(+)-Gallocatechin

(+)-Gallocatechin is a polyphenol and flavonoid that has been isolated from the leaves of tea plants and has diverse biological activities. [1] [2] [3]  It inhibits the adherence of P. gingivalis onto human buccal epithelial cells by more than 50% when used at a concentration of 250 μg/ml. (+)-Gallocatechin has antimutagenic properties in UV-irradiated E. coli cells. [2]  It inhibits cell death induced by D-galactosamine and TNF-α in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes by 29.9% when used at a concentration of 80 μM. [3] (+)-Gallocatechin (100 μM) inhibits HCT116 colorectal cancer cell proliferation by 57%.[1]

Reference:
[1]. Du, G.J., Zhang, Z., Wen, X.D., et al. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the most effective cancer chemopreventive polyphenol in green tea. Nutrients 4(11), 1679-1691 (2012).
[2]. Matsuo, T., Hanamure, N., Shimoi, K., et al. Identification of (+)-gallocatechin as a bio-antimutagenic compound in Psidium guava leaves. Phytochemistry 36(4), 1027-1029 (1994).
[3]. Xiong, Q., Fan, W., Tezuka, Y., et al. Hepatoprotective effect of Apocynum venetum and its active constituents. Planta Med. 66(2), 127-133 (2000).
[4]. Sakanaka, S., Aizawa, M., Kim, M., et al. Inhibitory effects of green tea polyphenols on growth and cellular adherence of an oral bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 60(5), 745-749 (1996).