Karenitecin (Cositecan)
(Synonyms: (4S)-4-乙基-4-羟基-11-(2-三甲基硅基)乙基)-1H-吡喃并[3',4':6,7]氮茚并[1,2-B]喹啉-3,14(4H,12H)-二酮,Cositecan; BNP 1350) 目录号 : GC34144
Karenitecin (Cositecan) (Cositecan) 是一种拓扑异构酶 I 抑制剂，具有有效的抗癌活性。
Cas No.:203923-89-1
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
;)
,-1-7$$$37316672.jpg');)
;)
;)
$$$36806353.jpg');)
;33(7)%EF%BC%9A546-561$$$37156877.jpg');)
;)
;)
;)
%201124-1138.$$$35908550.jpg');)
%20766-780.$$$37100057.jpg');)
%20418-432.$$$36893736.jpg');)
%EF%BC%9A-240-255.$$$35108512.jpg');)
533-545$$$36543525.jpg');)
%201-13.$$$36600053.jpg');)
;)
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Cell experiment: | sup>[1]Cell growth inhibition is determined using the total protein SRB assay as described elsewhere. Briefly, 600 cells/well are seeded onto 96-well plates. After 24 h, exponentially growing A253 cells are treated with Karenitecin, which is diluted in culture medium, for 2 h. At four doubling times after drug exposure, the cells are fixed with 10% trichloroacetic acid and further processed according to the published SRB procedure. The optical density is measured at 570 nm. Antiproliferative activities are expressed as drug concentrations that induce growth inhibition of 50 or 90% compared with growth of untreated controls (IC50 and IC90 values)[1]. |
Animal experiment: | Mice[2]The human tumor xenografts grown in nude mice are measured twice a week in 3 dimensions with vernier calipers. The volume is calculated by the equation length × width × thickness × 0.5, and expressed in mm3. At the start of treatment (designated as day 0), groups of 5 to 6 tumor-bearing mice are formed to provide a mean tumor volume of approximately 150 mm3 in each group. Doses of Karenitecin and CPT-11 for the daily × 5 schedule are administered according to the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for tumor-bearing mice. This maximum tolerated dose is based on the occurrence of a mean weight loss of approximately 10% of the initial weight within the first 2 weeks after the start of the treatment. Recovery of the weight loss should be completed on day 14; consequently, mice are weighed on weekdays for 2 weeks and, thereafter, twice a week. The MTD is assessed in groups of 3 non-tumor-bearing nude mice per dose level[2]. |
References: [1]. Yin MB, et al. Characterization of protein kinase chk1 essential for the cell cycle checkpoint after exposure of human head and neck carcinoma A253 cells to a novel topoisomerase I inhibitor BNP1350. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Mar;57(3):453-9. | |
Karenitecin (Cositecan) is a topoisomerase I inhibitor, with potent anti-cancer activity.
Karenitecin is a topoisomerase I inhibitor, with potent anti-cancer activity. Karenitecin inhibits cell growth of A253 cells with IC10, IC50, and IC90 values of 0.01, 0.07, and 0.7 μM after 2 h treatment. Karenitecin induces DNA damage (0.01, 0.07, and 0.7 μM), and increases cyclin E and cdk2 protein expression in A253 cells (0.07, and 0.7 μM). Karenitecin markedly enhances the cyclin B/cdc2-associated kinase activity at low concentration, but slightly suppresses this kinase activity at higher concentration[1]. Karenitecin inhibits several human colon cancer cell lines such as COLO205, COLO320, LS174T, SW1398 and WiDr cells, with IC50s of 2.4 nM, 1.5 nM, 1.6 nM, 2.9 nM, and 3.2 nM, respectively[2].
Karenitecin shows maximum growth inhibition of 61% on COLO320 cells and 54% on COLO205 colon cancer cells via i.p. administration of 1 mg/kg in mice. Karenitecin (1.0 mg/kg daily × 5 i.p.) significantly suppresses growth inhibition both in the parental Pgp-negative xenografts and in the Pgp-positive xenografts[2].
[1]. Yin MB, et al. Characterization of protein kinase chk1 essential for the cell cycle checkpoint after exposure of human head and neck carcinoma A253 cells to a novel topoisomerase I inhibitor BNP1350. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Mar;57(3):453-9. [2]. Van Hattum AH, et al. New highly lipophilic camptothecin BNP1350 is an effective drug in experimental human cancer. Int J Cancer. 2000 Oct 15;88(2):260-6.
| Cas No. | 203923-89-1 | SDF | |
| 别名 | (4S)-4-乙基-4-羟基-11-(2-三甲基硅基)乙基)-1H-吡喃并[3',4':6,7]氮茚并[1,2-B]喹啉-3,14(4H,12H)-二酮,Cositecan; BNP 1350 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C1[C@](O)(CC)C2=C(CO1)C(N3CC4=C(CC[Si](C)(C)C)C5=CC=CC=C5N=C4C3=C2)=O | ||
| 分子式 | C25H28N2O4Si | 分子量 | 448.59 |
| 溶解度 | Soluble in DMSO | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
||
| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
 |
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.2292 mL | 11.146 mL | 22.2921 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4458 mL | 2.2292 mL | 4.4584 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2229 mL | 1.1146 mL | 2.2292 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Preclinical and clinical activity of the topoisomerase I inhibitor, Karenitecin, in melanoma
Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2011 Nov;20(11):1565-74.PMID:21985236DOI:10.1517/13543784.2011.617740.
