ML385
目录号 : GC19254
ML385是一种特定的核因子红细胞2相关因子2（NRF2）抑制剂。
Cas No.:846557-71-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
-
Related Biological Data
Nrf2 mediates ECH activation of the BDNF/TrkB signaling axis.(A-B) Western blot detection of nuclear Nrf2 (n=6). (C-D) Depression-like behavioral assays (n=19). (E-F) Brain tissue TUNEL for apoptosis detection.
Western blot research revealed that rats in the PSD + ECH-H group had higher levels of Nucleus-Nrf2 expression than rats in the PSD group and the PSD + ML385 (GlpBio) + ECH-H group.
Phytomedicine, 2024: 155433. PMID: 38547621 IF: 7.8996 -
Related Biological Data
DCA attenuates the expressions of key occludin and ZO-1 of TJ membrane proteins in vitro to maintain BBB integrity. (a–d)Western blotting assay of occludin and ZO-1 and the band strength of the respective protein relative to Tubulin in mouse brain. The mentioned results indicate that DCA inhibits ischemia-induced BBB destruction.
We used ML385 (GlpBio), a specific inhibitor of Nrf2 in cells, and the protective effect of DCA disappeared, indicating that DCA could alleviate oxidative stress through the PDK2-PDH-Nrf2 channel.
Oxid Med Cell Longev 2021 (2021). PMID: 34712383 IF: 6.541 -
Related Biological Data
Ellagic acid alleviated diquat-induced jejunal oxidative stress through a Nrf2 mediated signaling pathway. (A) Immunohistochemistry analysis for Nrf2 in the jejunum tissue. (B-D) NQO-1, GPX1, and HO-1 mRNA expressions in jejunum tissue.
ML385(a specific Nrf2 inhibitor) (GlpBio) was prepared in suspension in PBS with 100 µL per mouse.
iScience.2021 Sep 25;24(10):103170. PMID: 35268077 IF: 5.719 -
Related Biological Data
4-ME attenuated lipid metabolism by activating Nrf2. (E) Oil red O staining. (F) Intracellular TG content. (G–K) Quantification data of Nfr2, CD36, SREBP-1c, FASN, and PPAR-γ protein expression levels in LO2 cells
ML385 (10 µM) (GlpBio), a specific Nrf2 inhibitor, was used to treat LO2 cells.
Int J Mol Sci 23.18 (2022): 10465. PMID: 36142378 IF: 5.5999 -
Related Biological Data
Nrf2 and HO-1 inhibitors counteract the effect of Empagliflozin in suppressing Pi-induced calcification. (A,B) The Nrf2 inhibitor, ML385 (5 μM), as well as HO-1 inhibitors.
The Nrf2 inhibitor, ML385 (5 μM) (GlpBio), as well as HO-1 inhibitors
Int J Mol Sci 24.12 (2023): 10016. PMID: 37373164 IF: 5.5999
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
|
Cell lines |
A549 cells |
|
Preparation Method |
A549 cells were transfected with a firefly luciferase reporter (Fluc) construct driven by a minimal TATA promoter with upstream NRF2-specific antioxidant response element (ARE) enhancer sequence from human NQO1 promoter ARE and clones stably expressing ARE-FLuc7 were screened and validated. |
|
Reaction Conditions |
Cells were cultured in the presence of ML385 (5 μM) for 48h and 72 h and measured the changes in the expression levels of NRF2 and its target genes. |
|
Applications |
ML385 treatment to A549 cells demonstrated a reduction in glutathione synthesis and recycling enzymes, members of the thioredoxin family, and glucose metabolism-related genes with a time-dependent manner. ML385 treatment significantly attenuated NQO1 enzyme activity and reduced GSH levels along with cellular antioxidant capacity. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
|
Animal models |
1-8-week-old C57B/6 male mice |
|
Preparation Method |
Mice received a daily intraperitoneal injection of ML385 (30 mg/kg) dissolved in PBS with 5% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) for 7 d. |
|
Dosage form |
30 mg/kg |
|
Applications |
ML385 could inhibit Nrf2 and used to explore the mechanism of Nrf2-NF-κB signaling pathway involved in the inhibition of astrocyte activation. Mice treated with ML385 had a significant decrease in Keap1, HO-1, Nrf2, and p-P65/P-65 (P < 0.05) expression compared to Sham or Vehicle control groups. |
|
References: [1]. Singh A, et al. Small Molecule Inhibitor of NRF2 Selectively Intervenes Therapeutic Resistance in KEAP1-Deficient NSCLC Tumors. ACS Chem Biol. 2016 Nov 18;11(11):3214-3225. [2]. Xian P, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a nanotherapeutic agent for amelioration of inflammation-induced astrocyte alterations in mice. Theranostics. 2019 Aug 14;9(20):5956-5975. |
