Seltorexant
(Synonyms: JNJ-42847922) 目录号 : GC37623
Seltorexant (JNJ-42847922) 是一种具有口服活性的，高亲和性以及选择性的 OX2R 拮抗剂 (人和大鼠中的 OX2R 的pKi 值分别为 8.0 和 8.1)。Seltorexant (JNJ-42847922) 穿过血脑屏障，迅速占据大鼠大脑中的 OX2R 结合位点。
Cas No.:1293281-49-8
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >99.50%
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- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Seltorexant (JNJ-42847922) is an orally active, high-affinity, and selective OX2R antagonist (pKi values of 8.0 and 8.1 for human and rat OX2R). Seltorexant (JNJ-42847922) crosses the blood-brain barrier and quickly occupies OX2R binding sites in the rat brain[1]. pKi: 8.0 (human OX2R), 8.1 (rat OX2R)[1]
[1]. Bonaventure P, et al. Characterization of JNJ-42847922, a Selective Orexin-2 Receptor Antagonist, as a Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of Insomnia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2015 Sep;354(3):471-82.
| Cas No. | 1293281-49-8 | SDF | |
| 别名 | JNJ-42847922 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(N1CC(CN(C2=NC(C)=CC(C)=N2)C3)C3C1)C4=C(N5N=CC=N5)C=CC=C4F | ||
| 分子式 | C21H22FN7O | 分子量 | 407.44 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: 250 mg/mL (613.59 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.4543 mL | 12.2717 mL | 24.5435 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4909 mL | 2.4543 mL | 4.9087 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2454 mL | 1.2272 mL | 2.4543 mL |
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| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
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| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
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工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Comparative effects of pharmacological interventions for the acute and long-term management of insomnia disorder in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Lancet 2022 Jul 16;400(10347):170-184.PMID:35843245DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00878-9.
Background: Behavioural, cognitive, and pharmacological interventions can all be effective for insomnia. However, because of inadequate resources, medications are more frequently used worldwide. We aimed to estimate the comparative effectiveness of pharmacological treatments for the acute and long-term treatment of adults with insomnia disorder. Methods: In this systematic review and network meta-analysis, we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, ClinicalTrials.gov, and websites of regulatory agencies from database inception to Nov 25, 2021, to identify published and unpublished randomised controlled trials. We included studies comparing pharmacological treatments or placebo as monotherapy for the treatment of adults (≥18 year) with insomnia disorder. We assessed the certainty of evidence using the confidence in network meta-analysis (CINeMA) framework. Primary outcomes were efficacy (ie, quality of sleep measured by any self-rated scale), treatment discontinuation for any reason and due to side-effects specifically, and safety (ie, number of patients with at least one adverse event) both for acute and long-term treatment. We estimated summary standardised mean differences (SMDs) and odds ratios (ORs) using pairwise and network meta-analysis with random effects. This study is registered with Open Science Framework, https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PU4QJ. Findings: We included 170 trials (36 interventions and 47 950 participants) in the systematic review and 154 double-blind, randomised controlled trials (30 interventions and 44 089 participants) were eligible for the network meta-analysis. In terms of acute treatment, benzodiazepines, doxylamine, eszopiclone, lemborexant, Seltorexant, zolpidem, and zopiclone were more efficacious than placebo (SMD range: 0·36-0·83 [CINeMA estimates of certainty: high to moderate]). Benzodiazepines, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zopiclone were more efficacious than melatonin, ramelteon, and zaleplon (SMD 0·27-0·71 [moderate to very low]). Intermediate-acting benzodiazepines, long-acting benzodiazepines, and eszopiclone had fewer discontinuations due to any cause than ramelteon (OR 0·72 [95% CI 0·52-0·99; moderate], 0·70 [0·51-0·95; moderate] and 0·71 [0·52-0·98; moderate], respectively). Zopiclone and zolpidem caused more dropouts due to adverse events than did placebo (zopiclone: OR 2·00 [95% CI 1·28-3·13; very low]; zolpidem: 1·79 [1·25-2·50; moderate]); and zopiclone caused more dropouts than did eszopiclone (OR 1·82 [95% CI 1·01-3·33; low]), daridorexant (3·45 [1·41-8·33; low), and suvorexant (3·13 [1·47-6·67; low]). For the number of individuals with side-effects at study endpoint, benzodiazepines, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zopiclone were worse than placebo, doxepin, Seltorexant, and zaleplon (OR range 1·27-2·78 [high to very low]). For long-term treatment, eszopiclone and lemborexant were more effective than placebo (eszopiclone: SMD 0·63 [95% CI 0·36-0·90; very low]; lemborexant: 0·41 [0·04-0·78; very low]) and eszopiclone was more effective than ramelteon (0.63 [0·16-1·10; very low]) and zolpidem (0·60 [0·00-1·20; very low]). Compared with ramelteon, eszopiclone and zolpidem had a lower rate of all-cause discontinuations (eszopiclone: OR 0·43 [95% CI 0·20-0·93; very low]; zolpidem: 0·43 [0·19-0·95; very low]); however, zolpidem was associated with a higher number of dropouts due to side-effects than placebo (OR 2·00 [95% CI 1·11-3·70; very low]). Interpretation: Overall, eszopiclone and lemborexant had a favorable profile, but eszopiclone might cause substantial adverse events and safety data on lemborexant were inconclusive. Doxepin, Seltorexant, and zaleplon were well tolerated, but data on efficacy and other important outcomes were scarce and do not allow firm conclusions. Many licensed drugs (including benzodiazepines, daridorexant, suvorexant, and trazodone) can be effective in the acute treatment of insomnia but are associated with poor tolerability, or information about long-term effects is not available. Melatonin, ramelteon, and non-licensed drugs did not show overall material benefits. These results should serve evidence-based clinical practice. Funding: UK National Institute for Health Research Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre.
