Flumorph
(Synonyms: 氟吗啉; SYP-L190) 目录号 : GC36059
Flumorph(SYP-L190)是羧酸酰胺杀菌剂（CAA）。
Cas No.:211867-47-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.50%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Flumorph(SYP-L190) is a carboxylic acid amide (CAA) fungicide.IC50 value:Target: Fungicide agentFlumorph did not inhibit the synthesis of cell wall materials, but disturbed the polar deposition of newly synthesized cell wall materials during cystospore germination and hyphal growth. In flumorph-treated hyphae, the most characteristic change was the development of periodic swelling ("beaded" morphology) and the disruption of tip growth. Upon removing flumorph, normal tip growth and organized F-actin were observed again [1]. Flumorph had induced systemic genotoxicity in mammals as it caused DNA damage in all tested vital organs, especially in brain and spleen [2].
[1]. Sheng Zhu S, et al. Flumorph Is a Novel Fungicide That Disrupts Microfilament Organization in Phytophthora melonis. Phytopathology. 2007 May;97(5):643-9. [2]. Zhang T, et al. Assessment of genotoxic effects of flumorph by the comet assay in mice organs. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2014 Mar;33(3):224-9.
| Cas No. | 211867-47-9 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 氟吗啉; SYP-L190 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(N1CCOCC1)/C=C(C2=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C2)\C3=CC=C(F)C=C3 | ||
| 分子式 | C21H22FNO4 | 分子量 | 371.4 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 100 mg/mL (269.25 mM; Need ultrasonic) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.6925 mL | 13.4626 mL | 26.9251 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5385 mL | 2.6925 mL | 5.385 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2693 mL | 1.3463 mL | 2.6925 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Flumorph Is a Novel Fungicide That Disrupts Microfilament Organization in Phytophthora melonis
Phytopathology 2007 May;97(5):643-9.PMID:18943584DOI:10.1094/PHYTO-97-5-0643.
ABSTRACT The mechanism of the effects of Flumorph (a novel fungicide) was investigated by analyzing alterations of hyphal morphology, cell wall deposition patterns, F-actin organization, and other organelles in Phytophthora melonis. Calcofluor white staining suggested that Flumorph did not inhibit the synthesis of cell wall materials, but disturbed the polar deposition of newly synthesized cell wall materials during cystospore germination and hyphal growth. After exposure to Flumorph, zoospores were able to switch into cystospores accompanied with the formation of a cell wall, whereas cystospores failed to induce the isotropic-polar switch and did not produce germ tubes but continued the isotropic growth phase. In flumorph-treated hyphae, the most characteristic change was the development of periodic swelling ("beaded" morphology) and the disruption of tip growth. Newly synthesized cell wall materials were deposited uniformly throughout the diffuse expanded region of hyphae, in contrast to their normal polarized patterns of deposition. These alterations were the result of F-actin disruption, identified with the fluorescein isothiocynate (FITC)-phalloidin staining. The disruption of F-actin also was accompanied by disorganized organelles: each swelling of subapical hyphae was associated with a nucleus. Vesicles did not undergo polarized secretion to the apical hyphae, but diffused around nuclei for the subapical growth; thus, the cell wall was thickened with periodic expansion along the hyphae. Upon removing Flumorph, normal tip growth and organized F-actin were observed again. These data, as well as data published earlier, suggest that Flumorph may be involved in the impairment of cell polar growth through directly or indirectly disrupting the organization of F-actin. The primary site of action by Flumorph in the disruption of the F-actin organization is under investigation.
Assessment of genotoxic effects of Flumorph by the comet assay in mice organs
Hum Exp Toxicol 2014 Mar;33(3):224-9.PMID:23615708DOI:10.1177/0960327111417268.
The present study investigated the genotoxic effects of Flumorph in various organs (brain, liver, spleen, kidney and sperm) of mice. The DNA damage, measured as comet tail length (µm), was determined using the alkaline comet assay. The comet assay is a sensitive assay for the detection of genotoxicity caused by Flumorph using mice as a model. Statistically significant increases in comet assay for both dose-dependent and duration-dependent DNA damage were observed in all the organs assessed. The organs exhibited the maximum DNA damage in 96 h at 54 mg/kg body weight. Brain showed maximum DNA damage followed by spleen > kidney > liver > sperm. Our data demonstrated that Flumorph had induced systemic genotoxicity in mammals as it caused DNA damage in all tested vital organs, especially in brain and spleen.
