Spexin
(Synonyms: Neuropeptide Q) 目录号 : GA23511
Spexin是一种保守的肽，起神经递质/神经调节剂和内分泌因子的作用。
Cas No.:1370290-58-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Spexin is a conserved peptide that functions as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator and endocrine factor[1]. Spexin is a pleiotropic neuropeptide that can participate in the regulation of anxiety[2]. Spexin can regulate the lipogenesis and lipolysis processes in adipocytes, regulate insulin secretion, and also has cardioprotective properties[3, 4].
In vitro, INS-1E cells were treated with Spexin (1, 10, 100, 1000nM) for 1.5h. At 16mM glucose level, Spexin reduced the insulin secretion of cells, increased cell viability and proliferation, and increased the level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein[5]. Spexin (1μM) treatment of C2C12 cells for 24h promoted cell proliferation and differentiation[6].
In vivo, Spexin (50μg/kg/day) was treated by subcutaneous injection in high-fat diet rats for 8 weeks, which significantly reduced the body weight of rats and reduced the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value[7].
References:
[1] Porzionato A, Rucinski M, Macchi V, et al. Spexin expression in normal rat tissues[J]. Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 2010, 58(9): 825-837.
[2] Zhuang M, Lai Q, Yang C, et al. Spexin as an anxiety regulator in mouse hippocampus: Mechanisms for transcriptional regulation of spexin gene expression by corticotropin releasing factor[J]. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2020, 525(2): 326-333.
[3] Engin A. Adiponectin Resistance in Obesity: Adiponectin Leptin/Insulin Interaction[J]. Obesity and Lipotoxicity, 2024: 431-462.
[4] Ou W, Liu H, Chen C, et al. Spexin inhibits excessive autophagy‐induced ferroptosis to alleviate doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity by upregulating Beclin 1[J]. British Journal of Pharmacology, 2024, 181(21): 4195-4213.
[5] Sassek M, Kolodziejski P A, Strowski M Z, et al. Spexin modulates functions of rat endocrine pancreatic cells[J]. Pancreas, 2018, 47(7): 904-909.
[6] Leciejewska N, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Mielnik K, et al. Spexin Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of C2C12 Cells In Vitro—The Effect of Exercise on SPX and SPX Receptor Expression in Skeletal Muscle In Vivo[J]. Genes, 2021, 13(1): 81.
[7] Gu L, Ding X, Wang Y, et al. Spexin alleviates insulin resistance and inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis via the FoxO1/PGC-1α pathway in high-fat-diet-induced rats and insulin resistant cells[J]. International journal of biological sciences, 2019, 15(13): 2815.
Spexin是一种保守的肽，起神经递质/神经调节剂和内分泌因子的作用[1]。Spexin是一种具有多效性的神经肽，可以参与焦虑调节[2]。Spexin能够调节脂肪细胞中的脂肪生成和脂肪分解过程，调节胰岛素分泌，还具有心脏保护特性[3, 4]。
在体外，Spexin（1, 10, 100, 1000nM）处理INS-1E细胞1.5h，在16mM葡萄糖水平下，Spexin减少了细胞的胰岛素分泌，增加了细胞活力和增殖，升高了增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）蛋白水平[5]。Spexin（1μM）处理C2C12细胞24h，促进了细胞的增殖和分化[6]。
在体内，Spexin（50μg/kg/day）通过皮下注射治疗高脂饮食大鼠8周，显著减轻了大鼠体重，降低了稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）值[7]。
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
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Cell lines |
INS-1E cells |
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Preparation Method |
One hour before the experiments, buffer was changed to a fresh one without glucose to equalize the metabolism and allow sensitization to glucose. Then, the buffer was changed once again to a buffer with glucose (6 or 16mM) and an appropriate concentration of Spexin (1, 10, 100, and 1000nM). Secretion of insulin was measured with a Rat Insulin RIA Kit in Krebs-Ringer buffer after 1.5h of incubation. |
|
Reaction Conditions |
1, 10, 100, 1000nM; 1.5h |
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Applications |
Insulin secretion from cultured cells was reduced by Spexin at 16mM glucose level. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
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Animal models |
Sprague-Dawley rats |
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Preparation Method |
The animals were randomly assigned to either the control group or HFD intervention group. The control group was fed with regular rat chow (62% carbohydrate, 27% protein, and 11% fat), while the HFD group was provided with the HFD (45% carbohydrate, 20% protein, and 35% fat). The rats in the control group were assigned either to treat with PBS or Spexin. The HFD rats were also assigned to one of the two treatments: the PBS-treated group or the Spexin-treated group. The Spexin intervention was initiated at 18 weeks of age and continued for 8 weeks. Spexin was administered by subcutaneous injection at a dose of 50μg/kg/day. |
|
Dosage form |
50μg/kg/day for 8 weeks; s.c. |
|
Applications |
Exogenous Spexin treatment resulted in weight loss and decrease of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced rats. |
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References: |
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| Cas No. | 1370290-58-6 | SDF | |
| 别名 | Neuropeptide Q | ||
| 分子式 | C74H114N20O19S | 分子量 | 1619.91 |
| 溶解度 | H2O : 25 mg/mL (15.43 mM; Need ultrasonic) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 0.6173 mL | 3.0866 mL | 6.1732 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.1235 mL | 0.6173 mL | 1.2346 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.0617 mL | 0.3087 mL | 0.6173 mL |
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| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
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| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
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1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00%
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