Methomyl
(Synonyms: 灭多威) 目录号 : GC47648
A carbamate insecticide
Cas No.:16752-77-5
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Methomyl is a carbamate insecticide and molluscicide that inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE).1,2 It induces mortality of tobacco budworm larvae when applied at a concentration of 0.56 kg/hectare and southern armyworm larvae at a concentration of 0.01 and 100 ppm.3 Methomyl is toxic to the land snail M. obstructa (LD50 = 11.9 µg/snail).2 It is also toxic to rats via oral but not dermal administration (LD50s = 30 and >2,000 mg/kg).1 Formulations containing methomyl have been used in the control of insects in agriculture.
1.Authority, E.F.S.Conclusion regarding the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance methomylEFSA Scientific Report2221-99(2008) 2.Hussein, H.I., Al-Rajhy, D., El-Shahawi, F.I., et al.Molluscicidal activity of Pergularia tomentosa (L.), methomyl and methiocarb, against land snailsInt. J. Pest Mgt.45(3)211-213(2010) 3.Wolfenbarger, D.A., and Redfern, R.E.Toxicity of five carbamate insecticides to the two-spotted spider mite and larvae of the southern armyworm and the tobacco budwormJ. Econ. Entomol.61(2)580-581(1968)
| Cas No. | 16752-77-5 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 灭多威 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | C/C(SC)=N/OC(NC)=O | ||
| 分子式 | C5H10N2O2S | 分子量 | 162.2 |
| 溶解度 | Chloroform: Slightly Soluble,Methanol: Slightly Soluble | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 6.1652 mL | 30.8261 mL | 61.6523 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.233 mL | 6.1652 mL | 12.3305 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.6165 mL | 3.0826 mL | 6.1652 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Current Approaches to and Future Perspectives on Methomyl Degradation in Contaminated Soil/Water Environments
Molecules 2020 Feb 8;25(3):738.PMID:32046287DOI:10.3390/molecules25030738.
Methomyl is a broad-spectrum oxime carbamate commonly used to control arthropods, nematodes, flies, and crop pests. However, extensive use of this pesticide in agricultural practices has led to environmental toxicity and human health issues. Oxidation, incineration, adsorption, and microbial degradation methods have been developed to remove insecticidal residues from soil/water environments. Compared with physicochemical methods, biodegradation is considered to be a cost-effective and ecofriendly approach to the removal of pesticide residues. Therefore, micro-organisms have become a key component of the degradation and detoxification of Methomyl through catabolic pathways and genetic determinants. Several species of methomyl-degrading bacteria have been isolated and characterized, including Paracoccus, Pseudomonas, Aminobacter, Flavobacterium, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Serratia, Novosphingobium, and Trametes. The degradation pathways of Methomyl and the fate of several metabolites have been investigated. Further in-depth studies based on molecular biology and genetics are needed to elaborate their role in the evolution of novel catabolic pathways and the microbial degradation of Methomyl. In this review, we highlight the mechanism of microbial degradation of Methomyl along with metabolic pathways and genes/enzymes of different genera.
Methomyl-induced nephrotoxicity and protective effect of curcumin in male rats
Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021 Aug 26;10(5):1003-1012.PMID:34733485DOI:10.1093/toxres/tfab080.
We investigated the ameliorative effect of the curcumin against methomyl-induced potential nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino male rats. In the present study, curcumin (100 mg kg-1 bw), Methomyl (0,8 mg kg-1 bw) and Methomyl plus curcumin were given to rats by oral for 28 days (for subacute examination). Concentrations of blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and creatinine in serum and malondialdehyde level and activities of antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S transferase) and histopathological alterations in kidney tissues were studied. Methomyl caused an increment in the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid and MDA levels. In addition, Methomyl caused a diminution in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S transferase. Tubular and glomerular degenerations occurred in the kidney tissues of methomyl-received rats. However, coadministration of curcumin with Methomyl significantly minimized the adverse effects of Methomyl on kidney function parameters, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities and histological structure of kidney tissue. The results showed that curcumin significantly mitigated methomyl-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
Environmental fate and toxicology of Methomyl
Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 2013;222:93-109.PMID:22990946DOI:10.1007/978-1-4614-4717-7_3.
