Kanamycin Sulfate

Kanamycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside bacteriocidal antibiotic which acts by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomes.
Kanamycin sulfate at the concentration above 0.0025% has a significant inhibition on the growth of B. bifidum and has no influence on the other four probiotics at incubation 12 h or 24 h. The optimum selective concentration of kanamycin sulfate in MRS media is 0.005% for selective enumeration of B.bifidum[3]
The neurons damage of the DCN caused by kanamycin (500 mg/kg/day) is reversible and autophagy is upregulated in the neurotoxic course of kanamycin on DCN through JNK1-mediated phosphorylation of Bcl-2 pathway in rats. The serum BUN and Cr levels are both increased at the 1st day after the period of kanamycin administration. The neurons expressing LC3 are increased at 1, 7 and 14 days after kanamycin administration in comparison to the control group. Kanamycin treatment results in the increase of autophagy in a time-dependent manner[1]. Kanamycin sulfate (5 mg/kg) and sodium ampicillin (10 mg/kg) administered intramuscularly (i.m.) separately, and then together, to five pony mares, and the ampicillin concentration exceeds 5 mg/mL in inflamed synovial fluid for some 2.5 h after injection, and kanamycin sulfate concentration exceeds 2 mg/mL for 7 h in the pony[2].
Kanamycin sulfate是一种氨基糖苷类杀菌抗生素，通过结合到细菌30S核糖体发挥作用。 在培养12小时或24小时时，0.0025%以上的Kanamycin sulfate对B. bifidum的生长有显著的抑制作用，并且对其他四种益生菌没有影响。在MRS培养基中，Kanamycin sulfate的最佳选择浓度为0.005%，用于选择性枚举B.bifidum[3]。 大鼠的DCN神经元受到kanamycin (500mg/kg/day)损害是可逆的，并且在kanamycin对DCN的神经毒性过程中，自噬通过JNK1介导的Bcl-2途径磷酸化上调。在kanamycin给药后的第1天，血清BUN和Cr水平均增加。与对照组相比，kanamycin给药后1、7和14天表达LC3的神经元增加。kanamycin治疗导致自噬的时间依赖性增加[1]。将Kanamycin sulfate（5mg/kg）和氨苄青霉素钠（10mg/kg）分别通过肌肉注射（i.m.）给予五匹小马，然后一起给予，青霉素钠浓度在注射后的炎症滑液中超过5mg/mL，而Kanamycin sulfate的浓度在小马体内超过2mg/mL持续7小时[2]。

Reference:
[1]. Fan GR, et al. Reversible neurotoxicity of kanamycin on dorsal cochlear nucleus. Brain Res. 2013 Jan 17. pii: S0006-8993(13)00068-1.
[2]. Mohamed el SW, et al. Tongue actinomycetoma due to Actinomadura madurae: a rare clinical presentation. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012 Nov;70(11):e622-4.
[3]. Guo WS, et al. Effect of Kanamycin Sulfate and Gentamicin on Growth of Probiotics. Advanced Materials Research,2011, 366, 490-493.
[4]. Firth EC, et al. Effect of induced synovial inflammation on pharmacokinetics and synovial concentration of sodium ampicillin and kanamycin sulfate after systemic administration in ponies. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1988 Mar;11(1):56-62.