Hygromycin A
(Synonyms: 匀霉素) 目录号 : GC49694
An antibiotic
Cas No.:6379-56-2
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >95.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Hygromycin A is an antibiotic originally isolated from S. hygroscopicus.1 It is active against numerous spirochete bacteria, including T. pallidum, L. biflexa, and four strains of B. burgdorferi (MICs = 0.03-4 µg/ml for all). Hygromycin A binds to the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) in the 70S ribosomal subunit to inhibit protein synthesis. It completely eliminates bacterial infection in skin biopsies from B. burgdorferi-infected mice in a model of acute Lyme disease when administered at doses ranging from 50 to 250 mg/kg twice per day.
1.Leimer, N., Wu, X., Imai, Y., et al.A selective antibiotic for Lyme diseaseCell184(21)5405-5418.e5416(2021)
| Cas No. | 6379-56-2 | SDF | Download SDF |
| 别名 | 匀霉素 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O[C@H]1[C@@]2([H])[C@@](OCO2)([H])[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]1NC(/C(C)=C/C3=CC(O)=C(C=C3)O[C@H]4[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C(C)=O)O4)=O)O)O | ||
| 分子式 | C23H29NO12 | 分子量 | 511.5 |
| 溶解度 | DMF: 16 mg/mL,DMSO: 10 mg/mL,Ethanol: 12 mg/mL,PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/mL | 储存条件 | -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.955 mL | 9.7752 mL | 19.5503 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.391 mL | 1.955 mL | 3.9101 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1955 mL | 0.9775 mL | 1.955 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Hygromycin A in the Lymelight
Cell Host Microbe 2021 Nov 10;29(11):1599-1601.PMID:34762823DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2021.10.007.
Lyme disease, which is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, is on the rise. Current treatment relies on broad-spectrum antibiotics that perturb the gut microbiome. In a recent paper in Cell, Leimer et al. demonstrate the utility of a long-forgotten antibiotic, Hygromycin A, as a spirochete-specific antibacterial that is conducive to gut health.
A selective antibiotic for Lyme disease
Cell 2021 Oct 14;184(21):5405-5418.e16.PMID:34619078DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2021.09.011.
Lyme disease is on the rise. Caused by a spirochete Borreliella burgdorferi, it affects an estimated 500,000 people in the United States alone. The antibiotics currently used to treat Lyme disease are broad spectrum, damage the microbiome, and select for resistance in non-target bacteria. We therefore sought to identify a compound acting selectively against B. burgdorferi. A screen of soil micro-organisms revealed a compound highly selective against spirochetes, including B. burgdorferi. Unexpectedly, this compound was determined to be Hygromycin A, a known antimicrobial produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Hygromycin A targets the ribosomes and is taken up by B. burgdorferi, explaining its selectivity. Hygromycin A cleared the B. burgdorferi infection in mice, including animals that ingested the compound in a bait, and was less disruptive to the fecal microbiome than clinically relevant antibiotics. This selective antibiotic holds the promise of providing a better therapeutic for Lyme disease and eradicating it in the environment.
Hygromycin A derivatives isolated from Streptomyces sp. PC-22 in the rhizosphere soil of Pulsatilla chinensis
J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2022 Mar;75(3):176-180.PMID:35064242DOI:10.1038/s41429-022-00506-w.
On the basis of the one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) strategy, two new Hygromycin A derivatives (3, 4), together with six known compounds were isolated from a medicinal plant inter rhizospheric Streptomyces in Pulsatilla chinensis. The structures of 3 and 4 were elucidated using NMR and HRESIMS analyses. A plausible biosynthetic pathway for these compounds was discussed. All the compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Compound 5 exhibited potent inhibitory activity against S. aureus and B. subtilis with the MICs of 16 and 8 μg ml-1, while 4 showed weak inhibitory activity against S. aureus.
Hygromycin A, a novel inhibitor of ribosomal peptidyltransferase
Eur J Biochem 1980 Jun;107(2):409-14.PMID:6156832DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1980.tb06044.x.
In cell-free systems from Escherichia coli, Hygromycin A inhibits polypeptide synthesis directed by either poly(U) or phage R 17 RNA, and the reaction of puromycin with either natural peptidyl-tRNA, or AcPhe-tRNA, or the 3'-terminal fragment of AcLeu-tRNA (C-A-C-C-A-LeuAc). In contrast, the antibiotic does no inhibit the enzymatic binding of Phe-tRNA to ribosomes or the translocation of AcPhe-tRNA. It is concluded that Hygromycin A is a specific inhibitor of the peptide bond formation step of protein synthesis. The action of Hygromycin A on peptidyl transfer is similar to that of chloramphenicol, an antibiotic that shares some common structural features with Hygromycin A. Both antibiotics inhibit the binding of C-A-C-C-A-Leu to the acceptor site of peptidyl transferase and stimulate that of C-A-C-C-A-LeuAc to the donor site of the enzyme. Moreover, Hygromycin A blocks the binding of chloramphenicol to ribosomes, indicating that the binding sites of the antibiotics may be closely related. Hygromycin A is a more potent agent than chloramphenicol and binds quite strongly to ribosomes.
Synthesis of the aminocyclitol units of (-)-hygromycin A and methoxyhygromycin from myo-inositol
J Org Chem 2012 Jul 6;77(13):5801-7.PMID:22663090DOI:10.1021/jo300444b.
Concise and efficient syntheses of the aminocyclitol cores of Hygromycin A (HMA) and methoxyhygromycin (MHM) have been achieved starting from readily available myo-inositol. Reductive cleavage of myo-inositol orthoformate to the corresponding 1,3-acetal, stereospecific introduction of the amino group via the azide, and resolution of a racemic cyclitol derivative as its diastereomeric mandelate esters are the key steps in the synthesis. Synthesis of the aminocyclitol core of Hygromycin A involved chromatography in half of the total number of steps, and the aminocyclitol core of methoxyhygromycin involved only one chromatography.