Hyocholic Acid
(Synonyms: 猪胆酸,γ-Muricholic Acid) 目录号 : GC40717
猪胆酸（Hyocholic Acid; γ-Muricholic Acid）是猪和其他哺乳动物的主要胆汁酸，也在胆汁淤积患者的尿液样本中发现。
Cas No.:547-75-1
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Hyocholic acid (γ-Muricholic acid) is the major bile acid in pigs and other mammals and is also found in urine samples of patients with cholestasis[1]. Hyocholic acid promotes intracellular glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion by activating G protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5) and inhibiting farnesoid X receptor (FXR), thereby improving glucose homeostasis[2]. Hyocholic acid can be used as a novel biomarker for metabolic disorders and can resist type 2 diabetes[3].
In vitro, treatment of STC-1 and NCI-H716 cells with hyocholic acid (25, 50 μM) for 24 h upregulated GLP-1 protein secretion and proglucagon gene transcription in cells [4].
In vivo, oral treatment of diabetic mice with hyocholic acid (100 mg/kg) reduced blood glucose levels, increased fasting insulin levels, and upregulated serum GLP-1 levels through TGR5 and FXR signaling in vivo [4]. Oral treatment of nonalcoholic hepatitis mice with hyocholic acid (10, 100 mg/kg) for 16 weeks alleviated hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet, reduced the production of lipid peroxides in a dose-dependent manner, and prevented hepatocyte apoptosis[5].
References:
[1] Lundell K, Wikvall K. Species-specific and age-dependent bile acid composition: aspects on CYP8B and CYP4A subfamilies in bile acid biosynthesis[J]. Current drug metabolism, 2008, 9(4): 323-331.
[2] Jia W, Rajani C, Zheng X, et al. Hyocholic acid and glycemic regulation: Comments on ‘Hyocholic acid species improve glucose homeostasis through a distinct TGR5 and FXR signaling mechanism’[J]. Journal of Molecular Cell Biology, 2021, 13(6): 460-462.
[3] Zheng X, Chen T, Zhao A, et al. Hyocholic acid species as novel biomarkers for metabolic disorders[J]. Nature communications, 2021, 12(1): 1487.
[4] Zheng X, Chen T, Jiang R, et al. Hyocholic acid species improve glucose homeostasis through a distinct TGR5 and FXR signaling mechanism[J]. Cell metabolism, 2021, 33(4): 791-803. e7.
[5] Xie Y, Shen F, He Y, et al. Gamma-muricholic acid inhibits nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Abolishment of steatosis-dependent peroxidative impairment by FXR/SHP/LXRα/FASN signaling[J]. Nutrients, 2023, 15(5): 1255.
猪胆酸（Hyocholic Acid; γ-Muricholic Acid）是猪和其他哺乳动物的主要胆汁酸，也在胆汁淤积患者的尿液样本中发现[1]。Hyocholic Acid通过激活G蛋白偶联胆汁酸受体（TGR5）和抑制法尼醇X受体（FXR）促进细胞内胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）分泌，改善葡萄糖稳态[2]。Hyocholic Acid可作为代谢紊乱的新型生物标志物，可抵抗2型糖尿病[3]。
在体外，Hyocholic Acid（25, 50μM）处理STC-1和NCI-H716细胞24h，上调了细胞中的GLP-1蛋白分泌和胰高血糖素原基因转录[4]。
在体内，Hyocholic Acid（100mg/kg）通过口服治疗糖尿病模型小鼠，降低了血糖水平，升高了空腹胰岛素水平，通过体内TGR5和FXR信号传导上调了血清GLP-1水平[4]。Hyocholic Acid（10、100mg/kg）通过口服治疗非酒精性肝炎小鼠16周，可减轻由高脂肪高胆固醇（HFHC）饮食引起的肝脏脂肪变性，剂量依赖性地减少了脂质过氧化物的产生，阻止了肝细胞凋亡过程[5]。
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | STC-1 and NCI-H716 cells |
Preparation Method | Cells were treated with different concentrations (5, 25, and 50μM) of Hyocholic Acid with 24h treatment for determination of GLP-1 secretion and proglucagon transcription. |
Reaction Conditions | 5, 25, 50μM; 24h |
Applications | Hyocholic Acid upregulates GLP-1 protein secretion and proglucagon gene transcription in STC-1 and NCI-H716 cells. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | C57BL/6 mice |
Preparation Method | C57BL/6 mice were randomized into the normal control (NC), NASH, NASH+vehicle, NASH+10mg/kg Hyocholic Acid, and NASH+100mg/kg Hyocholic Acid groups, respectively. Except for those in the NC group with a normal diet, all the mice were exposed to the high-fat high-cholesterol(HFHC) diet (2% cholesterol, 10% lard, and 88% normal diet) for 16 weeks. |
Dosage form | 10、100mg/kg; p.o. |
Applications | Hyocholic Acid attenuated rodent liver steatosis induced by the HFHC diet. Hyocholic Acid treatment dose-dependently reduced the production of lipid peroxides. Hyocholic Acid treatment dose-dependently prevented hepatocytes from the apoptotic process. |
References: [1]Zheng X, Chen T, Jiang R, et al. Hyocholic acid species improve glucose homeostasis through a distinct TGR5 and FXR signaling mechanism[J]. Cell metabolism, 2021, 33(4): 791-803. e7. [2]Xie Y, Shen F, He Y, et al. Gamma-muricholic acid inhibits nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Abolishment of steatosis-dependent peroxidative impairment by FXR/SHP/LXRα/FASN signaling[J]. Nutrients, 2023, 15(5): 1255. | |
| Cas No. | 547-75-1 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 猪胆酸,γ-Muricholic Acid | ||
| 化学名 | (5β)-3α,6α,7α-trihydroxy-cholan-24-oic acid | ||
| Canonical SMILES | C[C@H](CCC(O)=O)[C@@]1([H])CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@]4([H])C[C@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@@]21C | ||
| 分子式 | C24H40O5 | 分子量 | 408.6 |
| 溶解度 | 30 mg/ml in DMF, 20 mg/ml in DMSO, 20 mg/ml in Ethanol | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.4474 mL | 12.2369 mL | 24.4738 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4895 mL | 2.4474 mL | 4.8948 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2447 mL | 1.2237 mL | 2.4474 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >97.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet