Ethyl linolenate
(Synonyms: 亚麻酸乙酯) 目录号 : GC63822
An esterified form of α-linolenic acid
Cas No.:1191-41-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
α-Linolenic acid ethyl ester is an esterified form of α-linolenic acid . It increases cyclin E levels and the activity of Cdk2/cyclin E, ERK, and JNK in hepatic stellate cells when used at a concentration of 50 μM.1 α-Linolenic acid ethyl ester (25 μg/ml) inhibits the growth of S. mutans, C. albicans, and P. gingivalis by 98, 72, and 92%, respectively, in vitro.2 It has been found in biodiesel produced from castor oil using ethanol.3 α-Linolenic acid ethyl ester has been used as a substrate in lipid peroxidation assays for antioxidant activity.4
1.Li, J., Hu, W., Baldassare, J.J., et al.The ethanol metabolite, linolenic acid ethyl ester, stimulates mitogen-activated protein kinase and cyclin signaling in hepatic stellate cellsLife Sci.73(9)1083-1096(2003) 2.Huang, C.B., and Ebersole, J.L.A novel bioactivity of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their ester derivativesMol. Oral Microbiol.25(1)75-80(2010) 3.Concei??o, M.M., Fernandes, V.J., Jr., Bezerra, A.F., et al.Dynamic kinetic calculation of castor oil biodieselJ. Therm. Anal. Calorim.87(3)865-869(2007) 4.Miyake, T., and Shibamoto, T.Antioxidative activities of natural compounds found in plantsJ. Agric. Food Chem.45(5)1819-1822(1997)
| Cas No. | 1191-41-9 | SDF | Download SDF |
| 别名 | 亚麻酸乙酯 | ||
| 分子式 | C20H34O2 | 分子量 | 306.48 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 100 mg/mL (326.29 mM; Need ultrasonic) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C, stored under nitrogen |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.2629 mL | 16.3143 mL | 32.6286 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6526 mL | 3.2629 mL | 6.5257 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3263 mL | 1.6314 mL | 3.2629 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Ethyl linolenate is elevated in meconium of very-low-birth-weight neonates exposed to alcohol in utero
Pediatr Res 2017 Mar;81(3):461-467.PMID:27828937DOI:10.1038/pr.2016.237.
Background: The health implications of in utero alcohol exposure have been difficult to study in very-low-birth-weight newborns (VLBW) because of an inability to identify maternal alcohol exposure. Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) are elevated in meconium of alcohol-exposed term newborns. We hypothesized that meconium FAEEs would be similarly elevated in alcohol-exposed VLBW premature newborns. Methods: In a retrospective cohort study of 64 VLBW neonates, newborns were classified into Non-Exposed, Any Exposure, or Weekly Exposure groups based on an in-depth structured maternal interview. Meconium FAEE concentrations were quantified via gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Results: Alcohol exposure during Trimester 1 (Any Exposure) occurred in ~30% of the pregnancies, while 11% of the subjects reported drinking ≥ 1 drink/week (Weekly Exposure). Meconium Ethyl linolenate was higher in Any Exposure (P = 0.01) and Weekly Exposure groups (P = 0.005) compared to the Non-Exposed VLBW group. There was a significant positive correlation between Trimester 1 drinking amounts and the concentration of meconium Ethyl linolenate (P = 0.005). Adjusted receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves evaluating Ethyl linolenate to identify alcohol-exposed VLBW newborns generated areas under the curve of 88% with sensitivities of 86-89% and specificities of 83-88%. Conclusion: Despite prematurity, meconium FAEEs hold promise to identify the alcohol-exposed VLBW newborn.
Association of fatty acid ethyl esters in meconium with behavior during childhood
Drug Alcohol Depend 2021 Jan 1;218:108437.PMID:33257196DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108437.
Objective: To examine associations between amounts of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) in meconium and behavior in school aged children exposed to alcohol and drugs in utero. Methods: A secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of cocaine, polydrug exposed children, primarily African-American, low socioeconomic status, recruited at birth into a longitudinal study. FAEEs were quantified with gas chromatography via a flame ionization detector. Meconium was analyzed for FAEEs for 216 newborns of whom 194 were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) at ages 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, and 12. Generalized estimating equation analyses were used to assess the relationship of quantity of FAEEs to outcomes, controlling for maternal psychological distress. Results: Higher concentrations of FAEEs (ethyl myristate, ethyl palmitate, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate, and Ethyl linolenate) were associated with caregiver reported aggressive and/or delinquent behavior at ages 10 and 12. After control for caregiver psychological distress, and age, significant (p < 0.05) FAEE by age interactions were found for ethyl myristate for aggression and for ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate and Ethyl linolenate for delinquency. Thus, higher concentrations of FAEE were related to more caregiver reported aggressive and delinquent behaviors of clinical significance at ages 10 and 12. Conclusion: Higher concentrations of FAEEs in meconium are potential markers for children at risk for aggressive and delinquent behaviors related to the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure.
