Kojic acid
(Synonyms: 曲酸) 目录号 : GC32365
A tyrosinase inhibitor
Cas No.:501-30-4
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >99.50%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Kojic acid is a fungal metabolite that inhibits tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in melanin synthesis, with an IC50 value of 30.6 ?M for mushroom tyrosinase.1 It decreases growth of Leishmania parasites in vitro and in vivo, and it protects mice from damage induced by gamma irradiation.2,3 Kojic acid has been used as a food additive to prevent enzymatic browning.4 Formulations containing kojic acid are used in the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders.5
1.Lee, Y.S., Park, J.H., Kim, M.H., et al.Synthesis of tyrosinase inhibitory kojic acid derivativeArch. Pharm. (Weinheim)339(3)111-114(2006) 2.Rodrigues, A.P., Farias, L.H., Carvalho, A.S., et al.A novel function for kojic acid, a secondary metabolite from Aspergillus fungi, as antileishmanial agentPLoS One9(3)e91259(2014) 3.Wang, K., Liu, C., Di, C.-J., et al.Kojic acid protects C57BL/6 mice from gamma-irradiation induced damageAsian Pac. J. Cancer Prev.15(1)291-297(2014) 4.Burdock, G.A., Soni, M.G., and Carabin, I.G.Evaluation of health aspects of kojic acid in foodRegul. Toxicol. Pharmacol.33(1)80-101(2001) 5.Kim, Y.M., Yun, J., Lee, C.K., et al.Oxyresveratrol and hydroxystilbene compounds. Inhbitory effect on tyrosinase and mechanism of actionJ. Biol. Chem.277(18)16340-16344(2002)
| Cas No. | 501-30-4 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 曲酸 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C1C=C(CO)OC=C1O | ||
| 分子式 | C6H6O4 | 分子量 | 142.11 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: ≥ 100 mg/mL (703.68 mM); Water: 50 mg/mL (351.84 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at RT |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 7.0368 mL | 35.184 mL | 70.368 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.4074 mL | 7.0368 mL | 14.0736 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.7037 mL | 3.5184 mL | 7.0368 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Kojic acid applications in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations
Biomed Pharmacother 2019 Feb;110:582-593.PMID:30537675DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.006.
Skin color disorders can be caused by various factors, such as excessive exposure to sunlight, aging and hormonal imbalance during pregnancy, or taking some medications. Kojic acid (KA) is a natural metabolite produced by fungi that has the ability to inhibit tyrosinase activity in synthesis of melanin. The major applications of KA and its derivatives in medicine are based on their biocompatibility, antimicrobial and antiviral, antitumor, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-speck, anti-parasitic, and pesticidal and insecticidal properties. In addition, KA and its derivatives are used as anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, radio protective and skin-lightening agent in skin creams, lotions, soaps, and dental care products. KA has the ability to act as a UV protector, suppressor of hyperpigmentation in human and restrainer of melanin formation, due to its tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Also, KA could be developed as a chemo sensitizer to enhance efficacy of commercial antifungal drugs or fungicides. In general, KA and its derivatives have wide applications in cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.
Kojic acid for Melasma: Popular Ingredient in Skincare Products
Skinmed 2020 Oct 1;18(5):271-273.PMID:33160435doi
Melasma is a common skin condition that affects many patients with hyperpigmented patches on sun-exposed facial skin. It disproportionately affects people of Asian, African, and Hispanic descents. Unfortunately, there are not many lasting and effective treatment options available, which has led many practitioners and skincare companies to trial various topical ingredients. In the past several years, Kojic acid has gained popularity as a skincare ingredient to treat hyperpigmentation and melasma. Kojic acid has more recently become popular in over-the-counter skincare products. We discuss the background of Kojic acid, its suggested mechanism, and the available studies evaluating its utility in treating melasma.
