Cephalothin sodium

Cefalothin is a β-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic.^1,2 It inhibits the growth of various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including several strains of S. pyogenes, S. aureus, C. tetani, N. gonorrhoeae, Salmonella, and Shigella (MICs = 0.1-0.2, 0.312-0.625, 0.078, 1.25, 1.56-6.25, and 3.12-12.5 μg/ml, respectively).¹ Cefalothin binds to E. coli penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs; IC₅₀s = <0.25, 16, 37, and 1 μg/ml for PBP1a, 1bs, 2, and 3, respectively, in a radioligand binding assay), which interferes with bacterial morphogenesis.² It exhibits antibacterial activity in mouse models of infection with S. pyogenes, D. pneumoniae, and S. aureus.¹ Formulations containing cefalothin were previously used in the prophylaxis and treatment of bacterial infections.

1.Boniece, W.S., Wick, W.E., Holmes, D.H., et al.In vitro and in vivo laboratory evaluation of cephalothin, a new broad spectrum antibioticJ. Bacteriol.841292-1296(1962) 2.Curtis, N.A.C., Orr, D., Ross, G.W., et al.Affinities of penicillins and cephalosporins for the penicillin-binding proteins of Escherichia coli K-12 and their antibacterial activityAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.16(5)533-539(1979)