Chlorhexidine
(Synonyms: 氯己定) 目录号 : GC35680
A bis(biguanide) antimicrobial agent
Cas No.:55-56-1
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
;)
,-1-7$$$37316672.jpg');)
;)
;)
$$$36806353.jpg');)
;33(7)%EF%BC%9A546-561$$$37156877.jpg');)
;)
;)
;)
%201124-1138.$$$35908550.jpg');)
%20766-780.$$$37100057.jpg');)
%20418-432.$$$36893736.jpg');)
%EF%BC%9A-240-255.$$$35108512.jpg');)
533-545$$$36543525.jpg');)
%201-13.$$$36600053.jpg');)
;)
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Chlorhexidine is a bis(biguanide) antimicrobial disinfectant and antiseptic agent.1 It inhibits growth of clinical methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates (MIC90 = 4 μg/ml).2 It is also active against canine isolates of MRSA, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP), and methicillin-susceptible S. pseudintermedius (MSSP; MIC90s = 4, 2, 2, and 1 mg/L, respectively).3 Chlorhexidine inhibits growth of E. faecium strains (MICs = 1.2-19.6 μg/ml) and C. albicans (MIC = 5.15 μg/ml).4,5 It generates cations that bind to and destabilize the bacterial cell wall to induce death.6 Chlorhexidine also completely inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 when used at concentrations of 0.0001 and 0.002%, respectively, in a gelatin degradation assay.7 Formulations containing chlorhexidine have been used in antiseptic wound dressings, mouthwash, and toothpaste.
1.Karpiński, T.M., and Szkaradkiewicz, A.K.Chlorhexidine--Pharmaco-biological activity and applicationEur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci.19(7)1321-1326(2015) 2.McDanel, J.S., Murphy, C.R., Diekema, D.J., et al.Chlorhexidine and mupirocin susceptibilities of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from colonized nursing home residentsAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.57(1)552-558(2013) 3.Clark, S.M., Loeffler, A., and Bond, R.Susceptibility in vitro of canine methicillin-resistant and -susceptible staphylococcal isolates to fusidic acid, chlorhexidine and miconazole: Opportunities for topical therapy of canine superficial pyodermaJ. Antimicrob. Chemother.70(7)2048-2052(2015) 4.Bhardwaj, P., Hans, A., Ruikar, K., et al.Reduced chlorhexidine and daptomycin susceptibility in vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium after serial chlorhexidine exposureAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.62(1)e01235-01217(2017) 5.Scheibler, E., da Silva, R.M., Leite, C.E., et al.Stability and efficacy of combined nystatin and chlorhexidine against suspensions and biofilms of Candida albicansArch. Oral Biol.8970-76(2018) 6.Barrett-Bee, K., Newboult, L., and Edwards, S.The membrane destabilising action of the antibacterial agent chlorhexidineFEMS Microbiol. Lett.119(1-2)249-253(1994) 7.Gendron, R., Grenier, D., Sorsa, T., et al.Inhibition of the activities of matrix metalloproteinases 2, 8, and 9 by chlorhexidineClin. Diag. Lab. Immun.6(3)437-439(1999)
| Cas No. | 55-56-1 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 氯己定 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | N=C(NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)NC(NCCCCCCNC(NC(NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2)=N)=N)=N | ||
| 分子式 | C22H30Cl2N10 | 分子量 | 505.45 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: 25 mg/mL (49.46 mM) | 储存条件 | 4°C, protect from light |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
||
| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
 |
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.9784 mL | 9.8922 mL | 19.7844 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3957 mL | 1.9784 mL | 3.9569 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1978 mL | 0.9892 mL | 1.9784 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Chlorhexidine: is it still the gold standard?
Periodontol 2000 1997 Oct;15:55-62.PMID:9643233DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0757.1997.tb00105.x.
After 20 years of use by the dental profession, Chlorhexidine is recognized as the gold standard against which other antiplaque and gingivitis agents are measured. Chlorhexidine's antiplaque effect is a result of the dicationic nature of the Chlorhexidine molecule, which affords the agent the property of persistence of antimicrobial effect at the tooth surface, through both bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects. Although other antiplaque agents may show either purely immediate effect, or limited persistence, the degree of Chlorhexidine's persistence of effect at the tooth surface is the basis of its clinical efficacy. Similarly, the cationic nature of the Chlorhexidine molecule is the basis of the most common side effect associated with the use of the agent--extrinsic tooth staining. Such tooth staining seems to be the result of a local precipitation reaction between tooth-bound Chlorhexidine and chromogens found within foodstuffs and beverages. The cationic nature of the Chlorhexidine molecule also means that the activity of the agent is rapidly reduced in the presence of anionic agents, specifically those found within certain types of toothpaste; thus care is required when using normal toothbrushing alongside Chlorhexidine. By understanding how the chemical properties of the Chlorhexidine molecule can explain the plethora of clinical efficacy and safety data, the use of Chlorhexidine can be optimally aimed towards the patient groups who would most benefit from the superior therapeutic effect of the agent. Specifically, Chlorhexidine would seem to be of most value to patients in whom the ability to perform adequate oral hygiene procedures has been compromised. In these individuals the delivery of the correct dose of Chlorhexidine to the tooth surface can be optimized through the judicial use of the several different Chlorhexidine formulations now available. Thus, by understanding the properties and limitations of the Chlorhexidine molecule, the dental profession can ensure that the efficacy of the agent is maximized, and the side effects associated with the agent are minimized, allowing Chlorhexidine to rightly remain the gold standard against which other antiplaque agents are measured.