Effect of a Tranexamic Acid, Kojic acid, and Niacinamide Containing Serum on Facial Dyschromia: A Clinical Evaluation
J Drugs Dermatol 2019 May 1;18(5):454-459.PMID:31141852doi
Background: Stubborn dyschromia such as melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) are leading causes for cosmetic consultation. Topical treatment is challenging, using a range of modalities, to stop, hinder, and/or prevent steps in the pigment production process. Tranexamic acid (TXA), a potent plasmin inhibitor, is proposed to control pigmentation by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators involved in triggering melanogenesis. TXA has been recently introduced as a topical therapy aimed at reducing pigmentation in melasma. Methods: In a 12-week clinical study, a novel, topical facial serum containing 3% TXA, 1% Kojic acid, and 5% niacinamide was evaluated for its effectiveness in treating melasma, PIH, and hyperpigmentation in Brazilian female subjects with Fitzpatrick skin types I-IV. Efficacy evaluations were performed at pre-treatment baseline, weeks 2, 4, 8, and 12, and included expert clinical grading, bio-instrumental measurements, and self-assessment questionnaires. Cutaneous tolerability was also evaluated by assessing subjective and objective irritation of the treatment area. Results: A significant improvement in the appearance of PIH, hyperpigmentation, melasma, skin texture, and skin tone homogeneity was observed beginning at week 2 and continued through week 12. Melanin index, as measured by Mexameter庐, demonstrated a significant decrease by week 12 as compared to both pre-treatment baseline and control. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the test product is an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for addressing hyperpigmentary conditions, including melasma. Additional in vitro data suggests that TXA may act by mediating the inhibition of PGE2-stimulated human epidermal melanocytes. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019;18(5):454-459.
Biological functions of Kojic acid and its derivatives in medicine, cosmetics, and food industry: Insights into health aspects
Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022 Oct;355(10):e2200215.PMID:35760760DOI:10.1002/ardp.202200215.
This review traces the road leading to the demonstration of a variety of Kojic acid chemical and biological properties. It illustrates the biological effects of several synthetic Kojic acid derivatives. Besides the main capability of Kojic acid to inhibit the activity of tyrosinase in melanin synthesis, the focus is also on antibacterial, antifungal, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and other biological activities of Kojic acid derivatives, which may be applicable in medicine. Kojic acid derivatives manifest antiparasitic effects and its metal complexes may serve as potential radioprotective agents. Several Kojic acid derivatives exert antidiabetic therapeutic potential as nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/gamma dual agonists. Kojic acid derivatives show pancreatic lipase inhibitor properties and some of its derivatives are cognate ligands for the histamine H3 receptor. Recently, "KojoTacrines" were reported as novel perspective preparations for the therapy of Alzheimer's disease. Kojic acid derivatives possess insecticidal or pesticidal activity, and they are powerful chelators, able to form iron(III) containing nanocomposites, as well. Toxicology and health aspects of products containing Kojic acid produced by the cosmetic, health care, or food industry are summarized. Kojic acid thus represents a highly attractive molecule containing a skeleton that allows the synthesis of new Kojic acid derivatives to create a novel class of effective and specific pharmaceutical preparations.
Application of Kojic acid scaffold in the design of non-tyrosinase enzyme inhibitors
Chem Biol Drug Des 2022 Aug;100(2):290-303.PMID:35555863DOI:10.1111/cbdd.14065.
Kojic acid (KA) is a hydroxypyranone natural metabolite mainly known as tyrosinase inhibitor. Currently, this compound is used as a whitening agent in cosmetics and as an anti-browning agent in food industry. Given the easy-manipulation in different positions of the KA molecule, many investigations have been carried out to find new tyrosinase inhibitors derived from KA. Beside anti-tyrosinase activity, many KA-based compounds have been designed for targeting other enzymes including human neutrophil elastase, catechol-O-methyltransferase, matrix metalloproteinases, monoamine oxidase, human lactate dehydrogenase, endonucleases, D-amino acid oxidase, and receptors such as histamine H3 and apelin (APJ) receptors. This review could help biochemists and medicinal chemists in designing diverse KA-derived enzyme inhibitors.