Insights into the adaptive response of the plant-pathogenic oomycete Phytophthora capsici to the fungicide Flumorph
Sci Rep 2016 Apr 6;6:24103.PMID:27050922DOI:10.1038/srep24103.
Phytophthora capsici is an important oomycete plant pathogen that causes significant losses worldwide. The carboxylic acid amide fungicide Flumorph has shown excellent activity against oomycete plant pathogens. Despite its potential, there remains concern that the sexual reproduction of oomycete pathogens, which results in genetic recombination, could result in the rapid development of resistance to Flumorph. The current study utilized an iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) based method to compare differences between the proteome of the parental P. capsici isolate PCAS1 and its sexual progeny S2-838, which exhibits significant resistance to Flumorph. A total of 2396 individual proteins were identified, of these, 181 were considered to be associated with the adaptive response of P. capsici to Flumorph. The subsequent bioinformatic analysis revealed that the adaptive response of P. capsici to Flumorph was complex and regulated by multiple mechanisms, including utilising carbohydrate from the host environment to compensate for the cell wall stress induced by Flumorph, a shift in energy generation, decreased amino acids biosynthesis, and elevated levels of proteins associated with the pathogen's response to stimulus and transmembrane transport. Moreover, the results of the study provided crucial data that could provide the basis for early monitoring of Flumorph resistance in field populations of P. capsici.
Photodegradation of Flumorph in aqueous solutions and natural water under abiotic conditions
J Agric Food Chem 2009 Oct 28;57(20):9629-33.PMID:19807099DOI:10.1021/jf902182m.
Flumorph is an oomycete fungicide that is now used extensively in China (Hu, J. Y.; Liu, C.; Yan, H. Degradation of Flumorph in soils, aqueous buffer solutions, and natural waters. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2008, 56, 8574-8579). The photodegradation of Flumorph in aqueous solutions and natural water have been assessed under natural and controlled conditions in this work. The kinetics of photodecomposition of Flumorph was determined using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-diode array detector (DAD), and the identification of photoproducts was carried out with HPLC-mass spectrometry (MS) [electrospray ionization (ESI) positive mode]. The rate of photodecomposition of Flumorph in aqueous solutions and natural water followed first-order kinetics in both UV radiation and natural sunlight, and the Z isomer of Flumorph could convert to the E isomer. The degradation rates were faster under UV light than sunlight, with the half-lives (t(1/2) = ln 2/k) of 36.5-64.2 min and 36.3-73.1 days, respectively. One major photoproduct was detected in UV light and tentatively identified according to HPLC-MS spectral information as (E or Z)-3-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-acrylamide. Photosensitizers, such as H(2)O(2) and riboflavin, could enhance photolysis of Flumorph in natural sunlight. The results obtained indicated that photoreaction was an important dissipation pathway of Flumorph in natural water systems.
Effect of Flumorph on F-Actin Dynamics in the Potato Late Blight Pathogen Phytophthora infestans
Phytopathology 2015 Apr;105(4):419-23.PMID:25496300DOI:10.1094/PHYTO-04-14-0119-R.
Oomycetes are fungal-like pathogens that cause notorious diseases. Protecting crops against oomycetes requires regular spraying with chemicals, many with an unknown mode of action. In the 1990s, Flumorph was identified as a novel crop protection agent. It was shown to inhibit the growth of oomycete pathogens including Phytophthora spp., presumably by targeting actin. We recently generated transgenic Phytophthora infestans strains that express Lifeact-enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP), which enabled us to monitor the actin cytoskeleton during hyphal growth. For analyzing effects of oomicides on the actin cytoskeleton in vivo, the P. infestans Lifeact-eGFP strain is an excellent tool. Here, we confirm that Flumorph is an oomicide with growth inhibitory activity. Microscopic analyses showed that low Flumorph concentrations provoked hyphal tip swellings accompanied by accumulation of actin plaques in the apex, a feature reminiscent of tips of nongrowing hyphae. At higher concentrations, swelling was more pronounced and accompanied by an increase in hyphal bursting events. However, in hyphae that remained intact, actin filaments were indistinguishable from those in nontreated, nongrowing hyphae. In contrast, in hyphae treated with the actin depolymerizing drug latrunculin B, no hyphal bursting was observed but the actin filaments were completely disrupted. This difference demonstrates that actin is not the primary target of Flumorph.