Ioxilan
(Synonyms: 碘昔兰) 目录号 : GC39493
Ioxilan 是一种低渗，非离子和三碘化的诊断造影剂。Ioxilan 还是 X 射线造影剂，用于排泄性尿路造影和头部和身体的造影剂增强计算机断层扫描 (CECT) 成像。血管内注射使造影剂流动路径中的血管变得不透明，从而可以对人体内部结构进行射线照相可视化，直到发生明显的血液稀释为止。
Cas No.:107793-72-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Ioxilan is a low-osmolar, nonionic and tri-iodinated diagnostic contrast agent. Ioxilan is also an X-ray contrast agent for excretory urography and contrast enhanced computed tomographic (CECT) imaging of the head and body. Intravascular injection results in opacification of vessels in the path of flow of the contrast medium, permitting radiographic visualization of the internal structures of the human body until significant hemodilution occurs[1][2][3].
[1]. Cheng KT. Ioxilan carbonate particles. National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2013. 2007 Sep 1. [2]. Chow SL, et al. Effect of iodixanol and ioxilan on QT interval and renal function in patients with systolic heart failure. Int J Cardiol. 2012 Jan 12;154(1):17-21. [3]. Nonionic Contrast Agents.
| Cas No. | 107793-72-6 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 碘昔兰 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(C1=C(I)C(N(C(C)=O)CC(O)CO)=C(I)C(C(NCCO)=O)=C1I)NCC(O)CO | ||
| 分子式 | C18H24I3N3O8 | 分子量 | 791.11 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: ≥ 250 mg/mL (316.01 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.264 mL | 6.3202 mL | 12.6405 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.2528 mL | 1.264 mL | 2.5281 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1264 mL | 0.632 mL | 1.264 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Intravenous injection of Ioxilan, iohexol and diatrizoate. Effects on urine profiles in the rat
Acta Radiol 1988 Jan-Feb;29(1):131-6.PMID:2964835doi
Effects of intravenous Ioxilan, a new third generation non-ionic contrast medium, diatrizoate, iohexol and saline on urine profiles were compared. Albumin, glucose, sodium, phosphate, and the enzymes NAG, LDH and GGT were followed in 24 normal rats over 7 days. Diatrizoate significantly affected all profile components during the first two hours. Albuminuria was significantly greater after diatrizoate than after iohexol or Ioxilan, and excretion of glucose, LDH and GGT was significantly higher than after Ioxilan. Both iohexol and Ioxilan increased the excretion of albumin, LDH and GGT, while iohexol also significantly increased excretion of glucose and sodium. There was a greater excretion of glucose and GGT after iohexol than after Ioxilan. Saline did not induce any changes. At day 7, serum sodium, urea, creatinine, and albumin were normal for all test substances, and kidney histology revealed no difference between the groups of animals. It is thus concluded that both high osmolar ionic and low osmolar non-ionic contrast media may cause temporary glomerular and tubular dysfunction in rats. In this model, the kidney is affected most by diatrizoate, less by iohexol, and least by Ioxilan.
Functional and morphologic effects of Ioxilan, iohexol, and diatrizoate on endothelial cells
Invest Radiol 1988 Sep;23 Suppl 1:S147-9.PMID:3264276DOI:10.1097/00004424-198809001-00022.
The effects of a new contrast agent, Ioxilan, on vascular endothelium were compared with those of iohexol and diatrizoate. Rabbit aortic rings were incubated in contrast medium (CM) (350 mgI/mL) or Krebs solution as a control agent, for 5 minutes. Scanning and transmission electron micrographs showed that iohexol and Ioxilan produced irregularities in the cell borders and in some vesicles, whereas diatrizoate produced intercellular gaps and numerous vesicles containing myelin figures. The ability of the endothelial cells to release endothelium-derived relaxing factor was tested by measuring the dilator response to acetylcholine. Incubation of aortic rings in CM for 5 minutes caused no changes in responses. However, 15-minute contact with diatrizoate irreversibly reduced the dilator response to 49%, and contact with sucrose (2100 mOsm/kg) reduced it to 9%. After incubation for 60 minutes, iohexol reduced the dilator response to 43%, while Ioxilan caused no change. Since the hydrophilicity of the nonionic compounds, Ioxilan and iohexol, is similar, while Ioxilan's osmolality is substantially lower, the endothelial changes detected by electron microscopy and induced by the CM are attributable to their chemical properties, whereas the loss of dilator response appears to be mediated by high osmolality.
