LDAO

LDAO (Lauryl Dimethylamine Oxide) is a nonionic/zwitterionic detergent that can be used to solubilize and stabilize membrane proteins^[1]. LDAO's mild decontamination ability allows it to effectively disrupt the lipid bilayer structure while maintaining the native conformation of the protein^[2]. LDAO is often used to solubilize transmembrane proteins (such as G protein-coupled receptors) in bacterial or mammalian cell membranes while maintaining their functional activity^[3]. LDAO can indirectly affect the activity of H⁺-ATPase by dissolving the mitochondrial membrane structure, thereby regulating the ATP hydrolysis process^[4]. LDAO added to copper-free click chemistry reactions significantly increased the binding efficiency of CRM197 variants to Streptococcus pneumoniae polysaccharides^[5]. Addition of LDAO to the growth medium of Rhodovulum sulfidophilum resulted in drastic changes in carotenoid biosynthesis^[6].

References:
[1] Veldhuis G, Gabellieri E, Poolman B, et al. The effect of the detergent-shell on the structure of a membrane-protein[J]. Mechanics of the mannitol transporter from Escherichia coli, 111.
[2] Orwick‐Rydmark M, Arnold T, Linke D. The use of detergents to purify membrane proteins[J]. Current protocols in protein science, 2016, 84(1): 4.8. 1-4.8. 35.
[3] Marcovich I. Structural studies of enzymes: a bacterial flippase and a human kinase[J]. 2020.
[4] Vazquez-Laslop N, Dreyfus G. Mitochondrial H+-ATPase activation by an amine oxide detergent[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1986, 261(17): 7807-7810.
[5] Bautista L, Pill-Pepe L, Kapoor N, et al. Addition of lauryldimethylamine N-oxide (LDAO) to a copper-free click chemistry reaction improves the conjugation efficiency of a cell-free generated CRM197 variant to clinically important Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes[J]. ACS omega, 2022, 7(39): 34921-34928.
[6] Hagemann G E, Sturgis J N, Wagner E, et al. The effects of the detergent LDAO on the carotenoid metabolism and growth of Rhodovulum sulfidophilum[J]. Microbiological research, 1996, 151(4): 421-426.

LDAO（Lauryl Dimethylamine Oxide）是一种非离子/两性离子型去污剂，能够用于膜蛋白的溶解与稳定^[1]。LDAO温和的脱垢能力使其在维持蛋白质天然构象的同时有效破坏脂质双层结构^[2]。LDAO常用于溶解细菌或哺乳动物细胞膜中的跨膜蛋白（如G蛋白偶联受体），并保持其功能活性^[3]。LDAO能够通过溶解线粒体膜结构，间接影响H⁺-ATPase的活性，从而调节ATP水解过程^[4]。LDAO添加到无铜点击化学反应中，显著提高了CRM197变体与肺炎链球菌多糖的结合效率^[5]。在Rhodovulum sulfidophilum的生长培养基中添加 LDAO会导致类胡萝卜素的生物合成发生剧烈变化^[6]。