Mahanimbine

Mahanimbine is a carbazole alkaloid that has been found in M. koenigii and has diverse biological activities.^1,2,3 It is active against S. aureus and S. pyogenes (MIC₁₀₀ = 50 µg/ml for both), as well as A. aegypti fourth instar larvae when used at a concentration of 100 µg/ml.¹ Mahanimbine induces cell cycle arrest at the G₀/G₁ phase and apoptosis in Capan-2 and SW1190 cancer cells when used at a concentration of 7 µM, as well as inhibits proliferation in Capan-2, SW1190, BxPC-3, CFPAC-1, and HPAF-II cancer cells (IC₅₀s = 3.5, 3.5, 16, 64, and 32 µM, respectively).² It decreases body weight gain without affecting food intake and reduces increases in plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in a rat model of high-fat diet-induced obesity when administered orally at a dose of 30 mg/kg.³

1.Ramsewak, R.S., Nair, M.G., Strasburg, G.M., et al.Biologically active carbazole alkaloids from Murraya koenigiiJ. Agric. Food Chem.47(2)444-447(1999) 2.Pei, C., He, Q., Liang, S., et al.Mahanimbine exerts anticancer effects on human pancreatic cancer cells by triggering cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and modulation of AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signalling pathwaysMed. Sci. Monit.246975-6983(2018) 3.Birari, R., Javia, V., and Bhutani, K.K.Antiobesity and lipid lowering effects of Murraya koenigii (L.) spreng leaves extracts and mahanimbine on high fat diet induced obese ratsFitoterapia81(8)1129-1133(2010)