Ioxilan, a third generation low osmolality nonionic contrast medium. Systemic and renal hemodynamic effects
Invest Radiol 1990 Jan;25(1):46-51.PMID:2404899DOI:10.1097/00004424-199001000-00013.
The choice between high cost, low toxicity nonionic contrast media (CM) and low cost ionic CM poses a dilemma for radiologists. Ioxilan, a third generation nonionic CM, is obtained by simple conversion from an ionic CM. To examine how this economically promising, low osmolality CM (570 mOsm at 300 mgI/ml) affects canine systemic and renal hemodynamics, IV bolus injections of 350 mgI/ml at 2 ml/kg of Iohexol and Ioxilan were compared. Satisfactory nephrograms and pyelograms were produced by both agents, without significant differences. The effects on systemic and renal hemodynamics were minimal and statistically equal for both CM. The acute systemic and renal responses and radiographic image quality of Ioxilan and Iohexol confirm that the two compounds are biologically equivalent, and that the novel molecular design employed in Ioxilan to achieve very low osmolality also provides good biological tolerance.
The risk of contrast media-induced ventricular fibrillation is low in canine coronary arteriography with Ioxilan
J Vet Med Sci 2000 Apr;62(4):421-6.PMID:10823730DOI:10.1292/jvms.62.421.
Previous studies have proposed that sodium supplement to nonionic contrast media (CM) can decrease the risk of ventricular fibrillation (VF). This study was designed to compare the occurence of VF induced by Ioxilan (containing 9 mmol/LNa+) with other nonionic CMs. After wedging a catheter in the right coronary artery, test solutions including Ioxilan, ioversol, iomeprol, and iopromide were infused for 30 sec at the rate of 0.4 ml/sec or until VF occurred. Then, incidence of VF, contact time (i.e. the time required to produce VF), and QTc were measured. Also, the CMs other than Ioxilan were investigated at sodium levels adjusted to 9 and 20 mmol/L Na+. The incidence of VF with Ioxilan (0%) was the lowest of all. In the other CMs, the incidence decreased in accordance with increase of sodium. Iomeprol and iopromide showed significant reduction of VF incidence at the sodium level of 20 mmol/L. The higher sodium supplements also prolonged the contact times. The increase of QTc was the greatest in Ioxilan. Ioxilan has the least arrythmogenic property among the current low-osmolality nonionic CMs. This property might be attributable to an optimal sodium concentration of 9 mmol/L in the CM.
Isomerism in iohexol and Ioxilan. Analysis and implications
Invest Radiol 1988 Sep;23 Suppl 1:S106-9.PMID:3198329DOI:10.1097/00004424-198809001-00011.
Pharmacologically useful contrast media (CM) must be highly water-soluble to form stable supersaturated solutions. Iohexol and Ioxilan both contain centers of potential isomerism stemming from the D,L hydroxyalkyls, the carbamoyl substituents, the alkylated anilide nitrogen and the acetylated anilide. The D,L isomers are individual compounds, both highly water-soluble and equally highly hydrophilic. The carbamoyl rotamers result from steric restriction by the adjacent iodines, and are interconvertible at physiologic temperature ranges; only at low temperatures can high field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) identify them. The isomers resulting from the alkylated anilide are fixed, but since they can exist only by reference to fixed carbamoyls, they are not relevant at physiologic temperatures. The N-acetyl endo-/exo-isomers are crystallizable from alcoholic solvents and identifiable by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and hydrogen-1 (1H) and 13C NMR. They interconvert rapidly in water, forming stable and highly soluble mixtures. All isomers of iohexol or Ioxilan, based on HPLC, are similarly highly hydrophilic, and are expected to show low binding to biomacromolecules with a concomitantly high biological tolerance. Since these mixtures are unavoidable, they must be considered a pharmacologic entity.