Nicotinamide riboside chloride
(Synonyms: 烟酰胺核糖氯酸盐) 目录号 : GC36738
A riboside form of nicotinamide
Cas No.:23111-00-4
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.50%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Nicotinamide riboside is a riboside form of nicotinamide that is found in trace amounts in yeast-containing and milk-derived products.1 It is a precursor of NAD+ and a source of vitamin B3 (niacin). Nicotinamide riboside increases intracellular and mitochondrial NAD+ content in C2C12, Hepa1.6, and HEK293 cells in a concentration-dependent manner at concentrations ranging from 1-1,000 μM.2 It also decreases acetylation of FOXO1 and SOD2, which are substrates of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and SIRT3, respectively, but not the SIRT2 substrate tubulin, indicating nicotinamide riboside selectively enhances SIRT1 and 3 deacetylase activity. Nicotinamide riboside (400 mg/kg per day) increases NAD+ levels in liver and skeletal muscle and prevents body weight gain in mice fed a high-fat diet. It also increases NAD+ in the cerebral cortex and reduces cognitive deterioration in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease.3
1.Chi, Y., and Sauve, A.A.Nicotinamide riboside, a trace nutrient in foods, is a vitamin B3 with effects on energy metabolism and neuroprotectionCurr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care15(6)657-661(2013) 2.Cantó, C., Houtkooper, R.H., Pirinen, E., et al.The NAD+ precursor nicotinamide riboside enhances oxidative metabolism and protects against high-fat diet-induced obesityCell Metab.15(6)838-847(2012) 3.Gong, B., Pan, Y., Vempati, P., et al.Nicotinamide riboside restores cognition through an upregulation of proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α regulated β-secretase 1 degradation and mitochondrial gene expression in Alzheimer's mouse modelsNeurobiol. Aging34(6)1581-1588(2013)
| Cas No. | 23111-00-4 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 烟酰胺核糖氯酸盐 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | NC(C1=C[N+]([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)=CC=C1)=O.[Cl-] | ||
| 分子式 | C11H15ClN2O5 | 分子量 | 290.7 |
| 溶解度 | Water : 250 mg/mL (859.99 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C, protect from light |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.44 mL | 17.1999 mL | 34.3997 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.688 mL | 3.44 mL | 6.8799 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.344 mL | 1.72 mL | 3.44 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Safety and Metabolism of Long-term Administration of NIAGEN (Nicotinamide riboside chloride) in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial of Healthy Overweight Adults
Sci Rep 2019 Jul 5;9(1):9772.PMID:31278280DOI:10.1038/s41598-019-46120-z.
Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a newly discovered nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursor vitamin. A crystal form of NR chloride termed NIAGEN is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in foods and the subject of two New Dietary Ingredient Notifications for use in dietary supplements. To evaluate the kinetics and dose-dependency of NR oral availability and safety in overweight, but otherwise healthy men and women, an 8-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. Consumption of 100, 300 and 1000 mg NR dose-dependently and significantly increased whole blood NAD+ (i.e., 22%, 51% and 142%) and other NAD+ metabolites within 2 weeks. The increases were maintained throughout the remainder of the study. There were no reports of flushing and no significant differences in adverse events between the NR and placebo-treated groups or between groups at different NR doses. NR also did not elevate low density lipoprotein cholesterol or dysregulate 1-carbon metabolism. Together these data support the development of a tolerable upper intake limit for NR based on human data.
Synthesis, Stability, and Bioavailability of Nicotinamide Riboside Trioleate Chloride
Nutrients 2021 Dec 27;14(1):113.PMID:35010986DOI:10.3390/nu14010113.
Nicotinamide riboside chloride (NRCl) is an effective form of vitamin B3. However, it cannot be used in ready-to-drink (RTD) beverages or high-water activity foods because of its intrinsic instability in water. To address this issue, we synthesized nicotinamide riboside trioleate chloride (NRTOCl) as a new hydrophobic nicotinamide riboside (NR) derivative. Contrary to NRCl, NRTOCl is soluble in an oil phase. The results of stability studies showed that NRTOCl was much more stable than NRCl both in water and in oil-in-water emulsions at 25 °C and 35 °C. Finally, we evaluated the bioavailability of NRTOCl by studying its digestibility in simulated intestinal fluid. The results demonstrated that NRTOCl was partially digestible and released NR in the presence of porcine pancreatin in a simulated intestinal fluid. This study showed that NRTOCl has the potential to be used as an NR derivative in ready-to-drink (RTD) beverages and other foods and supplement applications.
