Fumonisin B1

Fumonisin B1 is a mycotoxin produced from F. moniliforme, a prevalent fungus of corn and other grains. Outbreaks of food poisoning in livestock and humans following the consumption of Fusarium infested corn are caused by fumonisins.[1] It functions as an inhibitor of ceramide synthase (sphingosine N-acyltransferase).[2] Fumonisin B1 attenuates the response of P388D1 cells to PAF and LPS by inhibiting ceramide formation.[3] It also blocks the apoptotic response of HaCaT cells to the antiproliferative drug hexadecylphosphocholine, again through inhibition of ceramide production.[4] Incubation of Swiss 3T3 cells with fumonisin B1 results in both an altered cell morphology due to disruption of axonal growth and a decrease in cell proliferation.[5]

伏马菌素 B1 是一种霉菌毒素，由念珠状镰刀菌（玉米和其他谷物的一种常见真菌）产生。食用被镰刀菌侵染的玉米后，牲畜和人类爆发的食物中毒是由伏马菌素引起的。 [1]它作为神经酰胺合成酶（鞘氨醇 N-酰基转移酶）的抑制剂发挥作用。 [2]伏马菌素 B1 通过抑制神经酰胺形成减弱 P388D1 细胞对 PAF 和 LPS 的反应。 [3]它还通过抑制神经酰胺的产生，阻止 HaCaT 细胞对抗增殖药物十六烷基磷酸胆碱的凋亡反应。 [4]将 Swiss 3T3 细胞与伏马菌素 B1 一起孵育会因轴突生长中断和细胞增殖减少而导致细胞形态发生改变。[5]

Reference:
[1]. Gelderblom, W.C.A., Jaskiewicz, K., Marasas, W.F.O., et al. Fumonisins - novel mycotoxins with cancer-promoting activity produced by Fusarium moniliforme. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 54, 1806-1811 (1988).
[2]. Wang, E., Norred, W.P., Bacon, C.W., et al. Inhibition of sphingolipid biosynthesis by fumonisins. Implications for diseases associated with Fusarium moniliforme. J. Biol. Chem. 266(22), 14486-14490 (1991).
[3]. Balsinde, J., Balboa, M.A., and Dennis, E.A. Inflammatory activation of arachidonic acid signaling in murine P388D1 macrophages via sphingomyelin synthesis. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 272, 20373-20377 (1997).
[4]. Wieder, T., Orfanos, C.E., and Geilen, C.C. Induction of ceramide-mediated apoptosis by the anticancer phospholipid analog, hexadecylphosphocholine. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 273, 11025-11031 (1998).
[5]. Meivar-Levy, I., Sbanay, H., Bershadsky, A.D., et al. The role of sphingolipids in the maintenance of fibroblast morphology. The inhibition of protrusional activity, cell spreading, and cytokinesis induced by fumonisin B1 can be reversed by ganglioside GM3. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 272, 1558-1564 (1997).