L-Ascorbic Acid 2-phosphate (magnesium salt hydrate)

L-Ascorbic acid is essential for the synthesis of collagen, with deficiency resulting in scurvy.¹ Notably, humans and other primates, guinea pigs, and certain other animals lack an enzyme necessary for vitamin C synthesis.¹ L-Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (AA2P) is a long-acting ascorbic acid derivative that stimulates collagen expression and formation and is used in human cell culture.^2,3 It may be included in media to enhance the survival of human embryonic stem cells or increase the growth and replicative lifespan of human corneal endothelial cells.^4,5 AA2P is also used to drive osteogenic differentiation in human adipose stem cells and in human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells.^6,7,8

1.Gropper, S.S., Smith, J.L., and Groff, J.L.The water-soluble vitaminsAdvanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism4259-275(2005) 2.Kurata, S., and Hata, R.Epidermal growth factor inhibits transcription of type I collagen genes and production of type I collagen in cultured human skin fibroblasts in the presence and absence of L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, a long-acting vitamin C derivativeThe Journal of Biological Chemisty266(15)9997-10003(1991) 3.Yoshikawa, K., Takahashi, S., Imamura, Y., et al.Secretion of non-helical collagenous polypeptides of α1(IV) and α2(IV) chains upon depletion of ascorbate by cultured human cellsJournal of Biochemistry129(6)929-936(2001) 4.Furue, M.K., Na, J., Jackson, J.P., et al.Heparin promotes the growth of human embryonic stem cells in a defined serum-free mediumProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America105(36)13409-13414(2008) 5.Kimoto, M., Shima, N., Yamaguchi, M., et al.Role of hepatocyte growth factor in promoting the growth of human corneal endothelial cells stimulated by L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphateInvest.Ophthalmol.Vis.Sci.53(12)7583-7589(2012) 6.KyllÖnen, L., Maimi, S., MannerstrÖm, B., et al.Effects of different serum conditions on osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells in vitroStem Cell Res.Ther.4(1)1-15(2013) 7.Fang, X., Murakami, H., Demura, S., et al.A novel method to apply osteogenic potential of adipose derived stem cells in orthopaedic surgeryPLoS One9(2)1-6(2014) 8.Mariner, P.D., Johannesen, E., and Anseth, K.S.Manipulation of miRNA activity accelerates osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs in engineered 3D scaffoldsJ.Tissue Eng.Regen.Med.6(4)314-324(2012)