Meconin
(Synonyms: 袂康宁) 目录号 : GC40491
An Analytical Reference Standard
Cas No.:569-31-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Meconin, a noscapine metabolite, is a urinary detection marker for illicit opiate misuse. This product is intended for use as a forensic standard.
| Cas No. | 569-31-3 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 袂康宁 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C1OCC2=C1C(OC)=C(OC)C=C2 | ||
| 分子式 | C10H10O4 | 分子量 | 194.2 |
| 溶解度 | DMF: 30 mg/ml,DMSO: 30 mg/ml,DMSO:PBS(pH7.2) (1:1): 0.5 mg/ml,Ethanol: 10 mg/ml | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 5.1493 mL | 25.7467 mL | 51.4933 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.0299 mL | 5.1493 mL | 10.2987 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.5149 mL | 2.5747 mL | 5.1493 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Validation of Meconin as a marker for illicit opiate use
J Anal Toxicol 2007 Mar;31(2):105-8.PMID:17536746DOI:10.1093/jat/31.2.105.
The detection of markers for illicit opiate misuse is important both in the management of substance misuse and in the postmortem identification of illicit opiate use. In addition to 6-monoacetylmorphine and acetyl codeine, other markers, such as papaverine, noscapine, and their metabolites, have been proposed as markers of illicit opiate use. Urine samples (362) from individuals attending substance misuse services and 26 postmortem cases were analyzed for Meconin, a noscapine metabolite by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Three hundred of the substance misuse service samples and 14 of the postmortem samples had morphine present as the major opiate. Meconin was detected in 284 (94.7%) of these substance misuse samples and 11 (78%) of the postmortem samples. There was a specificity of 100% in both groups. In the 62 substance misuse cases where morphine was not the major opiate detected and four separate cases in which medicinal diamorphine was known to have been administered, Meconin was not detected. The use of Meconin as a useful adjunct in detecting illicit opiate use is recommended.
Detection of codeine, morphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, and Meconin in human umbilical cord tissue: method validation and evidence of in utero heroin exposure
Ther Drug Monit 2015 Feb;37(1):45-52.PMID:24901495DOI:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000104.
Background: Heroin abuse is a significant public health issue and is on the rise because of the unintended consequences of strengthening controls for nonmedical use of prescription pain killers. Included in this trend is an increase in opiate exposed newborns that are particularly vulnerable to a number of negative health outcomes. Methods: After presenting a fully validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for codeine, morphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, and Meconin, a metabolite of the heroin contaminant noscapine, we compared the outcome of 46 authentic umbilical specimens with the results generated using a previous less sensitive method that did not include Meconin. Additionally, we provided a summary of opiate finding from a year-long survey of specimens received into a commercial reference laboratory. Results: The limits of detection for all 4 compounds were 0.1 ng/g, the limit of quantitation was 0.2 ng/g, and the assay was linear from 0.2 to 10.0 ng/g. Of the 46 comparative specimens, this method improved the identification of heroin exposure from 2 to 5, and the year-long survey identified 86 heroin-exposed newborns with 11 of them identified by the sole identification of Meconin. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that a more sensitive analytical platform and the inclusion of Meconin in the opiates assay improved the ability to distinguish between in utero heroin exposure and maternal administration of codeine or morphine.
Forensic Application of Genetic and Toxicological Analyses for the Identification and Characterization of the Opium Poppy ( Papaver somniferum L.)
Biology (Basel) 2022 Apr 27;11(5):672.PMID:35625400DOI:10.3390/biology11050672.
Background: A reliable and science-based taxonomic determination of Papaver somniferum L. (opium poppy), the illegal species of the genus Papaver, may have practical and legal implications for law enforcement. P. somniferum is a controlled plant because of its narcotic substances, such as morphine and codeine. As poppy plants have rather similar morphological features, both chemical and genetic analysis are required in order to achieve an accurate characterization of such species. The chemical structures of alkaloids are extremely variable even within the same species, which is why the genetic approach may lead to a more scientific Papaver sp. differentiation. The aim of our study was the taxonomic identification of poppy capsules seized by the Italian Police Forces being considered as potential P. somniferum derivatives. Methods: The alkaloids detected using gas chromatography/mass-spectrometry (GC/MS) were morphine, codeine, thebaine, noscapine, Meconin, hydrocotarnine, and traces of papaverine. Further genetic analysis was carried out simultaneously using three plastid DNA barcoding regions (matK, trnH-psbA, and rbcL) for the samples' identification. Results: The Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method showed that the analysed samples were genetically identical. Conclusions: The morphological, toxicological, and genetic profile of the samples revealed that they belonged to P. somniferum species. Furthermore, the alkaloid content of dried poppy capsules might be used to investigate and track their origin.