Introduction: This review covers the preclinical and clinical activity of the novel camptothecin analog, Karenitecin, in melanoma. Areas covered: While the camptothecins are widely used antitumor agents that inhibit topoisomerase I, their utility is limited by instability, high interpatient variability and the development of drug resistance. Karenitecin was rationally designed to overcome these limitations. The authors review the data on Karenitecin in preclinical models and in clinical trials in melanoma using studies published in Medline and reports presented at AACR and ASCO. Expert opinion: Karenitecin shows activity in melanoma, both as a single agent and in combination. In adverse prognostic factor melanoma, Karenitecin showed prolonged disease stabilization in 34% of patients. Because preclinical studies suggested a synergistic interaction between Karenitecin and HDAC inhibitors, a schedule-specific combination Phase I-II trial of valproic acid and Karenitecin was carried out in heavily pretreated melanoma patients which showed a benefit rate in 47% patients with acceptable toxicity. The treatment for melanoma is in rapid transition and genomic profiling is now an integral part, and hence the optimal use of Karenitecin in melanoma should be re-evaluated with regard to specific mutational status.
Stabilization of the Karenitecin® lactone by alpha-1 acid glycoprotein
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2015 Apr;75(4):719-28.PMID:25634596DOI:10.1007/s00280-015-2686-y.
Purpose: Camptothecins contain a lactone ring that is necessary for antitumor activity, and hydrolysis of the lactone ring yields an inactive carboxylate species. Human serum albumin (HSA) and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) are clinically significant plasma proteins thought to have important roles in camptothecin lactone stability. Herein, we examined the effect(s) of HSA and AGP on the lactone stability of Karenitecin, a novel, highly lipophilic camptothecin analog, currently at the phase 3 clinical testing stage. Methods: An AGP-immobilized protein column was used to develop HPLC methods to evaluate the effect(s) of physiologically relevant HSA and AGP concentrations on the lactone/carboxylate ratio and hydrolysis kinetics of Karenitecin, camptothecin (CPT), and topotecan (TPT). Results: Physiologically relevant concentrations of HSA and AGP substantially slowed Karenitecin lactone hydrolysis. AGP was notably more effective at protecting the Karenitecin lactone from hydrolysis than HSA was in promoting hydrolysis. Additionally, AGP reversed the hydrolysis of partially hydrolyzed Karenitecin lactone. In contrast, HSA and AGP had minimal effects on hydrolysis of the TPT lactone, while the AGP/HSA solutions dramatically accelerated hydrolysis of the CPT lactone. Conclusion: AGP strongly enhances the lactone stability of Karenitecin. Since Karenitecin is highly protein-bound in human plasma and exhibits greater lactone stability, relative to other camptothecins, in patient plasma samples, this newly identified role of AGP in promoting lactone stability may have important implications for the design of more effective anticancer agents within the Karentecin™ and camptothecin classes.
Synergy of Karenitecin and mafosfamide in pediatric leukemia, medulloblastoma, and neuroblastoma cell lines
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008 Apr;50(4):757-60.PMID:17849472DOI:10.1002/pbc.21330.
Background: A major barrier to treatment of leptomeningeal disease is the lack of proven combination chemotherapy regimens for intrathecal administration. The purpose of this study was to determine the cytotoxic effects of Karenitecin and mafosfamide in vitro against leukemia, medulloblastoma, and neuroblastoma cell lines. Procedure: A modified methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to determine the sensitivity of the cells to Karenitecin and mafosfamide. Cells were exposed to drug for 72 hr, after which the number of surviving cells was quantitated. For drug combination experiments, cells were exposed to medium alone (controls), single drugs alone (mafosfamide only, Karenitecin only) or to different concentrations of the combination of the two drugs (Karenitecin + mafosfamide), for a total of 36 concentration pairs per plate. The universal response surface approach (URSA) was used to analyze the cytotoxic effects of the combination of Karenitecin and mafosfamide. Results: The IC(50)s of Karenitecin and mafosfamide for the various cell lines were similar. For both drugs nearly complete inhibition of cell growth was demonstrated at higher concentrations in all cell lines. In the neuroblastoma cell lines (SK-N-DZ; SK-N-SH) and the DAOY medulloblastoma cell line, the combination of Karenitecin and mafosfamide were synergistic. In the D283 medulloblastoma and both the leukemia cell lines (JM1 and Molt-4), the drug interaction was additive. Antagonism was not seen in any cell line. Conclusions: Karenitecin and mafosfamide are additive or synergistic in vitro against tumor types that disseminate to the leptomeninges. These results provide guidance for the choice of potential combination intrathecal regimens.
Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of Karenitecin in patients with recurrent malignant gliomas
Neuro Oncol 2008 Aug;10(4):608-16.PMID:18577560DOI:10.1215/15228517-2008-030.
Karenitecin is a highly lipophilic camptothecin analogue with a lactone ring that is relatively resistant to inactivating hydrolysis under physiologic conditions. This phase I clinical trial was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of Karenitecin in adults with recurrent malignant glioma (MG), to describe the effects of enzyme-inducing antiseizure drugs (EIASDs) on its pharmacokinetics, and to obtain preliminary evidence of activity. Karenitecin was administered intravenously over 60 min daily for 5 consecutive days every 3 weeks to adults with recurrent MG who had no more than one prior chemotherapy regimen. The continual reassessment method was used to escalate doses, beginning at 1.0 mg/m(2)/day, in patients stratified by EIASD use. Treatment was continued until disease progression or treatment-related dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). Plasma pharmacokinetics was determined for the first daily dose of Karenitecin. Thirty-two patients (median age, 52 years; median KPS score, 90) were accrued. Seventy-eight percent had glioblastoma, and 22% had anaplastic glioma. DLT was reversible neutropenia or thrombocytopenia. The MTD was 2.0 mg/m(2) in daggerEIASD patients and 1.5 mg/m(2) in -EIASD patients. The mean (+/-SD) total body clearance of Karenitecin was 15.9 +/- 9.6 liters/h/m(2) in daggerEIASD patients and 10.2 +/- 3.5 liters/h/m(2) in -EIASD patients (p = 0.02). No objective responses were observed in 11 patients treated at or above the MTD. The total body clearance of Karenitecin is significantly enhanced by the concurrent administration of EIASDs. This schedule of Karenitecin, a novel lipophilic camptothecin analogue, has little activity in recurrent MG.
Gateways to clinical trials
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2008 Oct;30(8):643-72.PMID:19088949doi
Gateways to clinical trials is a guide to the most recent trials in current literature and congresses. The data in the following tables has been retrieved from the Clinical Trials Knowledge Area of Prous Science Integrity(R), the drug discovery and development portal, http://integrity.prous.com. This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: (+)-Dapoxetine hydrochloride, (S)-Tenatoprazole sodium salt monohydrate 19-28z, Acotiamide hydrochloride hydrate, ADV-TK, AE-37, Aflibercept, Albinterferon alfa-2b, Aliskiren fumarate, Asenapine maleate, Axitinib; Bavituximab, Becatecarin, beta-1,3/1,6-Glucan, Bevacizumab, Bremelanotide; Calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate, Casopitant mesylate, Catumaxomab, CDX-110, Cediranib, CMD-193, Cositecan; Darinaparsin, Denosumab, DP-b99, Duloxetine hydrochloride; E75, Ecogramostim, Elacytarabine, EMD-273063, EndoTAG-1, Enzastaurin hydrochloride, Eplerenone, Eribulin mesilate, Esomeprazole magnesium, Etravirine, Everolimus, Ezetimibe; Faropenem daloxate, Febuxostat, Fenretinide; Ghrelin (human); I-131 ch-TNT-1/B, I-131-3F8, Iclaprim, Iguratimod, Iloperidone, Imatinib mesylate, Inalimarev/Falimarev, Indacaterol, Ipilimumab, Iratumumab, Ispinesib mesylate, Ixabepilone; Lapatinib ditosylate, Laquinimod sodium, Larotaxel dehydrate, Linezolid, LOR-2040; Mapatumumab, MKC-1, Motesanib diphosphate, Mycophenolic acid sodium salt; NK-012; Olanzapine pamoate, Oncolytic HSV, Ortataxel; Paclitaxel nanoparticles, Paclitaxel poliglumex, Paliperidone palmitate, Panitumumab, Patupilone, PCV-9, Pegfilgrastim, Peginterferon alfa-2a, Peginterferon alfa-2b, Pertuzumab, Picoplatin, Pimavanserin tartrate, Pimecrolimus, Plerixafor hydrochloride, PM-02734, Poly I:CLC, PR1, Prasugrel, Pregabalin, Progesterone caproate, Prucalopride, Pumosetrag hydrochloride; RAV-12, RB-006, RB-007, Recombinant human erythropoietin alfa, Rimonabant, Romidepsin; SAR-109659, Satraplatin, Sodium butyrate; Tadalafil, Talampanel, Tanespimycin, Tarenflurbil, Tariquidar, Taurine, Tecovirimat, Telatinib, Telavancin hydrochloride, Telcagepant, Terameprocol, Tesofensine, Tetrodotoxin, Tezampanel, Tipifarnib, TPI-287, Tremelimumab; Valspodar, Vatalanib succinate, VCL-CB01, vCP1452, Vorinostat; XL-228; Ziprasidone hydrochloride.