14-Deoxyandrographolide

14-Deoxyandrographolide is a diterpene lactone that has been found in A. paniculata and has diverse biological activities, including anticancer, hepatoprotective, antioxidative, and antidiabetic properties.¹,²,³,⁴ It inhibits the growth of HL-60 cells with a GI₅₀ value of 25.46 ?M and is cytotoxic to T47D cells (EC₅₀ = 2.8 ?g/ml) but not HepG2 or NCI H23 cells (EC₅₀s = 28.3 and 26.4 ?g/ml, respectively).¹,² 14-Deoxyandrographolide (10 and 25 ?M) increases AMPK phosphorylation and glucose uptake in L6 myotubes and potentiates the effect of insulin to increase cell surface levels of GLUT4 in L6-GLUT4myc cells.⁴ It reduces blood glucose levels in rats in a model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and in db/db diabetic mice when administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg. 14-Deoxyandrographolide reduces ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats when administered at a dose of 15 mg/kg per day for the last four weeks of an eight-week ethanol exposure period.³ It also reduces protein carbonyl and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels and increases total glutathione (GSH) levels in isolated rat hepatocytes in the same model.

1.Chen, L., Zhu, H., Wang, R., et al.ent-Labdane diterpenoid lactone stereoisomers from Andrographis paniculataJ. Nat. Prod.71(5)852-855(2008) 2.Tan, M.L., Kuroyanagi, M., Sulaiman, S.F., et al.Cytotoxic Activities of Major Diterpenoid Constituents of Andrographis paniculata. in a Panel of Human Tumor Cell LinesPharmaceutical Biology43(6)501-508(2008) 3.Mandal, S., Nelson, V.K., Mukhopadhyay, S., et al.14-Deoxyandrographolide targets adenylate cyclase and prevents ethanol-induced liver injury through constitutive NOS dependent reduced redox signaling in ratsFood. Chem. Toxicol.59236-248(2013) 4.Arha, D., Pandeti, S., Mishra, A., et al.Deoxyandrographolide promotes glucose uptake through glucose transporter-4 translocation to plasma membrane in L6 myotubes and exerts antihyperglycemic effect in vivoEur. J. Pharmacol.768207-216(2015)