Fatal poisoning by alcohol and heroin
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2007 Sep;58(3):323-8.PMID:17913687DOI:10.2478/v10004-007-0024-4.
Drug abuse with alcohol consumption have been on the rise in Split-Dalmatian County for a while now. This article reports two separate cases with three deaths due to fatal combinations of heroin and alcohol. The first case of poisoning is related to a young couple, a 30-year-old man and a 28-year-old woman, who were found dead in a car, surrounded by cans of a variety alcoholic drinks. Two needles were found beside the bodies as well. The victims were registered drug abusers who had been in withdrawal programs. The second case was a 29-year-old man who was found dead in a house. Three fresh injection marks were visible on his right arm, and two needles were near his body. He was not known as a drug addict, but he had tried to commit suicide recently. Carboxyhaemoglobin was found in blood samples of both victims from the first case. The concentration was 25% and that could contribute to their death. In both described cases blood alcohol concentration was higher then 1.60 g kg(-1). Toxicology tests were positive for heroin, Meconin, acetaminophen, 6-acetylmorphine, codeine, noscapine and papaverine. Ethanol, being a respiratory depressant, combined with morphine drastically increases the risk of rapid death due to respiration failure.
Liquid chromatographic-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometric analysis of opiates and metabolites in rat urine after inhalation of opium
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2003 Jun 5;789(1):139-50.PMID:12726852DOI:10.1016/s1570-0232(03)00096-5.
To examine the urinary excretion of opiates and their metabolites following inhalation exposure of rats to opium, analytical procedures for the simultaneous determination of the compounds in opium, the vapor derived by the volatilization of opium and the urine of rats exposed to the opium vapor were developed using liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (LC-APCI-MS). Seven compounds were determined in the opium, namely morphine, codeine, thebaine, noscapine, papaverine, meconic acid and Meconin. All seven were extracted with 2.5% acetic acid solution and subjected to LC-APCI-MS analysis. The separation was performed on an ODS column in acetonitrile-50 mM ammonium formate buffer (pH 3.0) using a linear gradient program and quantitative analysis was carried out in the selected ion monitoring mode ([M+H](+)). For the analysis of the volatilization of opium, the opium (1 g) was added to a glass pipe, which was then heated at 300 degrees C for 20 min. Negative pressure (air flow-rate; 300 ml/min) was used to draw the vapor through a series of glass wool and methanol traps. The total amount of each compound in the vapor was estimated by measurement of the compounds trapped in the glass wool and methanol. Wister rats (n=3) were exposed to the vapor derived from the volatilization system and the urinary amounts (0-72 h) of the six opiates and metabolites including morphine-3-grucronide (M3G) and morphine-6-grucronide (M6G) were measured after solid-phase extraction. The calibration curves for those compounds in the rat urine were linear over the concentration range 10-500 ng/ml. The recoveries for each analyte from the rat urine sample spiked with standard solution were generally greater than 80%, and the relative standard deviation for the analytical procedure was less than 8% with the exception of Meconin. After inhalation exposure of rats to opium, M3G (5.45-14.38 micro g), morphine (2.27-4.65 micro g), Meconin (0.54-1.85 micro g), codeine (0.54-1.85 micro g), noscapine (0.34-0.40 micro g) and papaverine (0.01-0.04 micro g) were detected in the urine over 72 h. However, only trace levels of thebaine were observed despite it being one of the major alkaloids found in the opium. On the other hand, a relatively large amount of Meconin was detected in the vapor and the urine as compared with the opium. It is suggested that the presence of Meconin in biological fluids could be indicative of opium ingestion by inhalation.