Dihydronicotinamide riboside: synthesis from Nicotinamide riboside chloride, purification and stability studies
RSC Adv 2021 Jun 14;11(34):21036-21047.PMID:35479370DOI:10.1039/d1ra02062e.
In the present work, we describe an efficient method for scalable synthesis and purification of 1,4-dihydronicotinamide riboside (NRH) from commercially available Nicotinamide riboside chloride (NRCl) and in the presence of sodium dithionate as a reducing agent. NRH is industrially relevant as the most effective, synthetic NAD+ precursor. We demonstrated that solid phase synthesis cannot be used for the reduction of NRCl to NRH in high yield, whereas a reduction reaction in water at room temperature under anaerobic conditions is shown to be very effective, reaching a 55% isolation yield. For the first time, by using common column chromatography, we were able to highly purify this sensitive bio-compound with good yield. A series of identifications and analyses including HPLC, NMR, LC-MS, FTIR, and UV-vis spectroscopy were performed on the purified sample, confirming the structure of NRH as well as its purity to be 96%. Thermal analysis of NRH showed higher thermal stability compared to NRCl, and with two major weight losses, one at 218 °C and another at 805 °C. We also investigated the long term stability effects of temperature, pH, light, and oxygen (as air) on the NRH in aqueous solutions. Our results show that NRH can be oxidized in the presence of oxygen, and it hydrolyzed quickly in acidic conditions. It was also found that the degradation rate is lower under a N2 atmosphere, at lower temperatures, and under basic pH conditions.
Acute Treatment with Nicotinamide riboside chloride Reduces Hippocampal Damage and Preserves the Cognitive Function of Mice with Ischemic Injury
Neurochem Res 2022 Aug;47(8):2244-2253.PMID:35585298DOI:10.1007/s11064-022-03610-3.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a critical cosubstrate for enzymes involved in supplying energy to the brain. Nicotinamide riboside (NR), an NAD+ precursor, emerges as a neuroprotective factor after chronic brain insults. However, researchers have not determined whether it improves cognition after acute ischemia. In the present study, mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion were treated with NR chloride (NRC, 300 mg/kg, IP., 20 min after reperfusion). The results of the Morris water maze test revealed better recovery of learning and memory function in the NRC-treated group. Acute NRC treatment decreased hippocampal infarct volume, reduced neuronal loss and apoptosis in the hippocampus. Western blot and high-performance liquid chromatography assays of hippocampal tissues revealed that the activation of Sirtin-1 and adenosine 5' monophosphate-activated protein kinase was increased, the NAD content was elevated, and the production of adenosine triphosphate was strengthened by NRC. Collectively, acute NRC treatment increased the energy supply, reduced the neuronal loss and apoptosis, protected the hippocampus and ultimately promoted the recovery of cognitive function after brain ischemia.
Extension of use of Nicotinamide riboside chloride as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283
EFSA J 2021 Nov 12;19(11):e06843.PMID:34804232DOI:10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6843.
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on the safety of an extension of use of the novel food (NF) Nicotinamide riboside chloride (NRC) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. The assessment addresses the use of NRC in 'meal replacement products' and 'nutritional drink mixes' at levels up to 300 mg/day for the general population, and in food for special medical purposes (FSMP) and total diet replacement for weight control (TDRWC) (as per Regulation (EU) No 609/2013) at levels up to 500 mg/day in adults. Benchmark dose modelling was carried out on data from the 90-day oral toxicity studies in rats relevant to the safety assessment. Considering the lack of tolerable upper intake level (UL) for nicotinamide in infants and the narrow margin of exposure between the estimated intake in infants and the lower confidence bound of the benchmark doses (BMDL 05) estimated by the models, the Panel concludes that the safety of the NF has not been established for use in 'meal replacement products' and 'nutritional drink mixes' under the proposed conditions of use. For FSMP and TDRWC, the proposed maximum use level corresponds to an intake of 210 mg nicotinamide per day, which is below the current UL for nicotinamide of 900 mg/day for adults. The Panel considers that the NF is as safe as pure nicotinamide for use in FSMP and TDRWC. The Panel, however, notes experimental data which indicate several pathways by which intakes of nicotinamide (or its precursors), at levels that are substantially higher than the physiological requirement, might cause adverse effects. The Panel considers that further investigations are required and that a re-evaluation of the UL for nicotinamide may be warranted.