied in rats. Fingerprinting analysis of Styrax coupled with LC-TOF-MS/MS profiling and CYP inhibition assays were used to identify the constituents with strong CYP3A inhibitory activity. The inhibitory mechanism of oleanonic acid (the most potent CYP3A inhibitor occurring in Styrax) against CYP3A4 was investigated by a panel of inhibition kinetics analyses and in silico analysis. Results: In vitro assays demonstrated that Styrax extract strongly inhibited human CYP3A and moderately inhibited six other tested human CYPs, as well as potently inhibited warfarin 10-hydroxylation in liver microsomes from both humans and rats. In vivo assays demonstrated that compared with warfarin given individually in rats, Styrax (100 mg/kg) significantly prolonged the plasma half-life of warfarin by 2.3-fold and increased the AUC(0-inf) of warfarin by 2.7-fold when this herb was co-administrated with warfarin (2 mg/kg) in rats. Two LC fractions were found with strong CYP3A inhibitory activity and the major constituents in these fractions were characterized by LC-TOF-MS/MS. Five pentacyclic triterpenoid acids (including Epibetulinic acid, betulinic acid, betulonic acid, oleanonic acid and maslinic acid) present in Styrax were potent CYP3A inhibitors, and oleanonic acid was a competitive inhibitor against CYP3A-mediated testosterone 6β-hydroxylation. Conclusion: Styrax and the pentacyclic triterpenoid acids occurring in this herb strongly modulate the pharmacokinetic behavior of warfarin via inhibition of CYP3A.
Pentacyclic triterpenoid acids in Styrax as potent and highly specific inhibitors against human carboxylesterase 1A
Food Funct 2020 Oct 21;11(10):8680-8693.PMID:32940318DOI:10.1039/d0fo01732a.
Human carboxylesterase 1A1 (hCES1A) is a promising target for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and obesity-associated metabolic diseases. To date, the highly specific and efficacious hCES1A inhibitors are rarely reported. This study aims to find potent and highly specific hCES1A inhibitors from herbs, and to investigate their inhibitory mechanisms. Following large-scale screening of herbal products, Styrax was found to have the most potent hCES1A inhibition activity. After that, a practical bioactivity-guided fractionation coupling with a chemical profiling strategy was used to identify the fractions from Styrax with strong hCES1A inhibition activity and the major constituents in these bioactive fractions were characterized by LC-TOF-MS/MS. The results demonstrated that seven pentacyclic triterpenoid acids (PTAs) in two bioactive fractions from Styrax potently inhibit hCES1A, with IC50 values ranging from 41 nM to 478 nM. Among all the identified PTAs, Epibetulinic acid showed the most potent inhibition activity and excellent specificity towards hCES1A. Both inhibition kinetic analyses and in silico analysis suggested that Epibetulinic acid potently inhibited hCES1A in a mixed inhibition manner. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that some PTAs in Styrax are potent and highly specific inhibitors of hCES1A and these constituents can be used as promising lead compounds for the development of more efficacious hCES1A inhibitors.
Oleanane triterpenes from Junellia tridens
J Nat Prod 2000 Dec;63(12):1611-4.PMID:11141098DOI:10.1021/np0002233.
Three novel triterpenes, 3,4-seco-olean-12-ene-3,28-dioic acid (4), 3alpha-hydroxyolean-11-en-28,13beta-olide (5), and 3alpha-hydroxyoleane-11:13(18)-dien-28-oic acid (6), were isolated from the aerial parts of the Argentinean shrub, Junellia tridens. Another five compounds-oleanolic (1), oleanonic (2), and epioleanolic acids (3), all biosynthetically related to the three new oleananes, and Epibetulinic acid (7) and sitosterol (8)-were also isolated. Structures were elucidated primarily by 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectrometry, and all protons and carbons of the three novel compounds were fully assigned by NMR. We report the minimum inhibitory concentrations of these compounds against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and conclude that they are responsible for antitubercular activity originally observed in the crude plant extract. LC-MS data is provided on the occurrence of triterpenes 1-6 in six other species of Junellia.
Activity of lupane triterpenoids from Maytenus species as inhibitors of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2
Bioorg Med Chem 2006 Mar 1;14(5):1573-9.PMID:16337130DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2005.10.063.
In the present study, we report that three new lupane triterpenes (1-3), in addition to 16 known ones (4-19), were isolated from the root bark of Maytenus cuzcoina and the leaves of Maytenus chiapensis. Their structures were elucidated by spectral analysis, including homonuclear and heteronuclear correlation NMR experiments (COSY, ROESY, HSQC, and HMBC). The natural compounds and derivatives 6a, 6b, 9a, and 9b have been tested for potential anti-inflammatory activity, and several compounds including 3-epicalenduladiol (2), 11alpha-hydroxy-glochidone (3), rigidenol (6), acetoxy-rigidenol (6a), 11alpha-acetoxy-30-chloro-3-oxo-lup-20(29)-ene (6b), betulin (9), 28-acetoxy-betulin (9a), epibetulin (12), Epibetulinic acid (13), and betulonic acid (16) exhibited potent inhibitory effects on NO and prostaglandin E(2) production in mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) stimulated with bacterial endotoxin. The structure-activity relationship is discussed in detail.