Glutaurine
(Synonyms: 磺乙谷酰胺,Litoralon) 目录号 : GC62992
A dipeptide
Cas No.:56488-60-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Glutaurine is a dipeptide composed of L-glutamic acid and taurine that has been found in rat brain.1 It is formed from glutathione and taurine by γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. Glutaurine enhances potassium-induced release of L-glutamate and inhibits kainate-induced formation of cGMP in isolated mouse cerebral cortical slices when used at concentrations of 0.1 and 1 mM, respectively.2 It decreases plasma levels of triiodothyronine (T3) and increases plasma thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in rats when administered at a dose of 600 ?g/kg.3 Glutaurine (50 ?g/animal, p.o.) prevents electroconvulsive shock-induced amnesia in rats.4
1.T?r?k, K., Varga, V., Somogyi, J., et al.Formation of γ-glutamyl-taurine in the rat brainNeurosci. Lett.27(2)145-149(1981) 2.Varga, V., Janáky, R., Marnela, K.-M., et al.Interactions of γ-L-glutamyltaurine with excitatory aminoacidergic neurotransmissionNeurochem. Res.19(3)243-248(1994) 3.Baskin, S.I., Bartuska, D., Thampi, N., et al.The effect of glutaurine on thyroid hormones in the ratNeuropeptides9(1)45-50(1987) 4.Balazs, M., and Telegdy, G.Effects of glutaurine treatment on electroshock-induced amnesia. Antiamnesic action of glutaurineNeuropeptides12(2)55-58(1988)
| Cas No. | 56488-60-9 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 磺乙谷酰胺,Litoralon | ||
| 分子式 | C7H14N2O6S | 分子量 | 254.26 |
| 溶解度 | Water : 125 mg/mL (491.62 mM; Need ultrasonic) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.933 mL | 19.6649 mL | 39.3298 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7866 mL | 3.933 mL | 7.866 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3933 mL | 1.9665 mL | 3.933 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
The effect of Glutaurine on thyroid hormones in the rat
Neuropeptides 1987 Jan;9(1):45-50.PMID:3561723DOI:10.1016/0143-4179(87)90031-x.
Glutaurine (gamma-L-glutamyl taurine), a proposed hormone isolated from parathyroid gland oxyphil cells, was examined for its effect on circulating thyroid hormones in the rat. In acute experiments performed over a 24 hr. period, Glutaurine depressed plasma triiodothyronine (T3) levels in a dose-dependent manner; however, thyroxine (T4) levels were not affected significantly. In chronic experiments performed over a 2 wk. period, Glutaurine significantly increased T3 levels, but, as with acute studies, the effect of T4 levels was not significantly altered. Following acute Glutaurine administration, TSH levels were elevated above control. The increased T3 observed following chronic Glutaurine administration may be due to a secondary increase in TSH levels. These data support the hypothesis that Glutaurine aids in peripheral thyroid hormonal regulation. Observed differences between acute and chronic Glutaurine action are though to result from the effect of Glutaurine on the negative feedback inhibiting action of TSH.
Effect of Glutaurine on the pineal gland of the rat
Acta Morphol Acad Sci Hung 1980;28(3):233-42.PMID:7446224doi
Glutaurine (gamma-L-glutamyl-taurine), the recently discovered hormone of the parathyroid enhances the aggregation and subsequent degeneration of mitochondria in the pinealocyte processes of the rat pineal gland. It also stimulates autophagy, probably through its general lysosome activating effect.
Effects of Glutaurine treatment on electroshock-induced amnesia. Antiamnesic action of Glutaurine
Neuropeptides 1988 Aug-Sep;12(2):55-8.PMID:3185869DOI:10.1016/0143-4179(88)90031-5.
The effects of oral Glutaurine (gamma-L-glutamyl-taurine, LitoralonR Chinoin, Budapest) treatment on electroconvulsive shock-induced amnesia were studied. Oral treatment with Glutaurine in a dose of 1-20 micrograms was ineffective on electroshock-induced amnesia if the treatment was applied before the electroconvulsive shock. Fifty micrograms given in the same experimental paradigm could attenuate the amnesia considerably. When the treatment with Glutaurine was applied immediately after the electroconvulsive shock, even 1 and 10 micrograms doses were effective in attenuating the amnesia in both the 24h and 48h retestings. However when Glutaurine was given one hour before the 24h and 48h retestings, it proved to be ineffective. The data indicate that Glutaurine is able to prevent electroconvulsive shock-induced amnesia by counteracting the effect of the electroconvulsive shock on the memory consolidation phase, but it is less effective on learning or it is ineffective on retrieval processes.
gamma-L-glutamyltaurine
Amino Acids 2005 Jun;28(4):343-56.PMID:15838590DOI:10.1007/s00726-005-0196-7.
The discovery of the dipeptide gamma-glutamyltaurine (gamma-GT; Glutaurine, Litoralon) in the parathyroid in 1980 and later in the brain of mammals gave rise to studies on intrinsic and synthetic taurine peptides of this type. It was suggested that gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT; gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase) in the brain is responsible for the in vivo formation of this unusual dipeptide. gamma-GT has been prepared by both synthetic and enzymatic methods. The chemical syntheses included the use of protecting groups and coupling methods. A wide spectrum of analytical and spectroscopic methods was used to confirm the structure of the synthetic compounds and to elucidate the position of the peptide bond. Enzymatic preparation of gamma-GT from taurine takes advantage of the selective transpeptidation action of GGT on L-glutamine, glutathione, gamma-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide or other glutamine donors. Although the functional roles of gamma-GT in the brain are only poorly understood, many of its established CNS effects have been reported in the last 25 years. Its effect on emotional arousal and its anti-conflict potencies are synergistic with the anxiolytic drug diazepam. gamma-GT exhibits anti-conflict potency, which is exerted by reducing aversion or phobia and/or the anxiety levels. gamma-GT also acts as endogenous modulator in excitatory aminoacidergic neurotransmission. It is suggested that such acidic peptides through N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors could be part of the neurochemical substrate underlying self-stimulation of the medial prefrontal cortex. Other gamma-GT effects in neural systems include: effects on the monoamine concentration in the brain; effects on aggressive behavior in the cat; effects on thyroid hormones in the rat; amelioration of electroshock-induced amnesia; potent and long-lasting antiepileptic action (on intra-amygdaloid injection); affect the glutamatergic system in schizophrenic disorders. Roles for gamma-GT in non-neural systems have also been reported, e.g., effects on the metamorphosis of amphibians; on plasma rennin regulation; on radiation protection; on uric acid levels; on human antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and many more.
Glutaurine enhances the depressed NK cell activity of tumor patients
Immunol Commun 1983 Oct;12(5):519-27.PMID:6642553DOI:10.3109/08820138309051969.
The effect of Glutaurine, a newly discovered parathyroid substance, on human NK cell activity and on lymphocyte markers was studied. Both in vivo and in vitro treatment with Glutaurine markedly enhanced the depressed natural lymphocytotoxicity of tumor patients without influencing their lymphocyte subpopulations. On the other hand it had no effect on the NK cell activity of healthy lymphocytes and of tumor patients' lymphocytes with originally "normal" NK activity. The NK-enhancing effect of Glutaurine could not be explained by augmentation of the number of potential effector cells. It is suggested that Glutaurine increases the originally low spontaneous killer activity of tumor patients' lymphocytes through an indirect regulatory mechanism.