Semustine
(Synonyms: 司莫司汀) 目录号 : GC37625
Semustine 是一种 DNA 烷化剂，与 DNA 结合，作为癌症化疗剂。
Cas No.:13909-09-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Semustine is a DNA alkylator, binds to DNA, and acts as a cancer chemotherapeutic agent[1].
[1]. Agarwal S, et al. Molecular modeling and spectroscopic studies of semustine binding with DNA and its comparison with lomustine-DNA adduct formation. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2015;33(8):1653-68.
| Cas No. | 13909-09-6 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 司莫司汀 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(NC1CCC(C)CC1)N(CCCl)N=O | ||
| 分子式 | C10H18ClN3O2 | 分子量 | 247.72 |
| 溶解度 | Soluble in DMSO | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C,unstable in solution, ready to use. |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 4.0368 mL | 20.1841 mL | 40.3682 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8074 mL | 4.0368 mL | 8.0736 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4037 mL | 2.0184 mL | 4.0368 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Nephrotoxicity of Semustine
Cancer Treat Rep 1983 Dec;67(12):1105-12.PMID:6360348doi
Semustine is an investigational cancer chemotherapeutic agent in widespread use. This agent has now been documented to produce nephrotoxicity and renal failure with long-term administration. We collected 29 cases of Semustine nephrotoxicity from the literature and six unpublished cases brought to the attention of the National Cancer Institute. Using these 35 cases as a data base, we have analyzed the incidence, dose and treatment duration relationships, clinical and histologic manifestations, and clinical course of Semustine nephrotoxicity. In addition, we discuss the possible mechanisms of this nephrotoxicity based upon ongoing laboratory work. We conclude that there is a high risk of severe nephrotoxicity from Semustine when the cumulative dose exceeds 1200 mg/m2 and that there may be considerable delay in onset of the renal dysfunction.
Molecular modeling and spectroscopic studies of Semustine binding with DNA and its comparison with lomustine-DNA adduct formation
J Biomol Struct Dyn 2015;33(8):1653-68.PMID:25350567DOI:10.1080/07391102.2014.968874.
Chloroethyl nitrosoureas constitute an important family of cancer chemotherapeutic agents, used in the treatment of various types of cancer. They exert antitumor activity by inducing DNA interstrand cross-links. Semustine, a chloroethyl nitrosourea, is a 4-methyl derivative of lomustine. There exist some interesting reports dealing with DNA-binding properties of chloroethyl nitrosoureas; however, underlying mechanism of cytotoxicity caused by Semustine has not been precisely and completely delineated. The present work focuses on understanding semustine-DNA interaction to comprehend its anti-proliferative action at molecular level using various spectroscopic techniques. Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is used to determine the binding site of Semustine on DNA. Conformational transition in DNA after Semustine complexation is investigated using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Stability of semustine-DNA complexes is determined using absorption spectroscopy. Results of the present study demonstrate that Semustine performs major-groove-directed DNA alkylation at guanine residues in an incubation-time-drug-concentration-dependent manner. CD spectral outcomes suggest partial transition of DNA from native B-conformation to C-form. Calculated binding constants (Ka) for Semustine and lomustine interactions with DNA are 1.53 × 10(3) M(-1) and 8.12 × 10(3) M(-1), respectively. Moreover, molecular modeling simulation is performed to predict preferential binding orientation of Semustine with DNA that corroborates well with spectral outcomes. Results based on comparative study of DNA-binding properties of Semustine and lomustine, presented here, may establish a correlation between molecular structure and cytotoxicity of chloroethyl nitrosoureas that may be instrumental in the designing and synthesis of new nitrosourea therapeutics possessing better efficacy and fewer side effects.
Efficacy and toxicity of SEAM (Semustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan) conditioning regimen followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in lymphoma
Hematology 2022 Dec;27(1):404-411.PMID:35413224DOI:10.1080/16078454.2022.2051864.
Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SEAM regimen followed by auto-SCT in lymphoma. Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with lymphoma who underwent auto-SCT with SEAM conditioning regimen from January 2010 to June 2018 at our centre. In total, 97 patients were analysed. Results: The median time to neutrophil engraftment and platelet engraftment was 9.5 days (range, 7-15 days) and 12 days (range, 7-25 days), respectively. Grade 3-4 nausea/vomiting, mucositis and diarrhoea were observed in 21.6%, 36.1%, and 11.3% of patients, respectively. Treatment-related mortality at 100 days occurred in 2 patients (2.1%). After a median follow-up time of 53.9 months, the 3-year incidence of disease relapse or progression was 34%. The estimated progression-free survival and overall survival at 3 years were 62% and 75%, respectively. Compared with previous studies using BEAM as the conditioning regimen, this study shows that the SEAM regimen has a comparable efficacy and safety profile. Conclusions: The SEAM regimen is feasible and might be an ideal alternative to BEAM regimen for lymphoma auto-SCT.
Nephrotoxicity of Semustine (methyl-CCNU) in patients with malignant melanoma receiving adjuvant chemotherapy
Am J Med 1981 Dec;71(6):967-72.PMID:7032289DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(81)90315-6.
The nephrotoxicity of Semustine (methyl-CCNU) has been studied in 45 adult patients with surgically resected Stage I or II malignant melanoma who received this drug as adjuvant chemotherapy. Abnormalities of renal function (including three cases of renal failure) were noted in seven of 45 patients (16 percent); all these patients received more than 1,400 mg/m2. This represents an incidence of 26 percent in patients receiving more than 1,400 mg/m2 of Semustine. Two distinct patterns emerged. Abnormal serum creatinine levels developed in two patients while receiving Semustine and later progressed to renal failure. Five patients had normal serum creatinine levels throughout their treatment courses but had abnormal creatinine values one month to two years following the completion of drug therapy. Renal failure developed in one of these patients, but the remaining four have had stable renal function for one to two years of additional follow-up. No clinical signs of renal insufficiency were detected in any patients receiving less than 1,400 mg/m2 of Semustine. No changes unequivocally attributable to Semustine were seen in eight patients at autopsy despite the fact that three had received greater than 1,900 mg/m2 of nitrosourea. This incidence of nephrotoxicity appears to be significantly lower than that previously reported in children. Guidelines for future therapy with Semustine are described.
A randomized phase II study of CEOP with or without Semustine as induction chemotherapy in patients with stage IE/IIE extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type in the upper aerodigestive tract
Radiother Oncol 2009 Dec;93(3):492-7.PMID:19782419DOI:10.1016/j.radonc.2009.08.045.
Purpose: In this randomized phase II study, we evaluated the efficacy of Semustine added to CEOP regimen as induction chemotherapy in patients with stage I(E)/II(E) extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type in the upper aerodigestive tract. Patients and methods: Seventy-five eligible patients were randomized to receive either CEOP or CEOP plus Semustine followed by involved-field radiotherapy. Results: The overall response rate of induction chemotherapy was 57.9% in CEOP arm compared with 62.2% in CEOP plus Semustine arm (P=0.71). With a median follow-up of 30.1 months, 2-year overall survival was 73.3% and 62.2%, respectively (P=0.37). Toxicities in both arms were comparable and manageable. Through univariate and multivariate analysis, PS of 2, Stage II(E) and elevated LDH level were identified to be adverse prognostic factors. A new prognostic index categorized three groups of patients (low risk, no adverse factors; intermediate risk, one factor; and high risk, 2 or 3 factors) with highly significant difference of prognosis. Two-year overall survival was 87.5%, 60.6% and 30%, respectively (P=0.0002). Conclusions: The addition of Semustine to CEOP regimen was not associated with improved efficacy. More effective treatment needs to be explored in patients with intermediate or high risk.