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Baths: Supporting Daily Use to Reduce Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections Affecting Immunocompromised Patients
Clin J Oncol Nurs 2019 Apr 1;23(2):E32-E38.PMID:30880801DOI:10.1188/19.CJON.E32-E38.
Background: Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial property that has proven to be effective in prolonging skin antisepsis and decreasing pathogens often seen in oncology units. Objectives: The aim was to reduce the incidence of central line-associated bloodstream infections in a hematology-oncology unit through the staff's continued adherence to the institution's protocol for CHG baths with wipes, and to identify barriers and the degree to which they interfered with optimal use of the CHG wipes. Methods: The project focused on supporting staff and nurses by providing education and training on current practices to staff and patients, and identifying barriers. Direct observation and chart audits were the approach chosen to implement the project. Findings: For the project study period, the unit had three nonpreventable bloodstream infections and zero preventable bloodstream infections.
Comparing the effect of 0.06% -, 0.12% and 0.2% Chlorhexidine on plaque, bleeding and side effects in an experimental gingivitis model: a parallel group, double masked randomized clinical trial
BMC Oral Health 2017 Aug 18;17(1):118.PMID:28821290DOI:10.1186/s12903-017-0400-7.
Background: Chlorhexidine is the gold standard of dental plaque prevention. The aim of the present study was to compare the plaque and gingivitis inhibiting effect of commercial products containing 0.2%, 0.12% and 0.06% Chlorhexidine in a modified experimental gingivitis model. Methods: In three groups of healthy volunteers, experimental gingivitis was induced and monitored over 21 days and simultaneously treated with the commercial solutions containing 0.2%, 0.12% and 0.06% Chlorhexidine. The maxillary right quadrant of each individual received mouthwash only, whereas the maxillary left quadrant was subject to both rinsing and mechanical oral hygiene. Compliance and side effects were monitored at days 7, 14, and 21. Plaque and gingivitis scores were obtained at baseline and day 21. Results: The commercial mouthwash containing 0.2% Chlorhexidine resulted in statistically significantly lower plaque scores than the 0.12 and 0.06% mouthwashes after 21 days use, whereas no statistically significant difference was found between the effects of the two latter. Conclusion: A commercially available mouthwash containing 0.2% Chlorhexidine had statistically significant better effect in preventing dental plaque than the 0.12% and 0.06% solutions. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02911766 . Registration date: September 9th 2016.
Oral antimicrobial agents--chlorhexidine
NCI Monogr 1990;(9):51-5.PMID:2188158doi
Chlorhexidine's structural characteristics give it potent antimicrobial activity, effectiveness at low concentrations, substantivity that prolongs its therapeutic effect in the oral environment, minimal resorption from the gastrointestinal tract, and the ability to reduce plaque. The use of this agent for oral stomatitis in neoplasia patients has recently been studied. Treatment-associated oral soft tissue inflammation and ulceration were significantly reduced by Chlorhexidine in patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy. Reductions in total streptococci and yeast counts were also observed. When used in conjunction with systemic antifungal agents, such as nystatin or clotrimazole, a significantly decreased incidence of clinical oral candidiasis and Candida septicemia was observed. In contrast, in two studies in which high-dose head and neck radiation therapy was applied, there was no reduction in stomatitis. Oral gram-negative bacilli have been shown to increase in high-dose chemotherapy patients who are taking Chlorhexidine during the treatment period (3 wk to 2 mo). However, no increase in systemic gram-negative infections or other adverse negative medical consequences were observed. This agent appears to be of therapeutic benefit in reduction of dental plaque, gingivitis, and stomatitis in the high-risk chemotherapy population when used in conjunction with other topical and systemic antimicrobial agents as prophylaxis. Although no toxic or serious adverse effects of Chlorhexidine rinse have been observed in the short-term studies to date, the effects of longer-term Chlorhexidine administration should be evaluated.
Evidence-based review of Chlorhexidine gluconate and iodine in the preoperative skin preparation of young infants
J Spec Pediatr Nurs 2022 Oct;27(4):e12393.PMID:35932169DOI:10.1111/jspn.12393.
Purpose: The preoperative preparation of young infants' skin requires special considerations. Commonly used solutions for preparing the skin preoperatively include Chlorhexidine (CHG) and iodine. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recommendations for preparing skin for surgery and other invasive procedures for adults, but they do not have recommendations for young infants' skin. The purpose of this evidence-based literature review is to synthesize the literature, compare, and inform healthcare providers about the safety and efficacy of CHG and iodine as preoperative preparation solutions for young infants' skin. For this project young infants is defined as infants less than 48 weeks' postmenstrual age and those born prematurely and less than 28 days old. Conclusions: We analyze 19 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Three discussion themes emerge: systemic absorption, dermatologic burns, and CHG and iodine efficacy. Practice implications: We need more research regarding the safety and efficacy of CHG and iodine solutions for preoperative preparation of young infants' skin. Findings suggest the cautious use of CHG and iodine solutions on patients born at or before 28 weeks' postmenstrual age, especially those less than 28 days postnatal age.