Clinical pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of orexin receptor antagonists for the treatment of insomnia disorders
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020 Nov;16(11):1063-1078.PMID:32901578DOI:10.1080/17425255.2020.1817380.
Introduction: The last two decades have witnessed a rapid increase in the knowledge about the role of the orexin system, particularly in the regulation of wakefulness and arousal. Dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) have been approved for the treatment of insomnia disorders (suvorexant, lemborexant) and drugs with a distinctive profile (daridorexant) or orexin-2 receptor selectivity (Seltorexant) are in development. Areas covered: This review discusses pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), efficacy, and safety properties of orexin receptor antagonists (ORAs). Expert opinion: In general, the drugs described have a similar effect on sleep characteristics although their pharmacokinetic variables differ. ORAs have the potential to revolutionize the pharmacological treatment of insomnia because they not only improve sleep, but, in addition, appear to have no dependence - and tolerance-inducing effects, which makes them suitable for long-term-treatment. The safety and tolerability profile of ORAs clearly differ from those of more traditional sleep-promoting drugs. Further research is needed to demonstrate benefits to patients suffering from insomnia disorder, e.g., with respect to improving not only sleep but also daytime functioning. In addition, ongoing and future research will show whether ORAs may have beneficial effects in patients with various psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease.
Orexin Receptor Antagonists and Insomnia
Curr Psychiatry Rep 2022 Oct;24(10):509-521.PMID:35972717DOI:10.1007/s11920-022-01357-w.
Purpose of review: We review recent evidence on the use of orexin receptor antagonists (ORAs) for treating insomnia. We evaluate studies on five dual ORAs and one selective ORA. Recent findings: Research on suvorexant in recent years gradually focus on comorbid insomnia, while lemborexant and daridorexant were still being validated in primary insomnia. Almorexant is now mainly used as a commercial specific inhibitor of the orexin system in animal studies due to safety issues. Although filorexant has also shown a certain sleep-promoting effect, there are few clinical or experimental studies on sleep-related aspects of filorexant in recent years. As for selective ORAs, orexin receptor 2 antagonist Seltorexant still has not yet reached phase 3. High-quality clinical trials in insomnia populations are needed which directly compare authorized ORAs and investigate non-approved ORAs, the use of ORAs in comorbid insomnia, and the orexin signaling system pathophysiology in insomnia.
Efficacy and Safety of Seltorexant as Adjunctive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Phase 2b, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Adaptive Dose-Finding Study
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2021 Dec 8;24(12):965-976.PMID:34324636DOI:10.1093/ijnp/pyab050.
Background: Seltorexant, a selective antagonist of human orexin-2 receptors, demonstrated antidepressant effects in a previous exploratory study in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: To replicate and extend this observation, a double-blind, adaptive dose-finding study was performed in patients with MDD who had an inadequate response to 1-3 selective serotonin/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors in the current episode. Patients were randomized (2:1:1) to placebo or Seltorexant (20 mg or 40 mg) once-daily, administered adjunctively to the antidepressant the patient had been receiving at screening. After an interim analysis (6 weeks post-randomization of 160th patient), newly recruited patients randomly received (3:3:1) placebo or Seltorexant 10 mg or 20 mg; the 40-mg dose was no longer assigned. Patients were stratified by baseline Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores (ISI ≥ 15 vs < 15). The primary endpoint was change from baseline Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score at week 6. Results: Mixed-Model for Repeated Measures analysis showed a greater improvement in MADRS total score in the Seltorexant 20-mg group vs placebo at weeks 3 and 6; least-square means difference (90% CI): -4.5 (-6.96; -2.07), P = .003; and -3.1 (-6.13; -0.16), P = .083, respectively. The improvement in MADRS score at week 6 for Seltorexant 20 mg was greater in patients with baseline ISI ≥ 15 vs those with ISI < 15; least-square means difference (90% CI) vs placebo: -4.9 (-8.98; -0.80) and -0.7 (-5.16; 3.76), respectively. The most common (≥5%) adverse events with Seltorexant were somnolence, headache, and nausea. Conclusions: A clinically meaningful reduction of depressive symptoms was observed for Seltorexant 20 mg. In the subset of patients with sleep disturbance (ISI ≥ 15), a larger treatment difference between Seltorexant 20 mg and placebo was observed, warranting further investigation. No new safety signal was identified. Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03227224. Previous presentation: Poster presented at 58th Annual Meeting of American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP), December 8-11, 2019, Orlando, FL.
Selective Orexin Receptor Antagonists as Novel Augmentation Treatments for Major Depressive Disorder: Evidence for Safety and Efficacy From a Phase 2B Study of Seltorexant
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2022 Jan 12;25(1):85-88.PMID:34791262DOI:10.1093/ijnp/pyab078.
There is a large unmet need for effective treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), an often chronic/recurrent disorder that affects 1 in 5 adults during their lifetime in the United States. Clinicians and individuals with MDD often rely on augmentation approaches given the low rate of remission with the initial antidepressant treatment. Therefore, the report by Savitz and colleagues on the safety and efficacy of Seltorexant is of great interest because it provides initial evidence for the antidepressant potential of drugs targeting orexin neurotransmission. Findings of this study suggest that Seltorexant 20 mg is more effective than placebo, especially in individuals with moderate or insomnia symptoms at baseline. Given that insomnia is a common feature of depression, orexin 2 receptor antagonists may serve as important new treatment alternatives for people with MDD.