Fervenulin
(Synonyms: 热诚菌素) 目录号 : GC48936
A bacterial metabolite with nematocidal activity
Cas No.:483-57-8
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >95.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Fervenulin is a bacterial metabolite originally isolated from Streptomyces that has nematocidal activity.1,2 It inhibits egg hatching of the root-knot nematode M. incognita (MIC = 30 µg/ml), as well as induces mortality in M. incognita second-stage juveniles when used at a concentration of 250 µg/ml.2
1.DeBoer, C., Dietz, A., Evans, J.S., et al.Fervenulin, a new crystalline antibiotic. I. Discovery and biological activitiesAntibiot Annu.7220-226(1960) 2.Ruanpanun, P., Laatsch, H., Tangchitsomkid, N., et al.Nematicidal activity of fervenulin isolated from a nematicidal actinomycete, Streptomyces sp. CMU-MH021, on Meloidogyne incognitaWorld J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.27(6)1373-1380(2011)
| Cas No. | 483-57-8 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 热诚菌素 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C1C2=NC=NN=C2N(C)C(N1C)=O | ||
| 分子式 | C7H7N5O2 | 分子量 | 193.2 |
| 溶解度 | 储存条件 | -20°C | |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 5.176 mL | 25.8799 mL | 51.7598 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.0352 mL | 5.176 mL | 10.352 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.5176 mL | 2.588 mL | 5.176 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Determination of bacterial toxin toxoflavin and Fervenulin in food and identification of their degradation products
Food Chem 2023 Jan 15;399:134010.PMID:36058099DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134010.
A method using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed for the determination of toxoflavin and Fervenulin in 6 types of food.The limits of detection (LODs, S/N ≥ 3) of toxoflavin and Fervenulin reached 12 µg/kg and 24 µg/kg, respectively.The recoveries ranged from 70.1 % to 108.7 %.Intra-day RSDs (n = 5) and inter-day RSDs (n = 3) ranged from 0.9 % to 9.5 %.The method was successfully applied to analyse 36 samples, and one Tremella fuciformis Berk. sample was found with 7.5 mg/kg toxoflavin and 3.2 mg/kg Fervenulin. Toxoflavin and Fervenulin were acidic compounds and easily degraded in 0.1 % ammonia solution (v/v),degradation products were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS).
Characterization of the N-methyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of toxoflavin, Fervenulin and reumycin from Streptomyces hiroshimensis ATCC53615
Org Biomol Chem 2019 Jan 16;17(3):477-481.PMID:30565634DOI:10.1039/c8ob02847h.
Toxoflavin (1), Fervenulin (2), and reumycin (3), known to be produced by plant pathogen Burkholderia glumae BGR1, are structurally related 7-azapteridine antibiotics. Previous biosynthetic studies revealed that N-methyltransferase ToxA from B. glumae BGR1 catalyzed the sequential methylation at N6 and N1 in pyrimido[5,4-e]-as-triazine-5,7(6H,8H)-dione (4) to generate 1. However, the N8 methylation of 4 in the biosynthesis of Fervenulin remains unclear. To explore the N-methyltransferases required for the biosynthesis of 1 and 2, we identified and characterized the Fervenulin and toxoflavin biosynthetic gene clusters in S. hiroshimensis ATCC53615. On the basis of the structures of intermediates accumulated from the four N-methyltransferase gene inactivation mutants and systematic enzymatic methylation reactions, the tailoring steps for the methylation order in the biosynthesis of 1 and 2 were proposed. The N-methylation order and routes for the biosynthesis of Fervenulin and toxoflavin in S. hiroshimensis are more complex and represent an obvious departure from those in B. glumae BGR1.
Nematicidal activity of Fervenulin isolated from a nematicidal actinomycete, Streptomyces sp. CMU-MH021, on Meloidogyne incognita
World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2011 Jun;27(6):1373-80.PMID:21841897DOI:10.1007/s11274-010-0588-z.
An isolate of the actinomycete, Streptomyces sp. CMU-MH021 produced secondary metabolites that inhibited egg hatch and increased juvenile mortality of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in vitro. 16S rDNA gene sequencing showed that the isolate sequence was 99% identical to Streptomyces roseoverticillatus. The culture filtrates form different culture media were tested for nematocidal activity. The maximal activity against M. incognita was obtained by using modified basal (MB) medium. The nematicidal assay-directed fractionation of the culture broth delivered Fervenulin (1) and isocoumarin (2). Fervenulin, a low molecular weight compound, shows a broad range of biological activities. However, nematicidal activity of Fervenulin was not previously reported. The nematicidal activity of Fervenulin (1) was assessed using the broth microdilution technique. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the compound against egg hatch of M. incognita was 30 μg/ml and juvenile mortality of M. incognita increasing was observed at 120 μg/ml. Moreover, at the concentration of 250 μg/ml Fervenulin (1) showed killing effect on second-stage nematode juveniles of M. incognita up to 100% after incubation for 96 h. Isocoumarin (2), another bioactive compound produced by Streptomyces sp. CMU-MH021, showed weak nematicidal activity with M. incognita.
Synthesis and properties of mesoionic pyrimido[1,2-b-a1pyridazine-2,4-diones and mesoionic pyridazino[2,3-a-a1-s-trizine-2,4-diones: mesoionic analogs structurally related to Fervenulin
J Pharm Sci 1976 Oct;65(10):1505-10.PMID:789854DOI:10.1002/jps.2600651022.
Derivatives of two new and unusual classes of heterocycles, possessing structural similarities to the broad spectrum antibiotic Fervenulin, were synthesized and examined for in vitro antimicrobial activity. Only three of 17 mesoionic pyrimido[1,2-b]pyridazine-2,4-diones exhibited evidence of antimicrobial activity while seven of eight mesoionic pyridazino[2,3-a]-s-triazine-2,4-diones were active against one or more microorganisms. Susceptibility toward attack by nucleophiles of both mesoionic pyridazino[2,3-a]-s-triazine-2,4-diones and Fervenulin was observed.
[X-ray structural study of the pyrimido-[5,4-e]-1,2,4-triazine antibiotics xanthothricin and Fervenulin]
Antibiot Med Biotekhnol 1986 Mar;31(3):181-4.PMID:3717915doi
The structures of xanthothricin (I) and Fervenulin (II), pyrimido-[5,4-e]-1,2,4-triazine antibiotics were determined by x-ray analysis. The crystals of I and II are monoclinic: a 9.667(6), 18.270(7), b 14.029(9), 5.723(2), c 6.914(3), 18.058(7) A, beta 116.47(3), 118.90(2) degrees, Z 4,8; space group P21/c. Analysis of bond length distribution in I and II was indicative of significant alternation of the double and ordinary bonds.