|
ML385 is a specific nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) inhibitor. ML385 binds to NRF2 and inhibits its downstream target gene expression as a probe molecule. Specifically, ML385 binds to the Neh1, the Cap ‘N’ Collar Basic Leucine Zipper (CNC-bZIP) domain of NRF2, and interferes with the binding of the V-Maf Avian Musculoaponeurotic Fibrosarcoma Oncogene Homolog G (MAFG)-NRF2 protein complex to regulatory DNA binding sequences. ML385 shows specificity and selectivity for NSCLC cells with KEAP1 mutation leading to gain of NRF2 function.[1][2]
In vitro study demonstrated that ML385 potentially inhibits NRF2 through direct interaction. The NRF2 signaling was decreased in a time-dependent manner and the maximum decline was at 72 h. A reduction in NRF2 mRNA levels was also observed. In addition, ML385 caused global inhibition of NRF2 signaling in lung cancer cells with KEAP1 mutations, and other target genes. ML385 treatment also significantly attenuated NQO1 enzyme activity and reduced GSH levels along with cellular antioxidant capacity. [2]
In vivo study of ML385 indicated that it inhibits NRF2 and showed promising anti-tumor activity. ML385 in combination with carboplatin showed a significant reduction in tumor growth compared to vehicle. Although the treatment with a single agent (either ML385 or carboplatin) led to a reduction in tumor growth, the magnitude of these effects was variable between cell lines and did not reach statistical significance. Moreover, tumor samples treated with ML385 showed a significant reduction in NRF2 protein level and its downstream target genes. Besides, the addition of ML385 decreased anisotropy in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 1.9 μM, suggesting that the NRF2-MAFG protein complex was dissociated from fluorescein-labeled ARE-DNA. [2]
References:
[1]. Xian P, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a nanotherapeutic agent for amelioration of inflammation-induced astrocyte alterations in mice. Theranostics. 2019 Aug 14;9(20):5956-5975.
[2]. Singh A, et al. Small Molecule Inhibitor of NRF2 Selectively Intervenes Therapeutic Resistance in KEAP1-Deficient NSCLC Tumors. ACS Chem Biol. 2016 Nov 18;11(11):3214-3225.
ML385是一种特定的核因子红细胞2相关因子2（NRF2）抑制剂。它作为探针分子结合到NRF2并抑制其下游靶基因表达。具体来说，ML385结合到NRF2的CNC-bZIP域中的Neh1，并干扰V-Maf鸟类肌腱性纤维肉瘤癌基因同源物G（MAFG）- NRF2蛋白复合物与调节DNA结合序列的结合。 ML385对于KEAP1突变导致增益NRF2功能的非小细胞肺癌细胞具有特异性和选择性。 [1] [2]
体外研究表明，ML385可能通过直接作用来抑制NRF2。 NRF2信号传导随时间的推移而减少，最大下降在72小时时出现。还观察到了NRF2 mRNA水平的降低。此外，ML385引起肺癌细胞中KEAP1突变和其他靶基因的全局抑制。 ML385治疗还显著减弱了NQO1酶活性，并降低了GSH水平以及细胞抗氧化能力。 [2]
ML385的体内研究表明，它可以抑制NRF2，并显示出有希望的抗肿瘤活性。与仅使用载体相比，ML385与卡铂联合使用可显著减少肿瘤生长。虽然单一药物治疗（ML385或卡铂）导致了肿瘤生长的减少，但这些效果在细胞系之间变化很大，并且没有达到统计学意义水平。此外，经过ML385处理的肿瘤样本显示出NRF2蛋白水平及其下游靶基因显著降低。此外，添加ML385以剂量依赖方式降低各向异性，在IC50为1.9μM时提示NRF2-MAFG蛋白复合物从荧光素标记的ARE-DNA中解离。[2]
| Cas No. | 846557-71-9 | SDF | |
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(NC1=NC(C2=CC=C(N(C(C3=C(C)C=CC=C3)=O)CC4)C4=C2)=C(C)S1)CC5=CC(OCO6)=C6C=C5 | ||
| 分子式 | C29H25N3O4S | 分子量 | 511.59 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : ≥ 30 mg/mL (58.64 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
||
| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
 |
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.9547 mL | 9.7735 mL | 19.5469 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3909 mL | 1.9547 mL | 3.9094 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1955 mL | 0.9773 mL | 1.9547 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Edaravone ameliorates depressive and anxiety-like behaviors via Sirt1/Nrf2/HO-1/Gpx4 pathway