The insecticide Methomyl, an oxime carbamate, was first introduced in 1968 for broad spectrum control of several insect classes, including Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, Homoptera, Diptera, and Coleoptera. Like other carbamates, it inhibits AChE activity, resulting in nerve and/or tissue failure and possibly death. Considered highly toxic to insects (larval and adult stages), Methomyl is thought to be metabolically degraded via mixed-function oxidase(s). Methomyl has both a low vapor pressure and Henry's law constant; hence, volatilization is not a major dissipation route from either water or moist or dry soils. Photolysis represents a minor dissipation pathway; however, under catalytic conditions, degradation via photolysis does occur. Methomyl possesses a moderate-to-high water solubility; thus hydrolysis, under alkaline conditions, represents a major degradation pathway. Methomyl has a low-to-moderate sorption capacity to soil. Although results may vary with soil type and organic matter content, Methomyl is unlikely to persist in complex soils. Methomyl is more rapidly degraded by microbes, and bacterial species have been identified that are capable of using Methomyl as a carbon and/or nitrogen source. The main degradation products of Methomyl from both abiotic and biotic processes are Methomyl oxime, acetonitrile, and CO₂. Methomyl is moderately to highly toxic to fishes and very highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Methomyl is highly toxic orally to birds and mammals. Methomyl is classed as being highly toxic to humans via oral exposures, moderately toxic via inhalation, and slightly toxic via dermal exposure. At relatively high doses, it can be fatal to humans. Although Methomyl has been widely used to treat field crops and has high water solubility, it has only infrequently been detected as a contaminant of water bodies in the USA. It is classified as a restricted-use insecticide because of its toxicity to multiple nontarget species. To prevent nontarget species toxicity or the possibility of contamination, as with all pesticides, great care should be taken when applying methomyl-containing products for agricultural, residential, or other uses.
Toxic effects of Methomyl on mouse oocytes and its possible mechanisms
Zygote 2022 Jun;30(3):358-364.PMID:34676817DOI:10.1017/S0967199421000782.
Methomyl is a broad-spectrum carbamate insecticide that has a variety of toxic effects on humans and animals. However, there have been no studies on the toxicity of Methomyl in female mammalian oocytes. This study investigated the toxic effects of environmental oestrogen Methomyl exposure on mouse oocyte maturation and its possible mechanisms. Our results indicated that Methomyl exposure inhibited polar body extrusion in mouse oocytes. Compared with that in the control group, in the Methomyl treatment group, superoxide anion free radicals in oocytes were significantly increased. In addition, the mitochondrial membrane potential of metaphase II stage oocytes in the Methomyl treatment group was significantly decreased, resulting in reduced mouse oocyte quality. After 8.5 h of exposure to Methomyl, metaphase I stage mouse oocytes displayed an abnormal spindle morphology. mRNA expression of the pro-apoptotic genes Bax and Caspase-3 in methomyl-treated oocytes increased, which confirmed the apoptosis. Collectively, our results indicated that mouse oocyte maturation is defective after Methomyl treatment at least through disruption of spindle morphology, mitochondrial function and by induction of oxidative stress.
Post-Mortem Changes of Methomyl in Blood with Hemoglobin
Chem Res Toxicol 2021 Jan 18;34(1):161-168.PMID:33405899DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00472.
Methomyl, (E,Z)-methyl N-{[(methylamino)carbonyl]oxy}ethanimidothioate, is a widely used pesticide that has been detected in many fatal cases of accidental exposure or suicide. Forensic toxicologists have been baffled that the blood Methomyl concentration in persons who have died of Methomyl poisoning is much lower than the expected concentration in blood. In this study, we speculated two mechanisms underlying the insufficient recovery of Methomyl in blood. First, Methomyl is decomposed by serum albumin as esterase. Second, Methomyl is bound to a specific blood protein, resulting in insufficient recovery in the free form. However, human serum albumin does not show esterase activity for the decomposition of Methomyl. On the contrary, specific Methomyl hemoglobin adducts have been detected by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q/TOF-MS). The mass spectra indicated that Methomyl was specifically bound to tryptophan (W), tyrosine (Y), and valine (V) residues in hemoglobin. The amounts of W- and V-adducts dose-dependently increased in vitro when the Methomyl concentration was lower than the lethal concentration. In addition, the W-adduct was detected in blood sampled from an autopsied subject who died of intentional Methomyl ingestion, suggesting that the W-adduct could be used as a biomarker of Methomyl poisoning. We were able to estimate the amount of Methomyl ingested on the basis of the amount of the W-adduct.