Eriocitrin

Eriocitrin is a flavonoid originally isolated from lemon peel that has antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity.^1,2,3,4,5 Eriocitrin inhibits lipid peroxidation in a cell-free assay when used at a concentration of 10 ?M and enhances the effect of α-tocopherol on lipid peroxidation.² It also decreases thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in rat plasma when administered at a dose of 75 ?mol/kg, indicating a reduction in lipid peroxidation.³ Eriocitrin prevents acute exercise-induced increases in TBARS, N^ε-(hexanoyl)lysine (HEL), o,o-dityrosine (DT), and nitrotyrosine in rat liver when administered at a dose of 600 mg/kg prior to exercise.⁴ It is also an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and MAO-B (IC₅₀s = 86.5 and 164 ?M, respectively, for human recombinant receptors).⁵

1.Horowitz, R.M., and Gentili, B.Flavonoid compounds of citrus. III. Isolation and structure of eriodictyol glycosideJ. Am. Chem. Soc.82(11)2803-2806(1960) 2.Miyake, Y., Yamamoto, K., and Osawa, T.Isolation of eriocitrin (eriodictyol 7-rutinoside) from lemon fruit (Citrus limon BURM. f.) and its antioxidative activityFood Sci. Technol. Int. Tokyo3(1)84-89(1997) 3.Miyake, Y., Shimoi, K., Kumazawa, S., et al.Identification and antioxidant activity of flavonoid metabolites in plasma and urine of eriocitrin-treated ratsJ. Agric. Food Chem.48(8)3217-3224(2000) 4.Minato, K., Miyake, Y., Fukumoto, S., et al.Lemon flavonoid, eriocitrin, suppresses exercise-induced oxidative damage in rat liverLife Sci.72(14)1609-1616(2003) 5.Carradori, S., Gidaro, M.C., Petzer, A., et al.Inhibition of human monoamine oxidase: Biological and molecular modeling studies on selected natural flavonoidsJ. Agric. Food Chem.64(47)9004-9011(2016)