H100

Correction: "Topical treatment for acute phase Peyronie's disease utilizing a new gel, H100: a randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled pilot study"

Interventional stem cell therapy

The ability to deliver cells in appropriate doses to their targeted site of action is a well-known obstacle to optimising stem cell therapy. Systemic administration of cells results in pulmonary "trapping," which significantly decreases the number of available circulating cells to impact underlying disorders. Directed delivery of stem cells in interventional radiology may provide an additional option for bypassing the lungs, as well as introduce novel potential avenues for decreasing doses required to effect cellular therapy, efficiently obtain local paracrine effects, and/or to simplify targeting strategies.

Thiol-Anhydride Dynamic Reversible Networks

The reaction of thiols and anhydrides to form ring opened thioester/acids is shown to be highly reversible and it is accordingly employed in the fabrication of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) that possess tunable dynamic covalent chemistry. Maleic, succinic, and phthalic anhydride derivatives were used as bifunctional reactants in systems with varied stoichiometries, catalyst, and loadings. Dynamic characteristics such as temperature-dependent stress relaxation, direct reprocessing and recycling abilities of a range of thiol-anhydride elastomers, glasses, composites and photopolymers are discussed. Depending on the catalyst strength, 100 % of externally imposed stresses were relaxed in the order of minutes to 2 hours at mild temperatures (80-120 °C). Pristine properties of the original materials were recovered following up to five cycles of a hot-press reprocessing technique (1 h/100 °C).

Taking to "heart" the proposed legislation for permanent daylight saving time

In March 2022, the US Senate passed the Sunshine Protection Act that would abolish the biannual change in clocks each fall and spring and permanently adopt daylight saving time that aligns with the "spring forward" time change each March. A number of scientific and medical societies have endorsed the abolishment of the biannual clock change, but oppose the permanent adoption of daylight saving time. Instead, leading organizations such as the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) and the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms (SRBR) position statements highlight peer-reviewed evidence in favor of a permanent shift to standard time. The present perspectives will summarize some of the key AASM and SRBR recommendations, with a particular focus on the potential cardiovascular implications of a legislative change that would result in a permanent switch to either standard time or daylight saving time. Collectively, although there is building scientific consensus that abolishing the biannual time change has several sleep and circadian health benefits, the preponderance of evidence is opposite to the current legislation and instead suggests a permanent switch to standard time may offer the maximum health and safety benefits. This scientific evidence should be considered as the United States House of Representatives considers the Sunshine Protection Act.

Effects of nordihydroguaiaretic acid on in vitro fermentation profiles of rumen bacteria

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a secondary plant metabolite with antimicrobial properties, and therefore may have potential as a rumen modifier. Two in vitro experiments were conducted to determine the usefulness of NDGA as a rumen modifier. Exp. 1 evaluated the effect of adding 0, 5, 10, 50, and 100 mg/mL NDGA on growth of pure and mixed cultures of rumen bacteria. Growth of all cultures except Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens H17c was inhibited at 50 mg/mL NDGA (P < 0.05). Cultures from whole rumen fluid and B. fibrisolvens H17c were inhibited with 100 mg/mL NDGA (P < 0.05). Exp. 2 evaluated additions of NDGA on IVDMD (48 h) and VFA production. Three dietary substrates simulating different resources available for livestock production and 5 concentrations of NDGA were compared with monensin (47.5 μg/mL, MON, Elanco Animal Health, Indianapolis, IN). Substrates included (DM basis) 100% meadow hay (H100), 50% alfalfa with 50% ground corn (H50), and 90% ground corn with 10% alfalfa (H10). Treatments were 0 (Control; CON), 20, 40, 60, 80 μg/mL NDGA and MON. Treatment means were compared using 2 single degree of freedom contrasts (0 μg/mL NDGA vs. MON and NDGA vs. MON) and orthogonal polynomial contrasts within NDGA concentrations. Monensin fermented with H100 had the least (P < 0.01) IVDMD. A linear increase in IVDMD was observed for H50 (P < 0.01) but not H10 or 100 (P > 0.40). Acetate was quadratic for all substrates tested with NDGA (P < 0.01) and adding NDGA vs. MON resulted in 9% greater values (P < 0.01). Propionate increased by addition of MON compared with CON, which was opposite for acetate. Propionate showed the greatest increase with addition of MON and was dependent on diet vs. CON (H100 vs.H50 vs. H10; 22.5%, 44.4%, and 30.2%, respectively). When H100 was used, total VFA declined linearly by 61% with increasing NDGA (P < 0.01), whereas H50 and H10 were quadratic (P < 0.01) with the greatest total VFA resulting from 40 and 80 mg/mL NDGA for H50 and H10, respectively. Addition of NDGA tended to decrease total VFA (P =0.06) for H100 and H10 by 18.5% and 9.0%, respectively; however, H50 did not differ (P = 0.82) compared with MON. Butyrate increased linearly with increasing NDGA for H10 (P < 0.03) and quadratic for H50 and H100 (P < 0.01). The lowest overall acetate:propionate ratio was obtained with addition of MON to H10 (1.35) and the greatest ratio resulted from adding 60 μg/mL NDGA to H100 (3.63). Rumen fermentation was responsive to NDGA, and the response is dependent on diet.