Loliolide

Loliolide is a monoterpene lactone that has been found in P. urinaria and has diverse biological activities.^1,2,3,4 It scavenges DPPH and peroxide radicals in cell-free assays when used at concentrations ranging from 62.5 to 250 µM and reduces peroxide-induced apoptosis in Vero cells.¹ Loliolide (10 µg/ml) inhibits LPS-induced proliferation of isolated mouse T and B cells.² It reduces hepatitis C virus (HCV) infectivity in Huh7.5 cells (EC₅₀ = 2.48 µM) and inhibits HCV binding to Huh7.5 cells when used at concentrations of 10 and 50 µM.³ Loliolide also increases A. cephalotes preference for control flakes when applied to test flakes at a concentration of 6.8 mg/g of rye, indicating insect repellent activity.⁴

1.Yang, X., Kang, M.-C., Lee, K.-W., et al.Antioxidant activity and cell protective effect of loliolide isolated from Sargassum ringgoldianum subsp. coreanumAlgae26(2)201-208(2011) 2.Okada, N., Shirata, K., Niwano, M., et al.Immunosuppressive activity of a monoterpene from Eucommia ulmoidesPhytochemistry37(1)281-282(1994) 3.Chung, C.-Y., Liu, C.-H., Burnouf, T., et al.Activity-based and fraction-guided analysis of Phyllanthus urinaria identifies loliolide as a potent inhibitor of hepatitis C virus entryAntiviral Res.13058-68(2016) 4.Okunade, A.L., and Wiemer, D.F.(-)-Loliolide, an ant-repellent compound from Xanthoxyllum setulosumJ. Nat. Prod.48(3)472-473(1985)