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L-Cystathionine Sale

(Synonyms: L-胱硫醚) 目录号 : GC30316

An intermediate in cysteine synthesis

L-Cystathionine Chemical Structure

Cas No.:56-88-2

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1mg
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产品描述

L-(+)-Cystathionine is a dipeptide formed by serine and homocysteine. Transsulfuration of methionine yields homocysteine, which combines with serine to form this precursor of cysteine.1,2 L-(+)-Cystathionine is largely expressed in the mammalian brain and deficiency can indicate the presence of metabolic disorders such as cystathioninuria.3

1.Steegborn, C., Clausen, T., Sondermann, P., et al.Kinetics and inhibition of recombinant human cystathionine γ-lyase. Toward the rational control of transsulfurationJ. Biol. Chem.274(18)12675-12684(1999) 2.Finkelstein, J.D.The metabolism of homocysteine: Pathways and regulationEur. J. Pediatr.157(Suppl 2)S40-S44(1998) 3.Nishi, T., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, Y., et al.Accumulation of ?-cystathionine by an Escherichia coli mutant deficient in cystathionine beta-lyaseJ. Biosci. Bioeng.94(2)178-181(2002)

Chemical Properties

Cas No. 56-88-2 SDF
别名 L-胱硫醚
Canonical SMILES N[C@@H](CCSC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
分子式 C7H14N2O4S 分子量 222.26
溶解度 Water: 1 mg/mL (4.50 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 2 with 1M HCl); DMSO: < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble) 储存条件 Store at -20°C, stored under nitrogen
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1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 4.4992 mL 22.4962 mL 44.9924 mL
5 mM 0.8998 mL 4.4992 mL 8.9985 mL
10 mM 0.4499 mL 2.2496 mL 4.4992 mL
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Research Update

L-Cystathionine Protects against Homocysteine-Induced Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptosis of Vascular Endothelial Cells

The study was aimed at investigating the effects of L-cystathionine on vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and its mechanisms. Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used in the study. Apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells was induced by homocysteine. Apoptosis, mitochondrial superoxide anion, mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, and caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities were examined. Expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3 was tested and BTSA1, a Bax agonist, and HUVEC Bax overexpression was used in the study. Results showed that homocysteine obviously induced the apoptosis of HUVECs, and this effect was significantly attenuated by the pretreatment with L-cystathionine. Furthermore, L-cystathionine decreased the production of mitochondrial superoxide anion and the expression of Bax and restrained its translocation to mitochondria, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibited mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, suppressed the leakage of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm, and downregulated activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3. However, BTSA1, a Bax agonist, or Bax overexpression successfully abolished the inhibitory effect of L-cystathionine on Hcy-induced MPTP opening, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, and HUVEC apoptosis. Taken together, our results indicated that L-cystathionine could protect against homocysteine-induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis of HUVECs.

Synthesis and evaluation of L-cystathionine as a standard for amino acid analysis

L-Cystathionine is a key nonprotein amino acid related to metabolic conditions. The quantitative determination of L-cystathionine in physiological fluids by amino acid analysis is important for clinical diagnosis; however, certified reference material for L-cystathionine with satisfactory purity, content, and quantity has been unavailable until recently. Consequently, a practical and simple method for the preparation of L-cystathionine was examined, which involves thioalkylation of N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-L-cysteine tert-butyl ester, derived from L-cystine, with (2S)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino-4-iodobutanoic acid tert-butyl ester, derived from L-aspartic acid, to obtain L-cystathionine with protecting groups, followed by single-step deprotection under mild conditions. This method produces L-cystathionine in high purity (99.4%) and having sufficient percentage content according to amino acid analysis, which could be used as a standard for the amino acid analysis of physiological fluids.

L-cystathionine in human brain

L-cystathionine inhibits the mitochondria-mediated macrophage apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein

This study was designed to investigate the regulatory role of l-cystathionine in human macrophage apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and its possible mechanisms. THP-1 cells were induced with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and differentiated into macrophages. Macrophages were incubated with ox-LDL after pretreatment with l-cystathionine. Superoxide anion, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening were examined. Caspase-9 activities and expression of cleaved caspase-3 were measured. The results showed that compared with control group, ox-LDL treatment significantly promoted superoxide anion generation, release of cytochrome c (cytc) from mitochondrion into cytoplasm, caspase-9 activities, cleavage of caspase-3, and cell apoptosis, in addition to reduced mitochondrial membrane potential as well as increased MPTP opening. However, 0.3 and 1.0 mmol/L l-cystathionine significantly reduced superoxide anion generation, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, and markedly decreased MPTP opening in ox-LDL + l-cystathionine macrophages. Moreover, compared to ox-LDL treated-cells, release of cytc from mitochondrion into cytoplasm, caspase-9 activities, cleavage of caspase-3, and apoptosis levels in l-cystathionine pretreated cells were profoundly attenuated. Taken together, our results suggested that l-cystathionine could antagonize mitochondria-mediated human macrophage apoptosis induced by ox-LDL via inhibition of cytc release and caspase activation.