Background: The inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) have been considered crucial components of the pathogenesis of depression. Edaravone (EDA), a free radical scavenger, processes strong biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. However, its role and potential molecular mechanisms in depression remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the antidepressant activity of EDA and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: A chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) depression model was performed to explore whether EDA could produce antidepressant effects. Behaviors tests were carried out to examine depressive, anxiety-like and cognitive behaviors including social interaction (SI) test, sucrose preference test (SPT), open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze (EPM), novel object recognition (NOR), tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST). Hippocampal and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) tissues were collected for Nissl staining, immunofluorescence, targeted energy metabolomics analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), measurement of MDA, SOD, GSH, GSH-PX, T-AOC and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Western blotting (WB) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) detected the Sirt1/Nrf2/HO-1/Gpx4 signaling pathway. EX527, a Sirt1 inhibitor and ML385, a Nrf2 inhibitor were injected intraperitoneally 30 min before EDA injection daily. Knockdown experiments were performed to determine the effects of Gpx4 on CSDS mice with EDA treatment by an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector containing miRNAi (Gpx4)-EGFP infusion. Results: The administrated of EDA dramatically ameliorated CSDS-induced depressive and anxiety-like behaviors. In addition, EDA notably attenuated neuronal loss, microglial activation, astrocyte dysfunction, oxidative stress damage, energy metabolism and pro-inflammatory cytokines activation in the hippocampus (Hip) and mPFC of CSDS-induced mice. Further examination indicated that the application of EDA after the CSDS model significantly increased the protein expressions of Sirt1, Nrf2, HO-1 and Gpx4 in the Hip. EX527 abolished the antidepressant effect of EDA as well as the protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and Gpx4. Similarly, ML385 reversed the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of EDA via decreased expressions of HO-1 and Gpx4. In addition, Gpx4 knockdown in CSDS mice abolished EDA-generated efficacy on depressive and anxiety-like behaviors. Conclusion: These findings suggest that EDA possesses potent antidepressant and anxiolytic properties through Sirt1/Nrf2/HO-1/Gpx4 axis and Gpx4-mediated ferroptosis may play a key role in this effect.
Kaempferol Ameliorates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Neuronal Ferroptosis by Activating Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 Axis
Kaempferol has been shown to protect cells against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through inhibition of apoptosis. In the present study, we sought to investigate whether ferroptosis is involved in the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced neuronal injury and the effects of kaempferol on ferroptosis in OGD/R-treated neurons. Western blot, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze ferroptosis, whereas cell death was detected using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. We found that OGD/R attenuated SLC7A11 and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) levels as well as decreased endogenous antioxidants including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in neurons. Notably, OGD/R enhanced the accumulation of lipid peroxidation, leading to the induction of ferroptosis in neurons. However, kaempferol activated nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling, augmented antioxidant capacity, and suppressed the accumulation of lipid peroxidation in OGD/R-treated neurons. Furthermore, kaempferol significantly reversed OGD/R-induced ferroptosis. Nevertheless, inhibition of Nrf2 by ML385 blocked the protective effects of kaempferol on antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation, and ferroptosis in OGD/R-treated neurons. These results suggest that ferroptosis may be a significant cause of cell death associated with OGD/R. Kaempferol provides protection from OGD/R-induced ferroptosis partly by activating Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway.