Fatty acid ethyl esters in meconium: A biomarker of fetal alcohol exposure and effect
Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021 Feb;246(4):380-386.PMID:33210553DOI:10.1177/1535370220971562.
To determine if meconium fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) in rat pups is a good biomarker of prenatal exposure and effect to alcohol, three groups of pregnant rats were studied: one control (pair fed) and two treatment groups given 25% alcohol at 2.2 or 5.5 g-1 kg-1 d-1. The pups were delivered on day 20 and, for each dam, were separated into a male and female group. The body, brain, intestines, and placenta of the pups were obtained, weighed, and stored at -20°C. The pups' intestines (as surrogate of meconium) from each group were pooled, and meconium was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy for FAEE. The meconium showed the following FAEE: ethyl palmitate, ethyl stearate, and Ethyl linolenate and were only found in the alcohol-treated group and with high specificity but low sensitivity. Mean body weight of the pups was lower in the treatment groups compared to the control groups. Ethyl palmitate concentration correlated negatively to the pups' mean body and brain weights. Therefore, ethyl palmitate, stearate, and linolenate, in meconium of rat pups prenatally exposed to alcohol, are useful biomarkers of prenatal alcohol exposure, with ethyl palmitate a good biomarker of adverse effect on the pups' body and brain weight.
Fatty acid ethyl esters in meconium and substance use in adolescence
Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021 Jan-Feb;83:106946.PMID:33340653DOI:10.1016/j.ntt.2020.106946.
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) continues to be a serious public health problem, yet no reliable clinical tools are available for assessing levels of drinking during pregnancy. Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs), the nonoxidative metabolites of ethanol measured in meconium, are potential biomarkers to quantify the level of PAE. The association between the concentrations of FAEEs from meconium and adolescent substance use and related problems was examined in a prospective birth-cohort of adolescents exposed to alcohol and drugs in utero. FAEEs were quantified with gas chromatography via a flame ionization detector. Meconium was analyzed for FAEEs in 216 newborns; 183 of them (81 boys, 102 girls) were assessed at age 15 for alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use using biologic assays and self-report. Substance use problems were assessed using the Problem Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers. Findings from multivariable logistic regression analyses indicated that, after controlling for other prenatal drug exposure and covariates, higher concentrations of FAEEs (ethyl myristate, ethyl palmitate, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate, Ethyl linolenate, and ethyl arachidonate) were related to a greater likelihood of marijuana use and experiencing substance use problems, but not tobacco or alcohol use, at age 15. Elevated levels of FAEEs in meconium may be promising markers for PAE, identifying newborns at risk for early substance use and developing substance use problems.
Fatty acid ethyl esters in meconium: are they biomarkers of fetal alcohol exposure and effect?
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2006 Jul;30(7):1152-9.PMID:16792562DOI:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00131.x.
Background: Biomarkers of fetal exposure to alcohol are important to establish so that early detection and intervention can be made on these infants to prevent undesirable outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyze long-chain fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) in meconium as potential biomarkers of fetal alcohol exposure and effect. Methods: Fatty acid ethyl esters were analyzed in the meconium of 124 singleton infants by positive chemical ionization gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and correlated to maternal ethanol use. Results: A total of 124 mother/infant dyads were enrolled in the study: 31 were in the control group and 93 were in the alcohol-exposed group. The incidence (28% vs 9.7%, p = 0.037) of ethyl linoleate detected in meconium was significantly higher in the alcohol-exposed groups than the control groups. Similarly, when the concentrations of ethyl linoleate in meconium were grouped (trichotomized), there was a significant linear by linear association between alcohol exposure and group concentrations of ethyl linoleate (p = 0.013). Furthermore, only alcohol-exposed infants were found in the group with the highest ethyl linoleate concentration. The sensitivity of ethyl linoleate in detecting prenatal alcohol exposure was only 26.9%, and its specificity and positive predictive value were 96.8 and 96.2%, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the concentration of ethyl linoleate in meconium and absolute alcohol consumed (oz) per drinking day across pregnancy, although a trend toward a positive correlation is seen at lower amounts of alcohol consumed. Among the polyunsaturated, long-chain FAEEs, there was weak evidence that the incidence (21.5% vs 6.5%, p = 0.057) and concentration (p = 0.064) of ethyl arachidonate (AA) were significantly higher in the alcohol-exposed groups than the control groups. Ethyl linolenate and ethyl docosahexanoate (DHA) in meconium were found only in the alcohol group, although not at statistically significant levels. Highly significant correlations were found among the concentrations of ethyl linoleate, Ethyl linolenate, ethyl AA, and ethyl DHA in meconium (correlations ranged between rs = 0.203, p = 0.024; and rs = 0.594, p < 0.001). Conclusion: We conclude that FAEEs in meconium, particularly ethyl linoleate and ethyl AA, are biomarkers of high specificity for prenatal exposure to alcohol in newborn infants. We also propose that ethyl AA and DHA could be potential biomarkers of fetal alcohol effects on the developing fetal brain and should be investigated further.