Dexmedetomidine attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced ferroptosis via AMPK/GSK-3β/Nrf2 axis
The present study aimed to investigate whether dexmedetomidine (Dex) exerts cardioprotection effect through inhibiting ferroptosis. Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats in Langendorff preparation. The hemodynamic parameters were recorded. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to determine infarct size. In the in vitro study, the model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) was established in H9c2 cells. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected using cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), and AV/PI dual staining respectively. Lipid peroxidation as measured by the fluorescence of the fatty acid analog C11-BODIPY581/591 probe and intracellular ferrous iron levels were measured by fluorescence of Phen Green SK (PGSK) probe, whereas immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy were also used to examine ferroptosis. Protein levels were investigated by Western blot. The interactions of AMPK/GSK-3β signaling with Nrf2 were also assessed through AMPK inhibition and GSK-3β overexpression. Our findings indicated that Dex significantly alleviated myocardial infarction, improved heart function, and decreased HR-induced accumulation of Fe2+ and lipid peroxidation in cardiomyocytes. Dex significantly increased the expression levels of Nrf2, SLC7A11, and GPX4. However, inhibition of Nrf2 by ML385 blunted the protective effect of Dex in HR-treated H9c2 cells. Inhibition of AMPK with a specific inhibitor or siRNA decreased the expression levels of phosphorylation of GSK-3β and Nrf2 induced by Dex. Overexpression of GSK-3β resulted in lower levels of nuclear Nrf2, whereas depression of GSK-3β enhanced expressions of nuclear Nrf2. In conclusion, Dex protects hearts against MIRI-induced ferroptosis via activation of Nrf2 through AMPK/GSK-3β signaling pathway.
Melatonin improves hypoxic-ischemic brain damage through the Akt/Nrf2/Gpx4 signaling pathway
Melatonin (Mel) has neuroprotective effects; however, its roles in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We aimed to explore its roles and mechanisms in a HIBD rat model. We found that exogenous Mel treatment ameliorated HIBD-induced pathological changes, inhibited neuronal ferroptosis, and promoted hippocampal neuronal survival. Moreover, Mel improved the learning and memory abilities of the HIBD rats. Further, we found that glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) inhibition with RSL3, Akt inhibition with LY29400, and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) inhibition with ML385 abolished the Mel protective effects in HIBD. Our findings indicate that exogenous Mel treatment has a protective effect on HIBD via the Akt/Nrf2/Gpx4 pathway.
Hydrogen sulfide alleviates particulate matter-induced emphysema and airway inflammation by suppressing ferroptosis
Background: Redox imbalance is an vital mechanism for COPD. At present, insufficient researches have been conducted on the protective effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on PM-induced COPD. However, whether H2S exerts the anti-injury role by blocking ferroptosis and restoring redox equilibrium remain to be investigated.
Methods: Human lung tissue samples were collected for IHC staining, and the expressions of Nrf2, ferritinophagy- and ferroptosis-related proteins were observed. The WT C57BL/6 and Nrf2 knockout mice models were established with PM(200 μg per mouse). NaHS(Exogenous H2S) was injected intraperitoneally 30 min in advance. Twenty-nine days later, mice lung tissues were evaluated by HE's and PERLS-DAB's staining. Meanwhile, inflammation and oxidative stress indicators and iron levels were assessed by corresponding ELISA kit. Related protein expressions were detected through Western blot. BEAS-2B cells with or without H2S were exposed to PM2.5 for 36 h. Cell viability, mitochondrial morphology, inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant factors, iron levels, autophagic flux and the levels of ROS, LIP ROS, MitoROS, MMP, as well as related protein expressions were detected by specific methods, respectively. In addition, V5-Nrf2, Nrf2 siRNA, Nrf2 inhibitor ML385, PPAR-γ inhibitor GW9662, autophagy inhibitor CQ, iron chelator DFO and ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 were used to verify the target signaling pathways.
Results: We found that the expressions of LIP ROS, ROS, COX2, MDA and other oxidative factors increased, while the antioxidant markers GPX4, GSH and GSH-Px significantly decreased, as well as active iron accumulation in COPD patients, PM-exposured WT and Nrf2-KO mice models and PM2.5-mediated cell models. NaHS pretreatment markedly inhibited PM-induced emphysema and airway inflammation by alleviating ferroptotic changes in vivo and vitro. With the use of V5-Nrf2 overexpression plasmid, Nrf2 siRNA and pathway inhibitors, we found NaHS activates the expressions of Nrf2 and PPAR-γ, and inhibites ferritinophagy makers LC3B, NCOA4 and FTH1 in BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, the anti-ferroptotic effect of NaHS was further verified to be related to the activation of Nrf2 signal in MEF cells.
Conclusion: This research suggested that H2S alleviated PM-induced emphysema and airway inflammation via restoring redox balance and inhibiting ferroptosis through regulating Nrf2-PPAR-ferritinophagy signaling pathway.